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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計 附 錄 座椅的清潔 　 清潔座椅由于座椅在車內(nèi)占了大部分的面積，每個人都坐在上面，沾上臟東西的時候，建議使用長毛的刷子和吸力強的吸塵器的吸口把污物吸出來，對于不同材質(zhì)的座椅使用此方法都有很好的清潔效果。 　　對于特別臟的座椅，清潔時就沒有那么簡單了，要進行幾個步驟才能徹底打掃干凈。首先，用毛刷子清洗較臟的局部，比如較大污漬，垃圾等；然后，用干凈的抹布蘸少量的中 性洗液，在半干半濕的情況下，全面擦拭座椅表面，特別要注意的是，抹布一定要擰干，以防止多余的水分。 清洗地毯汽車?yán)锩孀钊菀着K的就是地毯，汽車本身自帶的地毯基本是和汽車一體的，不容易拆下來清潔，最好在汽車內(nèi)放置活動的腳墊。如果腳墊不太臟的話，拿到車外拍打就可以了。如果使用毛刷頭的吸塵器進行吸塵處理的話，可以使較臟的地毯看上去不那么臟亂。對于更加臟一些的地毯，就只能動用洗滌劑了，在洗滌前先進行上述兩項除塵工作，然后噴灑適量的洗滌劑，用刷子刷洗干凈，最后用干凈的抹布將多余的洗滌劑吸掉就可以了。 　　整個冬季，汽車始終在車窗緊閉，日照不足的情況下行駛，車廂內(nèi)空氣混濁；內(nèi)飾件色澤灰暗，細菌滋生；坐墊、地毯等絨毛位置遍布螨蟲。隨著天氣轉(zhuǎn)暖，這些螨蟲將大量繁殖，會引發(fā)過敏、鼻炎、哮喘等多種疾病。所以在春季到來時，您一定要給愛車做一次內(nèi)飾清潔殺菌護理。 　　由于坐椅在車內(nèi)占了大部分的面積，而且與人體接觸最多、最直接，沾上臟東西會使人很不舒服。對于非真皮面料的坐椅來說，如果不是很臟，可以把長毛刷子與吸力強的吸塵器配合使用，一邊刷坐椅表面一邊用吸塵器把污物吸出來。 如果坐椅特別臟，往往還需要進行幾個步驟才能徹底打掃干凈。首先，用毛刷子清洗較臟的局部，比如較大的污點、污垢等；然后用干凈的抹布沾上少量的中性洗滌液，在半干半濕的狀態(tài)下，全面擦拭坐椅表面。 特別值得注意的是，抹布一定要擰干，以防水分滲入坐椅的海綿中，使坐椅不容易干燥，同時還容易重新吸附灰塵。還需要再用吸塵器對坐椅清潔一下，以使其盡快干爽起來專業(yè)的車內(nèi)清潔美容程序嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)復(fù)雜。首先，要用大功率的真空吸塵器吸去表面及深層 塵土，我們一般的家用或車用吸塵器的吸入功率小，深層塵土無法吸出。做完吸塵，再把專用的絨毛清洗藥液噴灑到汽車頂篷、地毯、絨座椅、門幫等絨布位置，用毛刷徹底刷洗，并用純棉毛巾將污跡吸收。由于絨毛清洗劑性質(zhì)溫和，清洗后，絨布位置膨松柔軟，不留污痕。如果是真皮座椅的話，就要用皮塑護理劑進行清潔和護理，才能達到既清潔又保持皮質(zhì)柔軟的效果。像儀表臺、方向盤、擋位區(qū)等塑膠件部位也要進行徹底刷洗，如風(fēng)道口塵土過厚還要拆下清洗。 　　汽車真皮座椅小常識：現(xiàn)在中國人的汽車80％以上都是真皮座椅，因為真皮座椅美觀耐用，容易清理，與人體表皮功能接近，觸感舒適，其毛細孔具又良好的透氣性，表面平滑。另外真皮座墊不易燃燒，不怕煙蒂燒破，還可增加制冷效果，節(jié)省空調(diào)燃燒消耗等優(yōu)點，在國人眼中真皮座椅是高貴豪華的象征。但很多人堆如何保養(yǎng)清潔卻知甚少。 要了解如何保養(yǎng)清潔真皮，那就要對皮有個深刻的了解。汽車同家用皮衣、皮鞋、皮料、完全不同，汽車皮從制作原料上分為黃牛皮和水牛皮兩種。其中以黃牛皮為主要原料，黃牛皮具又質(zhì)量柔軟，彈性好，毛孔細密等優(yōu)點。 　　從制作工藝上又可以分為頭層皮和二層皮，頭層皮革手感及柔軟度好，比較耐用。二層皮革張幅小，手感硬屈折性差，使用壽命短，故價格差比較大，還有就是產(chǎn)地的差別，一般有五個級別，分別是意大利皮、德國皮、南韓皮、泰國皮、和國產(chǎn)皮。由于真皮每天都要同人體有接觸，所以給真皮帶來最大危害的就是人體的油脂，還有一些來自外界的其它損害也對真皮座墊有著極大危害。如果長時間不進行養(yǎng)護的話，就會造成皮質(zhì)變硬變臟，最后結(jié)果就是產(chǎn)生龜裂，所以認真保養(yǎng)對于真皮座墊來說是至關(guān)重要的 。 現(xiàn)今專業(yè)皮革清潔用品一般采用皮革專業(yè)柔軟清潔劑。這種清潔劑具有去污柔和，無溶解性，不會傷害皮質(zhì)也不會影響皮革的原貌或光亮度等特點，對環(huán)境和皮革具有良好的保養(yǎng)作用。 車內(nèi)清洗完，還要把后備箱清洗干凈。許多司機把后備箱當(dāng)成儲物箱，后備箱成了全車最臟細菌最多的地方。清洗時要把所有雜物取出，用藥液徹底刷洗干凈。 全車清洗完成后，就要進行第二步：高溫殺菌，即我們常說的“汽車桑拿”。因為許多細菌，比如螨蟲，肉眼看不到，也刷洗不掉，只有用汽車蒸汽機將殺菌藥液加溫到100度再霧化噴出。當(dāng)車廂及后備箱內(nèi)充滿霧化藥液后封閉10分鐘，藥液全部滲透到車體里，才能達到消毒殺菌的作用，并可留下淡淡的芳香。 　　殺菌完成后，就要進行下一步程序：上光護理。車內(nèi)塑膠部件在清洗后還要打上保護劑，即增亮增艷，同時防止飾件褪色、老化。一些美容店為圖省事，會用罐裝表板蠟噴到塑膠件上，這樣做，既不利于保護劑的滲透，還會濺到擋風(fēng)玻璃或汽車漆面上，形成油點痕跡。為最后一步的玻璃清潔工作帶來困難，造成很長一段時間內(nèi)前風(fēng)擋玻璃油污一片的現(xiàn)象。正確的方法是，用軟毛巾將塑膠保護液輕輕涂抹到相應(yīng)位置，最后用干凈毛巾將浮油擦凈。車內(nèi)原有的座套、腳墊等如果過于陳舊，建議您一并更換，保證車內(nèi)空氣的徹底清新。后備箱里也要配好成型的后備箱墊和儲物箱，防止油污或其它臟東西的再次污染。 SEAT CLEAN 　　 Due to the seat in the car cleaning seat for most of the area, everyone sits above, with dirty thing, it is recommended to use hair brush and strong attraction to the mouthpiece of the vacuum suction for different contamination of the seat material used this method has good cleaning effect. 　　For special dirty cleaning seat, not so simple, want to undertake a few steps can thoroughly clean. First, by the dirty cleaning brush partial, such as larger besmirch, rubbish, etc. Then, with a clean dishcloth small Sexual lotion, in half dry half wet conditions, comprehensive wipe seat surface, paying special attention to, twist dry dishcloth must, in order to prevent excess moisture. 　　