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Unit 3 Challenging Yourself Ⅱ Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1． a mess，Jack! The books in your room are here and there. 答案：What 2．Our school appeals to the students (set) aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order to raise learning efficiency. 答案：to set 3．My father told me he didn’t have much (believe) in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. 答案：belief 4. “It was the most (terrify) experience of my life，” he said，“it is frightening even to think of it.” 答案：terrifying 5．People who harm others to benefit themselves are really (disgust)． 答案：disgusting 6．Keep him (inform) regardless of what has happened at home and abroad. 答案：informed 7．She told me to sort the papers that could be thrown away. 答案：out 8．Your suggestion sounds reasonable and (practice)．I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting. 答案：practical 9．However，at times this balance in nature is disturbed， (result) in a number of unforeseen effects. 答案：resulting 10．Mrs.Green didn’t realise there was a gap (exist) between her and her son. 答案：existing Ⅱ.閱讀理解 (2016臨沂高三模擬)I often teach about happiness and what has become clear is this: There are some qualities always unhappy people have. Here are some of them. Happy people know life can be hard and tend to live through hard times. They take responsibility for how they got themselves into a mess, and focus on getting themselves out of it as soon as possible. Unhappy people see themselves as victims of life and stay stuck in the “l(fā)ook what happened to me” attitude instead of finding a way through and out to the other side. Most happy people believe in the good in people instead of thinking everyone is out to get them. Generally open and friendly towards people they meet, happy people foster(培養(yǎng)) a sense of community around themselves and meet new people with all open heart. Unhappy people are distrustful of most people they meet and don’t think strangers can be trusted. Unfortunately, this behavior slowly closes all chances of meeting new friends. Unhappy people believe someone else’s good fortune steals from their own. They believe there’s not enough goodness to go around and always compare others’ against theirs. This leads to jealousy(嫉妒). Happy people know that others’ good luck and circumstance are just signs of what they also can achieve if they try hard enough. They believe in unlimited possibilities and don’t get stuck in thinking one person’s good fortune limits their possible outcome in life. There’s only so much space between the two ears. Unhappy people fill that space with constant worry and fear. Happy people experience fear and worry too, but make an important difference between feeling it and living with it. When fear or worry crosses a happy person’s mind, they’ll ask themselves if there’s an action they can take to prevent their fear or worry from happening and they take it. If not, they realize they’re spinning in fear and they lay it down. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹幸福的人和不幸福的人之間的觀點(diǎn)等的比較，希望人們都做一個幸福的人。 1．Paragraph 2 mainly shows that unhappy people tend to ． A．focus on what they really want B．get worried about what will happen C．stay focused on the past misfortunes D．find a way to live through hard times C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的Unhappy people see themselves as victims of life and stay stuck in the“l(fā)ook what happened to me” attitude instead of finding a way through and out to the other side.可知不幸福的人總是關(guān)注過去的不幸。故選C。 2．According to Paragraphs 3 and 4, unhappy people ． A．like making some new friends B．hate seeing others with good fortune C．a(chǎn)re more likely to be cheated by strangers D．believe they can get good luck by working hard B　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段的Unhappy people are distrustful of most people they meet and don’t think strangers can be trusted.Unfortunately，this behavior slowly closes all chances of meeting new friends.