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專題09 名詞性從句 1. One day，he came up with an idea he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. 解析　考查同位語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。因后面是一個(gè)完整的句子，且該句是說(shuō)明空格前面an idea的具體內(nèi)容，所以是同位語(yǔ)從句。從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，故要用that引導(dǎo)。 答案　that 2. is important is that we let others know we care about them. 答案　What 3. Over the next several months，my professor taught me one story was so much better than the other. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。教授教給我的是為什么一個(gè)故事比另一個(gè)更好。根據(jù)句意可知此處要用why引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 答案　why 4. A study found girls who ate five or more family meals a week had a much healthier relationship with food in later life. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞found后為賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中不缺少成分，故要用that引導(dǎo)。 答案　that 5. Perhaps my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. 解析　考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。媽媽說(shuō)的話深深地扎根于我的思想中。系動(dòng)詞was前為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，故要用what引導(dǎo)。 答案　what 6. Even more upsetting was the fact the driver didnt stop afterward. 解析　考查同位語(yǔ)從句。the fact后面是同位語(yǔ)從句，要用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 答案　that 7.But，from Ive heard，perhaps he worked too hard. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。從我聽說(shuō)的來(lái)看，也許他更努力些。介詞from后是what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，what作動(dòng)詞hear的賓語(yǔ)。 答案　what 8. Well，there is a rumor going around the head of the Department is leaving. 解析　考查同位語(yǔ)從句。有一個(gè)謠言說(shuō)，部門的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)馬上就要走了。that引導(dǎo)的是名詞rumor的同位語(yǔ)從句。 答案　that 9. The easiest way to do this is to make a simple list of it means to be respectful at school. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作動(dòng)詞mean的賓語(yǔ)。 答案　what 10. There is a new market near my house.My mother often goes there and buys we need for our meals. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。我的媽媽經(jīng)常去那買我們吃飯所需要的東西。what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句作動(dòng)詞buy的賓語(yǔ)。 答案　what 易錯(cuò)起源1、名詞性從句中連接詞的正確選用 例1．—I wonder Mary has kept her figure after all these years. —By working out every day. 答案　how 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 1.that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中無(wú)意義，不作成分，只起到連接作用，在賓語(yǔ)從句中可省略。 He told me (that) he would leave soon. 2.what與出at在名詞性從句中的區(qū)別。 Right:What he said was true. 這是一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，what在從句中作動(dòng)詞said的賓詞，意思是:“……話”或“……事”，此句中不能用that。 That he came late made the teacher angry. 這個(gè)句子還是主語(yǔ)從句。從句中意思完整，所以用that來(lái)引導(dǎo)，起到一個(gè)標(biāo)志作用。 易錯(cuò)起源2、賓語(yǔ)從句 例2．You have to know youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. 解析　句意：如果你要計(jì)劃到達(dá)某地的最佳路線，你必須首先知道你想要去哪？where引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句， 在從句中用作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 答案　where 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 1.出at引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句出at常用來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，通常that可以省略。 He has told me that he will go to Shanghaitomorrow．他已經(jīng)告訴我他明天要去上海。 注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后,hat從句 常用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 2.wh-引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 I want to know what he has told you．我想知道他告訴了你什么。 【錦囊妙計(jì)，戰(zhàn)勝自我】 形容詞后所跟的賓語(yǔ)從句 某些動(dòng)態(tài)形容詞(afraid，confident，aware，certain，sure，doubtful等)在句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面可跟賓語(yǔ)從句。 例句:I am confident that I can get the job．我有信心我可以得到這份工作。 易錯(cuò)起源3、 that和wh-引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 例3．I truly believe beauty comes from within. 答案　that 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 (1)that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句既可以放在句首也可以放在句末，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中常常采用it形式主語(yǔ)形式。 That he passed the English test is true.→ It is true that he passed the English test. (2)形式主語(yǔ)的四個(gè)主要句型 It + be + 名詞 + that從句 It is a pity that...可惜的是，用于此句型的名詞還有fact／shame／honor／question等。 It + be + 形容詞 + that從句 It is certain that...很肯定，可用于此句型的形容詞還有clear／better／natural／important／neeessary. It + be + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 + that從句 It is said that...據(jù)說(shuō)，可用于此句型的過(guò)去分詞還有believed／known／reported等。 It + 不及物動(dòng)詞 + that從句 如: It seems that...好像是……似乎…… 可用于此句型的不及物動(dòng)詞還有happen，appear等。 易錯(cuò)起源4、 表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句 例4．A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not ships are built for. 答案　what 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 1.that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + that從句例句: The fact is that we have lost the game. 2.wh-疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 That is why I tell you the news.