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Unit 3 Challenging Yourself Ⅱ Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．No matter where we are, friendship will tie our heart (tighten)． 答案：tightly 2．It’s custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal is served. 答案：a 3．It is (require) that the new employees be provided safety training before they start to work. 答案：required 4．Finally we stayed in what is regarded the best hotel in the city. 答案：as 5． (differ) from Confucius，he stressed the importance of kindness. 答案：Differing 6．Please attach your photograph this form. 答案：to 7．Most scientists seem to agree that certain limit should be set on the consumption of cars to ease PM2.5 in 2016. 答案：a 8．Some naughty children often attack the (passerby) with stones on the road. 答案：passersby 9．I don’t wish to debate you about my opinions. 答案：with 10．Can you come and give me a hand at your (convenient)? 答案：convenience Ⅱ.閱讀理解 (2016福州綜合練習(xí))It is safe to say that George Bernard Shaw (1856～1950)，the Irishborn writer，is more famous for being George Bernard Shaw than he is for his writings today.Few of Shaw’s more than 60 plays，novels and essays are performed or read anymore.And yet Shaw genuinely helped make our modern world.Although you’d be lucky to get a chance to see one of his dramas today，in his time he turned the theater into a vehicle for the discussion of social issues，not only in Britain but on the stage of the world.In a way Shaw was someone who created the modern culture of Britain. Where the theater had been dominated by entertainment，Shaw used it to teach people the importance of paying attention to the issues of their day.The plight (苦難) of the poor and the working class，the situation of women and the institutions of society，such as the education system—Shaw was among the most wellknown figures making these topics central to public debate.His first play，Widowers’ Houses(1892)，deals with the question of slum(貧民窟) housing.His Mrs Warren’s Profession(1893) brought a controversial topic to the stage. Shaw was an important mover and shaker in new political movements too.He was an early member of the Fabian Society，which argued for the socialist cause in the UK.Shaw was also the founder (in 1895) of one of the now most famous colleges in the world，the London School of Economics. If few of his works have really stood the test of time，many of his quotations have become part of the furniture of the English language．“Youth is wasted on the young，” he wrote.He also knew how to sum up a political philosophy(哲學(xué)) in a few memorable words.For instance: “A government that robs Peter to pay Paul can always depend on the support of Paul.” 【文章大意】　本文是一篇人物傳記，主要介紹英國(guó)著名的作家George Bernard Shaw以及他的作品對(duì)英國(guó)文化的影響。 1．Shaw’s influence on the modern world comes mainly from ． A．the changes he brought to the British culture B．his philosophies on the role of government C．his awareness of social problems of his day D．the support for the London School of Economics A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“In a way Shaw was someone who created the modern culture of Britain.”可知，他對(duì)現(xiàn)代的影響主要源于他對(duì)英國(guó)現(xiàn)代文化的影響。故選A項(xiàng)。 2．Widowers’ Houses is a play that mainly focuses on ． A．the failure of the UK education system B．the housing problems of poor people C．robbery incidents in slum areas D．socialist movements in the UK B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句話“His first play，Widowers’ Houses(1892)，deals with the question of slum(貧民窟) housing.”可知，這本書反映了窮人的住房問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。 3．By describing Shaw’s quotations as “part of the furniture of the English language”，the author means that Shaw’s words ． A．have become the best part of English B．have greatly developed the English language C．have made the English language philosophical D．have become an inseparable part of the English language D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“If few of his works have really stood the test of time，many of his quotations have become part of the furniture of the English language．‘Youth is wasted on the young，’he wrote.”可知，如果他的作品沒(méi)能經(jīng)得住時(shí)間的挑戰(zhàn)，許多引用他的作品的話已經(jīng)成為英語(yǔ)的一部分了。由此可推斷他對(duì)英國(guó)文化影響較大。故選D項(xiàng)。 4．Which of the following about George Bernard Shaw’s works is TRUE? A．They should be adapted for modern readers. B．They are mostly about the lives of working class. C．They deal with important social issues of their day. D．