The car carpet cleaning the carpet is the most easy dirty, automobile cabin is basic the carpet itself and the car, not easy to clean, best down in automobile placed in the mat. Activity If the pads not too dirty words, got the car slapping. If use brush head cleaner for handling, can make the aspiration of a dirty carpet looks not so untidy. For some of the more dirty carpet, can use detergent, before catharsis dust on the first two, then spray adequate scour scrub clean, brush with a clean cloth, finally will spare detergent can suck. 　　Throughout the winter, car Windows closed and sunshine throughout the insufficiency of carriage driving, the air inside cloudy, Trim color gloomy, bacterial growth, Cushion, carpet nap position throughout mite. As the weather warmed up, these mite will multiply, can cause allergic rhinitis, asthma, and other diseases. So in the spring arrives, you must give a car interior clean sterilization nursing. Due to sit in the car for most of the area, and contact with most, the most direct, touch dirt will make people uncomfortable. For the leather fabrics, if not just very dirty, can brush hair with strong attraction, the cleaner brush aside seating surfaces absorb the dirt with cleaner. 　　If the chair special dirty, often also needs a few steps can thoroughly clean. First, by the dirty cleaning brush partial, such as larger stain, dirt, etc, Then use clean dishcloth with small amounts of neutral detergent, in a dry and wet conditions, wipe chair surface.Especially, it is worth noting, twist dry dishcloth must, in case the moisture infiltration of sponge chair, chair is not easy to dry, also easy to absorb dust. Still need reoccupy cleaner is to sit chair clean, dry up as soon as possible in order to make its professional car cleaning procedure rigorous complicated beauty. Above all, want to use the high vacuum cleaner to surface and deepDust, our common household or dust cleaner, deep breathing dust cannot absorb. Finish, again for dust cleaning solution spray to car fluffy carpet nap, institute, seat, door to help, etc, brush with wool flannel with cotton towels, scrub thoroughly absorbed. Will smear Mild detergent nap because after cleaning, flannelette position, leavening soft. If you are leather seats with skin clean and plastic nursing care agent, can achieve clean and maintain coriaceous softness. Like instrument platform, steering wheel, such pieces of plastic parts tests area will thoroughly scrub, wind canal to tear down too thick dust cleaning. 　　