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課時23 非謂語動詞（一） Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Most kids lucky enough to grow up with books discover a character who inspires them. When I was a kid， many girls loved the teenage detective Nancy Drew. She was popular and smart. As a 9yearold girl， I was different from others. Then at my ninth birthday party， I met 9yearold Pippi Longstocking. Mom put Astrid Lindgrens book on my lap and warned me to stay away from the other kids because I had chickenpox (水痘). Therefore， there I was， sitting on the couch in the living room， watching everyone in the dining room eat my cake quickly. Pippi was my true friend that day， and on many days to come. She was me， except that her mother was gone and her father was a sailor. She also didnt have to go to school. Her pigtails (辮子) were so tight that they stood straight out from her face. That was the hair I liked. My sisters and I marched into the beauty shop as children and left looking like the shortest grandmothers in Ohio. Pippi carried out my every desire. She shocked adults with any question that she wanted to ask and she was devoted to her friends. What I most loved was that she didnt tolerate bullies. She threw them into trees and onto rooftops. By the time I was a teen， I was fond of other girls in the fiction， for example， Francie Nolan， but I never lost the relation with Pippi. I still admire her sense of justice. Over the years Ive written about a lot of bullies. Each time， I pull up a chair and raise my fingers to the keyboard， and Pippi Longstocking starts to type. [語篇解讀]　本文講述了“我”的成長經(jīng)歷。 1.What is the main idea of the text？ A.The writer was inspired by the character Pippi. B.The writer created many works in her whole life. C.There were many funny stories about the writer. D.The writer was lucky to find her favorite character. 解析：主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了作者九歲時偶然接觸到自己喜歡的一個小說人物Pippi Longstocking，該人物對作者以后的創(chuàng)作產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。 答案：A 2.What did the writer do to go with Pippi according to the text？ A.Taking exercise every day. B.Changing her hairstyle. C.Walking like a grandmother. D.Giving up attending school. 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“My sisters and I marched into the beauty shop...like the shortest grandmothers in Ohio”可知，作者因為喜歡這個人物就連發(fā)型也模仿。 答案：B 3.The underlined word “bullies” in Paragraph 4 means ________. A.the bad habits　　　　 B.the severe diseases C.the fierce animals D.the bad fellows 解析：詞義猜測題。從后面的“She threw them into trees and onto rooftops”可以猜出此處的bullies應(yīng)該是指“壞家伙”。 答案：D 4.According to the text， when you read the writers novels， you may feel the great effect of ________. A.Nancy Drew B.Pippi Longstocking C.Astrid Lindgren D.Francie Nolan 解析：推理判斷題。從文章第三段中的“She was me”和最后一段中的“Each time，I pull up a chair and raise my fingers to the keyboard，and Pippi Longstocking starts to type”可以判斷出，Pippi Longstocking對作者的影響非常大。 答案：B B Whether to allow music players and gadgets in school has been a matter of debate for quite a long time. Allowing iPods in school has its set of benefits and disadvantages. Therefore， it would be unfair to put a complete ban on iPods in school just because a few students dont use them responsibly. Should iPods be allowed in school or not is a decision that depends mainly on how students use them， besides other factors. The idea of putting rules and restrictions on the use of a device or gadget at school is one which is generally welcomed by teachers， but opposed by students. There are those who support the idea of allowing gadgets in school， however， not at the expense of academic performance. Then there are those who are totally against allowing them in school. There has to be some compromises(折中) so as to reach a consensus(共識) on this issue. The iPod is a music player that has changed the way people listen to music. Even those who dont listen to music regularly become music enthusiasts overnight. So， why are school authorities opposed to allowing this device in their premises？ Well， there are many reasons why iPods are not allowed in school. The most important of them is the irresponsible use which causes disturbance in the smooth running of the class. Let us find what else leads to imposing a ban on the usage of iPods in school. Whether iPods will affect a students performance or not is dependent on how the student uses them. The device can be used widely to learn and also for relaxation. It can be used to store not just music files but educational content. Therefore， the decision to allow or ban iPods in school should be taken considering how useful they would be. If the school authorities can ensure their proper use and make the students benefit， there isnt any reason why they should be banned in school. [語篇解讀]　在學校是否可以允許使用iPod呢，聽聽不同人們的不同觀點吧！ 5.The first paragraph is mainly to ________. A.introduce a new device to us B.prove using iPods is harmful to us C.put forward the topic of the text D.show it is hard to make a decision 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Should iPods be allowed in school or not is a decision that depends mainly on how students use them，besides other factors”，再結(jié)合下文的議論和分析可知，該段主要是提出本文的話題。 