Most of them are still performed on the stage of the world today. C　解析：正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Where the theater had been dominated by entertainment，Shaw used it to teach people the importance of paying attention to the issues of their day.”可知，他的作品通常教育人們要關(guān)注所在年代的一些重大事件，也就是關(guān)注他那個(gè)年代的重要的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)。 Ⅲ.完形填空 Occasionally，life can be impossibly difficult，and it can be hard to keep going.But you always have a choice. 2012 was the 1 year of my life. My father died only six months 2 he was diagnosed as cancer.He was always so 3 that，for a minute after he drew his last breath，I honestly 4 he would come back to life.I couldn’t believe I would never again cuddle(擁抱)into his big warm chest. Shortly after that，my oldest sister was 5 to the hospital.They discovered that she had highly advanced cancer in her bones and that there was 6 that they could do.She died a month later. She was my 7 person in the whole world.I never thought I would have to live 8 her.The 9 and extreme heartbreak brought me to my knees，and I 10 in the hospital myself. I remember lying in the hospital bed，looking 11 at the ceiling and seeing my sister’s beautiful face.I realized that night that I had a(n) 12 ．I could end my life or I could continue to 13 ．I looked in my sister’s eyes and 14 not to go with her just yet.I was determined to stay and 15 my journey. I now live with my husband and I spend quality time with my family and value every 16 I have with them.I connect with my heart often to 17 that I am following my joy.I love myself more deeply every day. Not a day goes by when I don’t 18 my father’s huge character or my beloved sister’s gentle eyes，but I know that I will be with them one day.What I have now is so precious and so fleeting(短暫的) that I must grasp the 19 in every moment I can. You choose life every day.But do you choose the life that you 20 every day? 【文章大意】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了“我”在2012年遭遇了人生最低谷：摯愛(ài)的父親和姐姐患癌癥相繼離世?！拔摇毕腚S他們而去，但是最終選擇了繼續(xù)生活，珍惜每一刻和家人在一起的時(shí)光，熱愛(ài)每一天。 1．A.best　　　　　　　 B．worst C．precious D．fastest B　解析：考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)第三段中的“My father died...”和第四段中的“she had highly advanced cancer...She died a month later”．可知，2012年是“我”人生中最糟糕的一年。 2．A.before B．until C．a(chǎn)fter D．when C　解析：考查連詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“died”和“he was diagnosed as cancer”可推知，“我”的父親在被診斷為癌癥六個(gè)月后去世。C項(xiàng)意為“在……之后”，符合語(yǔ)境。 3．A.optimistic B．powerful C．strong D．enthusiastic C　解析：考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)該段最后兩句中的“he would come back to life”和“his big warm chest”可知，父親總是那么強(qiáng)壯。C項(xiàng)意為“強(qiáng)壯的”。 4．A.doubted B．wondered C．planned D．thought D　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下句“I couldn’t believe I would never again cuddle(擁抱)into his big warm chest.”可知，父親如此強(qiáng)壯以至于直到他咽下最后一口氣，“我”認(rèn)為他還能活過(guò)來(lái)。D項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)為”。 5．A.allowed B．a(chǎn)bandoned C．a(chǎn)ccustomed D．a(chǎn)dmitted D　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：之后不久，我的姐姐又入院治療。根據(jù)下文可知，“我”姐姐患有骨癌，故可推知，她入院治療。be admitted to the hospital為固定搭配，意為“入院”，此處是指進(jìn)了醫(yī)院。 6．A.nothing B．everything C．a(chǎn)nything D．something A　解析：考查代詞辨析。根據(jù)下句“She died a month later.”可知，醫(yī)生們對(duì)“我”姐姐的病束手無(wú)策，nothing意為“沒(méi)有什么辦法”，符合語(yǔ)境。 7．A.lovely B．favorite C．dear D．last B　解析：考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可推知，姐姐是“我”在這個(gè)世界上最喜愛(ài)的人。B項(xiàng)意為“最喜愛(ài)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。故B項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)意為“可愛(ài)的”；C項(xiàng)意為“親愛(ài)的”；D項(xiàng)意為“最后的”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 8．A.with B．without C．on D．beyond B　解析：考查介詞辨析。根據(jù)本句中的“never”可知，“我”從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到過(guò)沒(méi)有她“我”該怎樣生活。without意為“沒(méi)有”，符合語(yǔ)境。 9．A.shock B．regret C．terror D．shame A　解析：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)該名中的“and extreme heartbreak”，并結(jié)合上句“我”姐姐的突然去世可知，這種震驚和心碎使“我”屈服。shock意為“震驚”，符合語(yǔ)境。故A項(xiàng)正確。 10．A.got up B．picked up C．came up D．ended up D　解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。根據(jù)下文中的“I remember lying in the hospital bed”可知，結(jié)果“我”自己又病倒在醫(yī)院。end up意為“結(jié)果”，符合語(yǔ)境。A項(xiàng)意為“起身，變猛烈”；B項(xiàng)意為“撿起，偶然學(xué)會(huì)”；C項(xiàng)意為“走近，發(fā)芽”，都與語(yǔ)境不符。 11．A.back B．a(chǎn)round C．up D．down C　解析：考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“ceiling”可知，“我”躺在病床上，向上看著天花板。