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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計 摘 要 目前，減少車輛的油料消耗和廢氣排放量是車輛節(jié)能和環(huán)境保護的一個迫切問題。為了減少城市內(nèi)交通車輛的耗油量和所排放的廢氣，將車輛制動等過程中轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊崮艿膭幽芗右曰厥绽檬且粋€值得研究的問題。 本設(shè)計屬于再生制動能量的研究范圍，研究以汽車減速及制動能量回收再利用為目的的液壓節(jié)能驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)由液壓技術(shù)、傳動技術(shù)、控制技術(shù)相結(jié)合實現(xiàn)車輛的低油耗、低排放，并有效地提高車輛的動力性能，是現(xiàn)有汽車節(jié)能、環(huán)保的重要途徑。 本系統(tǒng)采用定量泵/馬達，氣囊式蓄能器為能量轉(zhuǎn)換及貯存部件，實現(xiàn)制動時的動能回收和啟動加速的液壓能回饋。 系統(tǒng)中，車輛的加速與減速通過改變泵/馬達的使用功能來實現(xiàn)，加速時，泵/馬達作為馬達使用，制動時，作為泵用。因此，配有該系統(tǒng)的車輛，即可以回收動能，還能夠再利用這些能量進行加速、啟動。而能量回收的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)是如何將制動時的能量加以保存，也就是能量回收系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計。在本設(shè)計中，系統(tǒng)采用的是液壓蓄能器。 本文針對城市公交車輛研究的能量回收系統(tǒng)可望達到較高的節(jié)能效果，具有較高的經(jīng)濟效益和社會效益。 關(guān)鍵詞：公交車；節(jié)能；泵/馬達；動能；蓄能器  ABSTRACT Today it becomes very urgent problems to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust gases from road vehicles for environmental protection. In order to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust gases from road vehicle, the kinetic energy that might otherwise be lost as heat during vehicle braking might be received and used. This design belongs to the research of the third aspect, the compound drive system is used to regenerate the loss energy. The low oil consumption and low bleeder of vehicle are achieved by using of transmission, hydraulic power control. And the compound drive system works harmoniously with engine to raise the motive capability effectively. It is the important way of automobile saving energy and environmental protection. Hydraulic pump/motor and hydraulic accumulation are used to transform a store energy, therefore it can regenerate the loss energy during vehicle braking and use this energy when automobile is in acceleration state. In this system, both driving and braking torque of the vehicle are controlled by a pump/motor. The pump/motor is used as a motor during the vehicle acceleration and as a pump when the vehicle being on braking. As a result, the vehicles with this system can not recover the kinetic energy from moving object but also use the energy at braking, namely the design of energy recovery system. In this design, the energy recovery system uses a hydraulic accumulator. This system is expected to reduce fuel consumption, especially compared with vehicle without this system. It will bring extremely high economic and social benefits . Key words: City bus; Energy Saving; Hydraulic pump/motor; Hydraulic power; Accumulator Ⅱ