答案：C 6.We can learn from the second paragraph that ________. A.it is wrong to ban using iPods at school B.there are two viewpoints on using iPods C.people can hardly reach a consensus D.some students are against using iPods 解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“... is generally welcomed by teachers，but opposed by students”可知，文中提出了支持和反對在校使用iPod的兩種觀點，故選B項。 答案：B 7.The passage is mainly developed ________. A.by example B.by numbers C.by process D.by comparison 解析：推理判斷題。從第一段開始，作者就通過支持和反對這兩種觀點來討論是否允許在校使用iPod，所以本題的答案為D。 答案：D 8.What would be the best title for the text？ A.Should iPods be allowed in school？ B.Can iPods be popular in the future？ C.How can iPods be banned completely？ D.Why do the students like iPods so much？ 解析：標題歸納題。本文主要討論的是是否允許在校使用iPod，故A項為最佳標題。 答案：A Ⅱ.閱讀填句 The universal twochild policy in a statement from the Communist Party of China on Thursday is an earthshattering change from the onechild policy instituted in the late 1970s and reflects a family planning policy in tune with the times. The universal twochild policy will reportedly actively address the countrys aging trend and potential future labor shortages due to the low birth rate in recent years. __1__ The percentage of the population aged under 14 in China declined from 33.6 in 1982 to 16.6 in 2010， according to the National Bureau of Statistics. __2__ So in November 2013， the family planning policy was further adjusted to allow couples to have a second child when one spouse was an only child. __3__ However， the adjustment in 2013 was reported to be not enough to bring about an expected baby boom. __4__ To better solve the existing demographic problems in China， a universal twochild policy better suits the countrys demand. __5__ The onechild policy put forward in the late 1970s aimed at slowing the fast population growth caused by a baby boom appearing in the late 1960s and early 1970s after the country recovered from the three years of natural disasters in the early 1960s. Controlling population size has become the countrys top priority after taking into consideration the large population base， fast growth and peoples poor livelihood. The achievements China has made today prove the onechild policys effects on improving peoples livelihood and speeding economic growth. A.“China would continue to stick to the family planning policy，” according to the statement， though the new policy is a fundamental change compared with the onechild policy. B.Early in the 21st century， couples were allowed to have a second child if they were both an only child. C.Low birth rate means fewer adults of working age， which can pose a threat for the countrys sustainable growth in the long run. D.Any society with a population in that age bracket between 15 and 18 percent of the total population faces a severely low birth rate. E.In 2014， only 700，000 out of the 2 million couples eligible to have a second child， according to the National Health and Family Planning Commission. F.With the only child becoming the center of a family， the child may be too spoiled to grow up with a healthy outlook on life， which can be seen in many related cases reported nowadays. G.Still， if the only child dies before his parents， its hard to imagine how the parents will spend the rest of their lives， especially when they are old. [語篇解讀]　我國低出生率的人口現(xiàn)狀對國家的可持續(xù)發(fā)展構(gòu)成了威脅，為此，國家對計劃生育政策做出了調(diào)整以適應(yīng)時代發(fā)展的要求。 1.解析：根據(jù)空格前的關(guān)鍵詞due to the low birth rate in recent years可知，空格處會講述低出生率的情況，因此選C。 答案：C 2.解析：空格前的aged under 14和16.6分別與D項中的in that age bracket和between 15 and 18相吻合，由此可知D項符合語境。 答案：D 3.解析：依據(jù)前面句子“在2013年11月計劃生育政策進一步調(diào)整允許夫婦一方為獨生子女的可生育第二個小孩兒”可知，空格處會介紹更早期的政策，故B項符合語境。 答案：B 4.解析：根據(jù)整篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)來看，前面介紹了2013年的情況，可以推斷出下文會介紹2014年的狀況。因此選E。 答案：E 5.解析：根據(jù)下文中提到的獨生子女政策被提出的目的及控制人口規(guī)模等方面的內(nèi)容可知，計劃生育政策還會實行。故A項符合語境。 誤解分析：F項中雖然有關(guān)鍵詞the only child，但只是說明獨生子女的家庭成長環(huán)境，故F項不符合語境。 答案：A Ⅲ.語法填空 W：Good morning， sir. Im a 1.________(report) from BBC. Were doing a survey on local people and I wonder if youd mind 2.________(answer) a few questions. M：No， go ahead. W：Your name， please？ M：Klaus Barbie. W：Klaus， is that K－L－A－U－S？ M：Yes， thats right. W：OK， Klaus， what do you do for 3.________ living？ M：Im a 4.________(profession) football player. W：Oh， really？ Great！ And whats the most exciting thing 5.________ has happened to you recently？ M：I became a father. Just call me Dad. My wife and I 6.________(have) our first baby last month. W：Oh， thats wonderful. M：Mmhmm. W：And 7.________ do you admire most in this world right now？ M：Well， I admire my wife， and shes going to be a great mother. W：Fantastic. 8.________ do you want to be doing five years from now？ M：Well，...uh...five years from now Id like 9.________(have) more kids and write books about 10.________(I) family. W：Oh， thats great. Can I have some more questions？ M：Well， no problem. [語篇解讀]　這是一篇對話，講的是一名記者采訪一名職業(yè)足球運動員的情況。 1.解析：考查名詞。根據(jù)空格前的a及語境可知此處應(yīng)用reporter。 答案：reporter 2.解析：考查動名詞。mind doing sth.意為“介意做某事”。 答案：answering 3.解析：考查冠詞。固定搭配for a living意為“為了謀生/生存”。 答案：a 4.解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾player，故用形容詞。 答案：professional 5.解析：考查定語從句。此處定語從句的先行詞前面有形容詞最高級修飾，故只能用that不能用which。 誤解分析：誤用which。沒有考慮到定語從句的先行詞前面有形容詞最高級修飾而導致誤用which。 答案：that 6.解析：考查時態(tài)?？崭窈竺娴臅r間狀語last month表明此處要用一般過去時態(tài)。 答案：had 7.解析：考查特殊疑問詞。根據(jù)下文的I admire my wife可知要用who/whom。 答案：who/whom 8.解析：考查特殊疑問詞。根據(jù)下文的語境可知用What。 答案：What 9.解析：考查不定式。would like to do sth.意為“喜歡做某事”。 答案：to have 10.解析：考查代詞。根據(jù)空后的名詞可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。 答案：my