那就是我為什么告訴你這個(gè)消息的原因。 3.從屬連詞as if,boecause,just as等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 It is because I have ever heard of the story.那是因?yàn)槲以?jīng)聽說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)故事。 【錦囊妙計(jì)，戰(zhàn)勝自我】 同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有advice，demand，doubt，fact，hope，idea， information，message，news，order，problem，promise， question，repuest，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。 1. Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it. 解析　句意：李白，一個(gè)偉大的中國(guó)詩(shī)人，其出生地是眾所周知的，但也有一些人不接受它。從句where Li Bai was born作該句子的主語(yǔ)。 答案　Where 2. we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel. 解析　句意：我們?cè)鯓永斫馐挛锱c我們所感覺(jué)到的東西有很大關(guān)系。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知“ what we understand things”為主語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合句意可知要用how。 答案　How 3. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 解析　句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳的話，務(wù)必調(diào)查清楚水面之下有什么。水中經(jīng)常隱藏著石頭或樹枝。根據(jù)后面rocks and branches可知，此處要用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 答案　what 4. We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. 解析　句意：我們必須知道他什么時(shí)候來(lái)，以便我們能給他預(yù)定房間。根據(jù)后面的so we can book a room for him可知這里指時(shí)間，故用when引導(dǎo)。 答案　when 5. Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. 答案　what 6. The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：這個(gè)展覽告訴了我們，我們?yōu)槭裁匆柚箍諝馕廴尽Ｙe語(yǔ)從句缺少狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)意義為why。 答案　why 7.Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565. 解析　考查名詞性從句。句意：馬鈴薯被引入歐洲的確切時(shí)間是不確定的，但是大約是在1565年。根據(jù)句意when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故填when。 答案　when 8. the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 解析　考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：延誤的航班什么時(shí)候起飛很大程度上取決于天氣。根據(jù)句意，需要時(shí)間概念When。 答案　When 9.I think impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 解析　考查名詞性從句。句意：我認(rèn)為他的繪畫給我印象最深的就是他所使用的顏色。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)該空所填詞匯引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞是物，在其中做主語(yǔ)，故用what。 答案　what 10.Some people believe has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 解析　考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：有些人相信，無(wú)論以前發(fā)生過(guò)什么，或者現(xiàn)在發(fā)生著什么，都會(huì)在未來(lái)重現(xiàn)。主語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，用whatever做主語(yǔ)。 答案　whatever 11. The pandas are very dear to human beings.So people have been doing they take to save them. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。熊貓對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)很寶貴，因此人們一直在做任何需要做的事情來(lái)保護(hù)它們。whatever引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，表示“無(wú)論什么”，相當(dāng)于anything that。 答案　whatever 12. To tell the truth， you do rather than what you say matters. 解析　考查主語(yǔ)從句。說(shuō)實(shí)話，是你所做的而不是你所說(shuō)的真正起作用。rather than連接的并列主語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)從句均缺賓語(yǔ)，所以用what。 答案　what 13. What the government cares about most is action they are going to take. 答案　what 14. I need to put a cross on the map to show that famous hotel is. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句。我需要在地圖上放個(gè)十字來(lái)表明這個(gè)飯店的位置。 答案　where 15. Weve got to remember this group wants to look at how the Internet is being used in the classroom.Thats they are coming for. 解析　考查表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。這就是他們?yōu)槭裁炊鴣?lái)。what在表語(yǔ)從句中作介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，for what相當(dāng)于why。 答案　what 16. Her smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of life is all about. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。介詞of后為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中about缺少賓語(yǔ)，故要用what。 答案　what 17. Therefore，it is advisable you should value and treat them with care. 解析　考查主語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。it為形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)為后面that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。 答案　that 18.When the other frogs saw a deep pit it was，they told the two frogs that they were as good as dead. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。saw 后面接的句子是感嘆句，用what引導(dǎo)，what a deep pit it was！多深的一個(gè)坑?。? 答案　what 19. Then they had to know stories could be told without words， using only gestures and expressions. 解析　考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。由結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處是賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)stories could be told without words, using only gestures and expressions.可以判斷出，此處指如何去做到這一點(diǎn)。 答案　how 20. His teacher got the idea that he had no ability in arithmetic，and told his parents she thought in order that they would not expect too much of him. 答案　what