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專題十二　語法填空之無提示詞類 [限時15分鐘] A (2015廣東)Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children.He owned 1._________farm, which looked almost abandoned.2.　　　　(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby 3._________other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what 4._________ (leave)．The cow was their only means of support, in fact.One day, the cow was eating grass 5.__________it began to rain heavily.While making great efforts to run away, she 6._______ (fall) over the hill and died.Then the Johnson tried to make a living 7.　　　　the cow.In order to support his family, Mr.Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables.Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees 8.　　　　(sell) the wood.Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too.When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market 9.　　　　people from the towns met regularly.Now it occurred to 10.　　　　that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck. [語篇解讀]　本文是一篇記敘文。講述的是Johnson先生一家人靠著農(nóng)場里的奶牛維持生活，但是一次意外奶牛死了，Johnson先生不得不想其他辦法繼續(xù)生活。他一邊種藥草和蔬菜，一邊砍樹去集上賣木頭。上帝在給他關(guān)上了一扇門的時候，又給他打開了一扇門。 1．a(chǎn)　考查冠詞。句意：他擁有一個農(nóng)場，這個農(nóng)場看起來都快廢棄了。a 是不定冠詞，表示泛指一個……，修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生和家人住在樹林里，他擁有一個農(nóng)場。故填a。 2．Luckily　考查詞性。句意：幸運的是，他還有一頭奶牛，每天都能產(chǎn)奶。luckily副詞，幸運的是。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生的農(nóng)場很破舊，都快要廢棄了。但是還有奶牛每天都產(chǎn)奶，能讓他維持生存，所以這是一件幸運的事。這里用副詞形式修飾整個句子。 3．for　考查介詞。句意：他去附近的鎮(zhèn)里賣牛奶，或是用牛奶來換其他的食物。本句話中exchange的意思是交換，根據(jù)句意可知，Johnson先生用牛奶來換其他的食物。這里是用短語exchange...for...，故填介詞for。 4．was left　考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：他去附近的鎮(zhèn)里賣牛奶，或是用牛奶來換其他的食物，用剩下的牛奶制作奶酪和黃油。leave“離開；剩下，留下”。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生一家靠農(nóng)場里的奶牛產(chǎn)奶來生活。除去賣掉的和換其他食物的牛奶，剩下的他就用來制作奶酪和黃油。這里what was left是一個賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知用被動語態(tài)。 5．when　考查連詞。句意：一天，奶牛正在吃草，這時突然開始下起大雨。when是并列連詞，意思是正在這時。這句話使用的句型是be doing sth. when...“正在做某事這時……”。 6．fell　考查時態(tài)。句意：在慌忙逃跑的時候，奶牛摔下了山死了。fall“摔倒，掉下來”。根據(jù)文意可知，這篇短文使用的是一般過去時態(tài)，故這里填過去式fell。 7．without　考查介詞。句意：奶牛死了，Johnson先生不得不繼續(xù)生活。with“和……一起”。根據(jù)文意可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的時候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson先生就不得不沒有了奶牛來生活。故填without。 8．to sell　考查非謂語動詞。句意：因為這些藥草和蔬菜需要花費時間來生長，Johnson先生就開始砍樹來賣木頭。sell“賣，銷售”。根據(jù)文意可知，Johnson先生一邊種植藥草和蔬菜，一邊砍樹去賣掉木柴。這里用動詞不定式形式在句中作目的狀語。 9．where　考查定語從句。句意：豐收的時候，他已經(jīng)在人們定期趕集的市場上去賣藥草、蔬菜和棉花了。where 在這里引導(dǎo)的是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞the market。 10．him　考查代詞。句意：現(xiàn)在看來好像他的農(nóng)場是非常有潛能的，奶牛的死也似乎給他帶來了好運氣。It occurred to sb. that...“某人突然發(fā)現(xiàn)……”，這是一個固定的句型，因為這篇短文講述的是Johnson先生，故填him。 B (2014新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio.It 1.________(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 2.________(actual) caught fire and burned.Now, years later, this river is one of 3.________most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 4.________even a few months.It took years of work 5.________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6.________(clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you leave a habit 7.________is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are 8.________(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9.________(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10.________(patience)． [語篇解讀]　有些變化是逐步發(fā)生的，需要我們有耐心，需要我們努力。 1．was　考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)本段第一句In 1969, the pollution was terrible可知本段敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情。the Cuyahoga River Cleveland在過去被污染地如此嚴(yán)重，過去沒有人能夠想象到這條河被清理干凈。 2．a(chǎn)ctually　考查詞性。本句中使用副詞actually作狀語修飾謂語動詞caught fire, actual是形容詞，不能在句中作狀語，通常只作定語或者表語修飾名詞。 3．the　考查冠詞。本句橫線后面的most是最高級的形式，所以使用the most outstanding的形式。 4．or　考查連詞。句意：但是這條河流的改變不是幾天或者幾個月的事情。本句中的or“或者”表示選擇的意思。 5．to reduce　考查非謂語動詞。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花了某人……時間”。句中的不定式to reduce the industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主語。前面的it是形式主語。 6．cleaner　考查比較等級。句意：最后人們的努力得到了回報，現(xiàn)在這條河比以前更干凈了。橫線后面有than，說明橫線上應(yīng)該使用比較級的形式。 7．that/which　考查定語從句。本句是一個定語從句，先行詞是a habit，定語從句中使用關(guān)系動詞that/which指代先行詞在句中作主語。 8．a(chǎn)mazing　考查非謂語動詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常修飾事物，過去分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞常常修飾人或者與人有關(guān)的事物。橫線后面是名詞story，說明應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞轉(zhuǎn)換的形容詞。 9．changes　考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。本句中謂語部分是系動詞are，說明主語應(yīng)該是一個復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，所以使用changes。 10．patient　考查詞性。橫線前面有系動詞be，說明本句是一個祈使句be patient“耐心一點”。因為很多變化都是逐漸發(fā)生的，需要很多努力，我們要耐心一點。