Automotive leather seats little common sense: now, more than 80% of the Chinese car is leather seats, because dermal seat beautiful and durable, easy to clean, and human skin to feel comfortable, function, with its wool stoma and good air permeability, surface smoothness. Another dermal seat cushion, fear not burning cigarette burns, still can increase the cooling effect, save consumption advantages, such as air combustion abbreviated dermal seat is the symbol of luxurious nobility. But how many Monroe maintain clean has little knowledge. To understand how to maintain clean leather, it will have a profound understanding of skin. Automotive leather, leather shoes with household, leather, completely different from making materials, auto water and leather can be divided in leather. With ox skin as main raw materials, cattle leather and quality soft, elastic, pores close, etc. 　　From the production process and can be divided into the head skin and skin, head layer 2 leather handle and softness, more durable. Second, small leather piece of hardware, use inflectional sex life is short, so the price difference is big, also is the origin of the difference, generally have five levels, respectively is Italy, Germany, South Korea, Thailand, and domestic skin. Because every day with human dermis, so have the maximum damage to leather is human body, and some of the oil from the outside of the other damage leather seat cushion has great harm. If long time no maintenance, will cause cortical harden become dirty, and the result is so serious cracks and maintenance for leather seat cushion is essential. 　　Nowadays professional leather cleaning products generally adopted professional soft leather cleaner. The cleaner with downy, no solubility, won't hurt cortex will not affect leather characteristics, such as original or brightness of environment and leather with good maintenance function. After cleaning the car, washing clean trunk. Many of the driver trunk as a locker, all the dirty trunk became the most bacteria. When cleaning out all the impurities, scrub clean thoroughly solution. After cleaning the car to the second step:, that we often high-temperature sterilization, "auto sauna". Because many bacteria, such as mite, invisible, scrub with cars, only to be liquor heating steam sterilization 100 degrees out again atomization. When the car and backup box full of atomization solution after 10 minutes, all closed liquor body, can permeate the disinfection antiseptic effect, and can leave subtle aromas. 　　Sterilization, after the completion of the program: glazing to nurse. After cleaning car components in the play will brighten, namely, increasing protective colourful and prevent trim fade, aging. Some body, can use for hooking panels wax spray cans and plastic parts to do so, neither against the permeability, protective splashed windshield or car lacquer face, forming grease spots. For the last step of cleaning glass, causing a long time before the windshield of oil. Accurate method is to use soft towel, plastic to protect liquid gently daub appropriate position to end with a clean towel, float oil rub-up. The original seatcover, pads car etc if too old, suggest you replace, ensure the fresh air vehicle thoroughly. The trunk should also prepare the trunk of molding and locker, prevent oil or other dirty things pollute again 1 黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 23