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　Unit 2　Sailing the oceans Section Ⅲ　Learning about Language & Using Language Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The Red Armymen suffered many ____________(困苦) during the Long March with little to eat and without warm clothes. 答案：　hardships 2．____________(逐漸地)，the children began to understand more and more. 答案：　Gradually 3．Victory in the last game gave them a ____________(心理上的) advantage over their opponents. 答案：　psychological 4．This type of work rapidly becomes ____________(常規(guī)) and attracts nobody. 答案：　routine 5．Can future really be ____________(預(yù)見)? 答案：　foreseen Ⅱ.單句改錯 1．Tom，in addition his classmates，also joins in the activities. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　addition后加to 2．Hardship came one after another. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　Hardship→Hardships 3．A good night out will help you take your minds off exams. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　minds→mind 4．Mary teared the letter to pieces without reading it. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　teared→tore 5．I’m on a dilemma over whether to tell him or not. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　on→in 6．There has a baby over there. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　has→is 7．There being no further business，so the chairman closed the meeting. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　去掉so 8．There is report to be a number of the wounded on both sides. ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：　report→reported Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．Because of his careless driving，we had a bad accident. →__________________________his careless driving，we had a bad accident. 答案：　Owing to 2．We do morning exercises so as to build our body. →(1)__________________________build our body，we do morning exercises. →(2)We do morning exercises__________________________we could build our body. →(3)We do morning exercises ____________we could build our body. 答案：　In order to；so that；in order that Ⅳ.閱讀理解 According to the UN Intergovernmental Panel(專家咨詢組) on Climate Change，global temperatures have risen by approximately 0.6 ℃ in the past century，caused mainly by emissions of greenhouse gases produced by human activities，such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.Temperatures are to increase between 1.6 ℃ and 5.8 ℃ in the next century，accompanied by sea level rise and an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events. The best available evidence suggests that climate changes since the 1970s may already be causing over 150,000 deaths annually，and that greenhouse gas emissions would increase disease burdens in the coming decades.The risks are concentrated in the poorest population，who have contributed least to the problem. The Kyoto Protocol (京都議定書) is signed by 128 nations，and commits the participating industrialized countries to cutting emissions of greenhouse gases by over 5% below 1990 level by the period of 2008－2012. “Over 600 thousand people died in weather－related disasters in the 1990s.Temperature and rainfall influence the rates of diseases and infections including malaria，and malnutrition，which together cause over 3.5 million deaths a year.The Kyoto Protocol is the first step towards protecting the climate system，which exerts such a strong influence on our health，”said Dr Kerstin Leitner，Assistant Director－General for Sustainable Development and Healthy Environments. While acting to reduce greenhouse gas emissions，it is also essential to protect vulnerable (脆弱的) communities from the effects of climate changes.WHO works to promote measures such as protection from malaria and other climate sensitive diseases，and reliable access to clean water and sanitation，for people in the most vulnerable developing countries.Increasing disease control efforts will also help to protect current and future generations from the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. 語篇解讀　這是一篇關(guān)于氣候變化的文章。人類的某些行為導(dǎo)致的氣候變化會危害人類自身，我們要采取必要的措施來拯救我們自己。 1．According to the passage，what is the reason for the rise of global temperatures? A．The burning of fossil fuels. B．The rise of sea level. C．Extreme weather disasters. D．The emissions of greenhouse gases. 解析：　根據(jù)第一段中的“global temperatures have risen...emissions of greenhouse gases”可知，D項正確。A項是產(chǎn)生溫室氣體的行為之一，故可排除。 答案：　D 2．Which of the following is true? A．Weather－related disasters caused over 3.5 million deaths. B．The climate system has a deep impact on human health. C．The members of the Kyoto Protocol are all industrialized countries. D．The poorest population are to blame because they contribute least to the problem. 解析：　A項與文章第四段中的“Over 600 thousand people died in weather－related disasters...which together cause over 3.5 million deaths a year”不符；C項意為“京都議定書”成員國都是工業(yè)化的國家，與文章第三段的內(nèi)容不符；D項與文章第二段的最后一句話不符。根據(jù)第四段中的“The Kyoto Protocol...on our health”可知選B項。 