look up意為“向上看”，符合語(yǔ)境。 12．A.answer B．choice C．dream D．direction B　解析：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)空格后的“...end my life or...continue to”中的“or”可知，那晚“我”意識(shí)到“我”面臨著一個(gè)選擇。B項(xiàng)意為“選擇”，符合語(yǔ)境。 13．A.perform B．live C．work D．study B　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“end my life or I could continue to”可知，“我”考慮結(jié)束生命還是繼續(xù)活下去。live意為“生活，活著”，符合語(yǔ)境。 14．A.decided B．remembered C．demanded D．hoped A　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)下句中的“I was determined to”可知，“我”看著姐姐的眼睛，決定不跟她走。A項(xiàng)意為“決定”，符合語(yǔ)境。 15．A.leave B．take C．complete D．stop C　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“I was determined to stay”可知，“我”決定繼續(xù)活下去，走完自己的人生旅程。complete意為“完成”，符合語(yǔ)境。 16．A.year B．month C．moment D．week C　解析：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“spend quality time”可知，“我”和家人一起生活，“我”要珍惜每一刻和他們一起度過(guò)的時(shí)光，與下文中的“every moment”相呼應(yīng)。C項(xiàng)意為“一刻”，符合語(yǔ)境。 17．A.recognize B．realize C．understand D．ensure D　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)該句中的“my heart”以及“I am following my joy”可知，“我”要保證“我”過(guò)得快樂(lè)。D項(xiàng)意為“保證”，符合語(yǔ)境。 18．A.describe B．forget C．find D．miss D　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)上文可知，“我”深愛(ài)著“我”的父親和姐姐，所以沒(méi)有一天不在思念著他們。miss意為“思念”，符合語(yǔ)境。 19．A.joy B．scene C．entertainment D．luck A　解析：考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上文“I am following my joy”中“joy”的提示可知，此處是指“我”必須要抓住“我”能得到的每一刻的歡樂(lè)。 20．A.love B．repeat C．experience D．face A　解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句“I love myself more deeply every day.”可知，該句句意為：但是你選擇熱愛(ài)每一天的生活了嗎？A項(xiàng)意為“熱愛(ài)”，符合語(yǔ)境。 Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空 The Birth of Modern Poetry When 1. (talk) about poetry，most people will say that a poem is a text that has rhythm and rhyme.Famous are the lines by William Blake，which have clear rhythm and rhyme. Tiger，tiger，burning bright， In the forest of the night. 2． people will add that poems must have a certain form，with a fixed number of lines and a fixed rhyme pattern，such as a sonnet(十四行詩(shī))．With rhyme，most people mean the rhyme of sound of words at the end of the lines.It is also true that much of the 3. (class) poetry looks like that.Except for some short songs and poems 4. (include) in his plays，all of Shakespear’s 5. (great) poems are sonnets. John Milton was one of the first poets who started writing poems without rhyme at the end of the lines.He wrote other poems too，6. he is famous for his long poems without rhyme.After Milton，almost every poet had a hand at this kind of poetry that was free of rhyme.Wordsworth and Keats 7. (write) some such poems，but that is not what they are famous for.This style of poetry became known 8. free verse. It was not until the twentieth century that modern poetry was 9. (real) developed.Modern poets wanted to break with all the 10. (tradition) forms of poetry.One of the characteristics of modern poetry is that it usually does not have rhyme at the end of a line，and it is also often about common topics. 【文章大意】　本文主要介紹了現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌是怎樣從傳統(tǒng)詩(shī)歌發(fā)展而來(lái)的，并簡(jiǎn)要介紹了傳統(tǒng)詩(shī)歌與現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌的主要特點(diǎn)。 1．talking　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，故用talking。 2．Other　解析：考查代詞用法。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，另外一些人認(rèn)為詩(shī)歌肯定有某種形式。Other people意為“其他人，另外一些人”，符合語(yǔ)境。故填Other。 3．classical　解析：考查詞性變換。根據(jù)下文意思應(yīng)用形容詞。 4．included　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 5．greatest　解析：考查最高級(jí)。根據(jù)上下文意思應(yīng)用最高級(jí)。 6．but　解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前后兩句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but。句意：他也寫了其他的詩(shī)，但他以沒(méi)有韻律的長(zhǎng)詩(shī)而聞名。 7．wrote　解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，Wordsworth和Keats也寫過(guò)一些這樣的詩(shī)。所以此處write這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故填wrote。 8．a(chǎn)s　解析：考查介詞用法。句意：這種風(fēng)格的詩(shī)作為自由體詩(shī)變得被人熟知。介詞as意為“作為，以……的身份”，符合語(yǔ)境。 9．really　解析：考查副詞。句意：直到20世紀(jì)，現(xiàn)代詩(shī)才真正發(fā)展起來(lái)。動(dòng)詞develop之前應(yīng)用副詞修飾，所以應(yīng)填real的副詞形式really，意為“真正地”，符合語(yǔ)境。 10．traditional　解析：考查形容詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，現(xiàn)代詩(shī)想要打破詩(shī)歌所有的傳統(tǒng)形式。名詞forms的前面應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，所以此處應(yīng)填tradition的形容詞形式traditional，意為“傳統(tǒng)的”，符合語(yǔ)境。