和第四段的They believe there’s not enough goodness to go around and always compare others’ against theirs.This leads to jealousy(嫉妒)．可知不幸福的人總是嫉妒好運(yùn)的人。故選B。 3．What is implied about happy people? A．They don’t think life is hard. B．They hardly ever fear anything. C．They try to get out of their fear or worries. D．They don’t believe in every people they meet. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的Happy people experience fear and worry too，but make an important difference between feeling it and living with it.When fear or worry crosses a happy person’s mind，they’ll ask themselves if there’s an action they can take to prevent their fear or worry from happening and they take it.可知幸福的人盡力擺脫恐懼和擔(dān)憂，故選C。 4．How is the text mainly developed? A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By showing detailed data. D．By providing some theories. A　解析：推理判斷題。A.By making comparisons通過比較；B.By giving examples通過舉例；C.By showing detailed data通過展示詳細(xì)的資料；D.By providing some theories通過提供一些理論。通讀全文可知該文章是通過比較幸福的人和不幸福的人展開的。故選A。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2016河北衡水中學(xué)模擬) Face adversity(逆境) with a smile I told my friend Graham that I often cycle the two miles from my house to the town centre but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route. He replied, “You mean 1 .”He explained that I should be glad of the 2 exercise that the hill provided. My 3 to the hill has now changed. I used to 4 as I approached it but now I tell myself the following. This hill will exercise my heart and lungs. It will help me to 5 and get fit. It will mean that I live longer. This hill is my friend. 6 ， I have a smile of 7 as I reach the top of the hill. Problems are there to be faced and 8 . We cannot achieve anything with a(n) 9 life. Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to 10 a University degree. She wrote, “Character cannot be 11 in ease and quiet. Only through 12 of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.” One of the main 13 of success in life is our attitude towards adversity. At times we all face hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties. 14 we cannot choose the adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it. Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs amputated(截肢) following a flying accident. He was 15 to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aces(擅長的人). He was a(n) 16 to others during the war. He said, “Don’t listen to anyone who tells you that you can’t do(this or that). That’s nonsense. 17 your mind, and you’ll never 18 crutches(拐杖) or a stick, then have a go at everything. Go to school, and join in all the games you can. Go 19 you want to. But never, never let them 20 you that things are too difficult or impossible.” 【文章大意】　這是一篇生活哲理性文章。作者用自己和Helen Keller及Douglas Bader的故事來論證主題：微笑面對失敗和困境。生活中，決定成敗的主要因素之一是我們對待逆境的態(tài)度。雖然我們不能避免逆境，但是我們能選擇面對它的態(tài)度。 1．A.slowly　　　　　　　 B．fortunately C．carefully D．quickly B　解析：slowly慢慢地；fortunately幸運(yùn)地；carefully認(rèn)真地；quickly快速地。根據(jù)下文的should be glad of the exercise 判斷對方告訴作者很幸運(yùn)能夠爬山。故選B。 2．A.abundant B．proper C．extra D．necessary C　解析：abundant豐富的；proper適當(dāng)?shù)?；extra額外的；necessary必要的。根據(jù)下文的provided可知應(yīng)是小山提供的額外鍛煉。故選C。 3．A.attitude B．a(chǎn)ccess C．entrance D．a(chǎn)ffection A　解析：attitude態(tài)度；access接近；entrance入口；affection熱愛。根據(jù)前文應(yīng)該是面對小山的態(tài)度改變了。倒數(shù)第二段中出現(xiàn)的choose our attitude towards it也是本題線索。故選A。 4．A.climb B．confuse C．comment D．complain D　解析：climb爬；confuse混亂；comment評論；complain抱怨。根據(jù)前文的態(tài)度改變了，應(yīng)該是“過去常常抱怨”。故選D。 5．A.put on weight B．gain weight C．lose weight D．take my weight C　解析：put on weight增加體重；gain weight增加重量；lose weight減肥；take my weight承受重量。C項(xiàng)符合語境。 6．A.Gradually B．Finally C．Rarely D．Approximately B　解析：Gradually逐漸地；Finally最后；Rarely很少，不常；Approximately大約。本句句意為“最后，當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂時我露出了滿足的笑容”。故選B。 7．A.satisfaction B．devotion C．decoration D．caution A　解析：satisfaction滿意；devotion投入；decoration裝飾；caution嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。