答案：　B 3．In order to protect communities，WHO takes some measures except____________. A．preventing diseases caused by climate changes B．helping to provide clean water C．a(chǎn)iding to offer sanitation D．gaining access to vulnerable developing countries 解析：　根據(jù)最后一段中的“such as protection...sanitation”和“Increasing disease control efforts”可知A、B、C三項正確。由“for people in the most vulnerable developing countries”可知，D項錯誤。 答案：　D 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Climate changes and the effects on human health. B．Climate changes cause over 15,000 deaths annually. C．WHO promotes measures such as protection from malaria. D．The Kyoto Protocol helps to protect human health. 解析：　根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，B、C、D項均是文中某一方面的內(nèi)容，比較片面，A項最能概括文章大意。 答案：　A Ⅴ.完形填空 I believe different people have experienced different adolescence.I must admit I was still an angry__1__in my first year of college.My__2__was that my parents didn’t please me at all. Our finances were__3__，so I chose to go to a (n)__4__college and take a bus to classes every day.One day I had a(n)__5__fight with my father.We both exploded into shouts.I__6__out of the house and missed my bus to school. I rushed all the way to school.As I__7__across the campus toward my class，I suddenly realized I didn’t have the__8__that was due：a thought card.My professor asked us to __9__an index card with our names and the dates every Tuesday.__10__what was on the rest of the card，we could write a thought，a question or something else. Now，outside the door，ten minutes later，I took an index card.__11__to write something on it，I could only think about the__12__I’d just had with my dad.I wrote “I am the son of an idiot！”，then__13__into the room，and handed it to our professor. Next day，our professor__14__the thought cards and I__15__he wrote，“What does the ‘son of an idiot’ do with the rest of his life？” The professor’s innocent－seeming question__16__me to the issue：whose problem is it？__17__，my thinking began to shift.I realized that I had created a life__18__I was not a central figure! The__19__of growth wasn’t easy or fast.__20__later，from a struggling student，I became a successful student and then a successful teacher. 語篇解讀　青春期的作者有一次與父親發(fā)生沖突，但在教授的“thought card”的啟發(fā)下，作者慢慢地走出了青春期叛逆的心境，最終走向了成功。 1．A.child B．a(chǎn)dult C．a(chǎn)dolescent D．student 解析：　“我”必須承認，大學(xué)一年級時“我”仍是一個憤青。adolescent青少年，文中的第一句話已經(jīng)給出了提示。 答案：　C 2．A.temper B．a(chǎn)nger C．mood D．pain 解析：　根據(jù)空格前的“I was still an angry____________________in my first year of college”可知，“我”生氣是因為“我”的父母讓“我”不高興。 答案：　B 3．A.limited B．special C．practical D．fantastic 解析：　由下文可知，“我”經(jīng)常乘公交車上學(xué)，因此此處表示“我們家的經(jīng)濟不寬?！保蔬xA項。 答案：　A 4．A.ordinary　　　　 B．private C．local D．state 解析：　我們家的經(jīng)濟條件不寬裕，因此“我”選擇去上“當?shù)氐摹币凰髮W(xué)，每天乘公交車去上學(xué)。ordinary意為“普通的”；local意為“當?shù)氐摹?；private意為“私人的”；state意為“政府的，州的”。 答案：　C 5．A.serious B．controversial C．unfriendly D．a(chǎn)nxious 解析：　由后文中的“We both exploded into shouts”可知，“我與父親發(fā)生了一次嚴重的(serious)爭吵”。故選A項。 答案：　A 6．A.stormed B．wandered C．slipped D．stepped 解析：　由語境可知，“我”和父親發(fā)生沖突之后，“氣沖沖地走”出了屋子。storm意為“氣沖沖地走”；wander意為“游蕩，漫游，閑逛”；slip意為“滑倒”；step意為“邁步”。 答案：　A 7．A.leaped B．walked C．ran D．headed 解析：　由空格前的“I rushed all the way to school”可知，“我”跑(ran)向教室。leap意為“跳躍”；walk意為“步行”；head意為“朝(某個方向)行進”。 答案：　C 8．A.duty B．a(chǎn)ssignment C．commitment D．material 解析：　教授布置的任務(wù)就是我們要在每周二帶來自己的“thought card”，寫上自己的姓名、日期、想法、問題或者其他事情。assignment任務(wù)，符合語境，故選B項。 答案：　B 9．A.take up B．put down C．hand out D．bring along 解析：　參見上題解析。take up 開始從事，繼續(xù)，占據(jù)；put down鎮(zhèn)壓，放下；hand out分發(fā)；bring along帶上，帶來。 答案：　D 10．A.Due to B．Regardless of C．As for D．Thanks to 解析：　卡片上要寫姓名，日期，至于余下的部分，可以寫想法、問題或其他事情。As for至于；Thanks to幸虧，由于；Regardless of不管，不顧；Due to由于，歸功于。 答案：　C 11．A.Concerned B．Desperate C．Excited D．Active 解析：　作者剛與父親發(fā)生沖突，又忘記帶教授布置的作業(yè)，因此應(yīng)是“絕望地”在上面寫了一些東西。故選B。 答案：　B 12．A.issue B．conversation C．dispute D．fight 解析：　由上文中的“One day I had a(n)_________fight with my father”可知，此處應(yīng)選D項。 答案：　D 13．A.poured B．entered C．dashed D．a(chǎn)pproached 解析：　根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)該是“沖進”教室，故選C項。dash意為“猛沖，急奔”。 答案：　C 14．A.gave back B．checked out C．put away D．passed on 解析：　第二天，教授歸還了我們的卡片。give back意為“歸還”；check out意為“結(jié)賬離開”；put away意為“將……收起”；pass on意為“轉(zhuǎn)交，遞給”。 答案：　A 15．A.explored B．recognized C．discovered D．ignored 解析：　教授歸還了卡片，“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)教授寫的話。故選C項。 答案：　C 16．A.awoke B．forced C．scared D．a(chǎn)djusted 解析：　教授看似平淡的問題“喚醒”(awoke)了“我”。 答案：　A 17．A.Slowly B．Rapidly C．Generally D．Swiftly 解析：　根據(jù)空格后的“my thinking began to shift”可知，作者的想法”慢慢地”改變了。 答案：　A 18．A.what B．in which C．which D．that 解析：　此處應(yīng)該是“in which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在從句中作狀語，先行詞為“l(fā)ife”。 答案：　B 19．A.process B．progress C．period D．challenge 解析：　成長的“過程”既不容易，也不快。 答案：　A 20．A.Weeks B．Terms C．Months D．Years 解析：　由上文可知，成長過程時間長，而作者后來又成為一位成功的老師，故此處選D項。 答案：　D