根據(jù)上下文可知，登上了山，感到很滿足。故選A。 8．A.understood B．clarified C．defeated D．overcome D　解析：句意意為“我們需要面對和克服這些問題”。understand理解；clarify澄清，闡明；defeat普通用詞，多指在戰(zhàn)爭、比賽、競選或辯論中戰(zhàn)勝對手，側(cè)重勝利的暫時性；overcome克服，勝過。故選D。 9．A.tough B．difficult C．easy D．reasonable C　解析：tough艱苦的；difficult困難的；easy容易的；reasonable合情合理的。本句句意為“生活太容易了我們就會一事無成”。故選C。 10．A.gain B．a(chǎn)cquire C．a(chǎn)ccomplish D．a(chǎn)dmire A　解析：gain獲得；acquire獲得；accomplish完成；admire羨慕。這里指獲得了學(xué)位。gain指需要做出更大的努力，往往指通過競爭獲得某些有價值的東西。acquire指經(jīng)過不懈努力才獲得的技術(shù)、知識等抽象的東西，也指養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣等。故選A。 11．A.founded B．produced C．constructed D．developed D　解析：founded成立；produced產(chǎn)生；constructed建造；developed發(fā)展，形成。本句句意為“在舒適和安靜中不會形成個性。”故選D。 12．A.happiness B．experiences C．difficulties D．pressures B　解析：happiness幸福；experiences經(jīng)歷；difficulties困難；pressures壓力。本句句意為“只有經(jīng)歷過嘗試和磨難，才能增加信心、清晰視野、鼓舞斗志并且達(dá)到成功”。故選B。 13．A.emphasis B．conflicts C．factors D．powers C　解析：emphasis重點(diǎn)；conflicts沖突；factors因素；powers權(quán)力。只有“因素”才符合邏輯意義。決定人生成功與否的主要因素之一是我們對待逆境的態(tài)度。故選C。 14．A.While B．As C．Because D．If A　解析：While在……期間，盡管，雖然；As由于，因?yàn)?；Because因?yàn)椋籌f如果。while放于句首引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。句意為“雖然我們不能選擇逆境，但是我們可以選擇對待逆境的態(tài)度”。故選A。 15．A.devoted B．determined C．commanded D．forced B　解析：devoted獻(xiàn)身于；determined決定；commanded命令；forced強(qiáng)迫。Douglas Bader面對截肢，決心重新試飛。be determined to do sth.下定決心做某事。故選B。 16．A.appreciation B．qualification C．inspiration D．destination C　解析：appreciation欣賞，感激；qualification合格，稱職；inspiration激勵；destination目的。他對戰(zhàn)爭期間其他的人是一種激勵。故選C。 17．A.Open up B．Make up C．Come to D．Come into B　解析：open up開啟；make up編造；come to來到，談及；come into進(jìn)來。make up one’s mind下定決心。故選B。 18．A.reject B．deliver C．a(chǎn)bandon D．use D　解析：reject拒絕；deliver傳送；abandon拋棄；use使用。根據(jù)下文的crutches和a stick應(yīng)該是使用。故選D。 19．A.anywhere B．everywhere C．nowhere D．somewhere A　解析：anywhere任何地方；everywhere到處；nowhere沒有地方；somewhere某個地方。根據(jù)句意：你可以去任何你喜歡的地方。故選A。 20．A.advise B．a(chǎn)ttempt C．request D．persuade D　解析：advise建議；attempt嘗試；request要求；persuade勸服。根據(jù)句意：勸服自己世上無難事。故選D。 Ⅳ.語法填空 When you take a walk in any of the cities in the West，you often see a lot of people walking with dogs.It is still true that the dog is the 1. (use) and faithful animal in the world.But the reasons why people keep a dog 2. (change)．In the old days，people used to train dogs to protect 3. (them) against the attacks by other beasts.And later they came 4. (realize) that the dog was not only useful 5. willing to obey its master.For example，when people used dogs for hunting，the dogs would not eat what they caught without 6. (permit)．But now people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks of animals.Why do they keep dogs，then？Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery，but the 7. (important) reason is for companionship.For a child，8. dog is his best friend when he has no friends to play with; for young couples，a dog is 9. child when they have no children; for old couples，a dog is also their child when their real children have grown up.So the main reason why people keep dogs 10. (change) from protection to friendship. 1．most useful　解析：考查最高級。此處是說“狗是世界上最有用和最忠實(shí)的動物?！? 2．have changed　解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。人們養(yǎng)狗的原因已經(jīng)變了，此處用現(xiàn)在完成時表示結(jié)果。 3．themselves　解析：考查反身代詞。句意：過去，人們常常訓(xùn)練狗，以保護(hù)他們自己免受其他野獸的襲擊。由下文，But now people in the city need not protect themselves against attacks of animals也可知答案。 4．to realize　解析：考查非謂語動詞的用法。意為“后來他們逐漸認(rèn)識到……”。 5．but (also)　解析：考查固定句式。not only...but(also)．..“不僅……而且……”，此處表示“狗不僅有用而且愿意服從主人的命令”。 6．permission　解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。permission“許可”。 7．most important　解析：考查形容詞的最高級形式。此處講述養(yǎng)狗的原因，其中最重要的原因是狗可以陪伴主人。 8．a(chǎn)　解析：考查不定冠詞的用法。此處用不定冠詞表示泛指，意為“對于孩子來說，當(dāng)他沒有朋友一起玩時狗是他最好的朋友”。 9．their　解析：考查物主代詞的用法。此處名詞前缺少限定詞，由前面的“young couples”可知此處應(yīng)用their。 10．has changed　解析：考查時態(tài)。人們養(yǎng)狗的原因已經(jīng)從保護(hù)變成了友誼。由句意及主語可知此處填has changed。