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編號
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
題目： 可四輪定位四柱式汽車舉升機設(shè)計
信機 系 機械工程及自動化 專業(yè)
學(xué) 號：
學(xué)生姓名：
指導(dǎo)教師： （職稱:教授）
（職稱： ）
2013年5月25日
無錫太湖學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
誠 信 承 諾 書
本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 可四輪定位四柱式汽車舉升機設(shè)計 是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨立進行研究所取得的成果，其內(nèi)容除了在畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）中特別加以標(biāo)注引用，表示致謝的內(nèi)容外，本畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）不包含任何其他個人、集體已發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。
班 級：
學(xué) 號：
作者姓名：
2013 年 5 月 25 日
編號
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
相關(guān)資料
題目：可四輪定位四柱式汽車舉升機設(shè)計
信機 系 機械工程及自動化專業(yè)
學(xué) 號：
學(xué)生姓名：
指導(dǎo)教師： (職稱:教授)
2013年5月25日
目 錄
一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）開題報告
二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文
三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計劃、進度、檢查及落實表”
四、實習(xí)鑒定表
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
開題報告
題目：可四輪定位四柱式汽車舉升機設(shè)計
信機 系 機械工程及自動化專業(yè)
學(xué) 號：
學(xué)生姓名：
指導(dǎo)教師： （職稱:教授）
（職稱： ）
年 月
課題來源
深圳元征公司
科學(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢；應(yīng)用前景等）
隨著汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展,汽車維修工業(yè)也迅速壯大。作為汽車維修用的必備之一的汽車舉升機的制造業(yè)也如雨后春筍般的涌現(xiàn)。但符合國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的不多,中高檔層次的舉升機沒有,深圳元征公司要求設(shè)計符合國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的舉升機,以進入國際市場。對于汽車維修企業(yè)來說，汽車舉升機可能是除廠房外的最重要的投資,因為它具有至關(guān)重要和不可替代的作用，甚至直接影響到汽車維修業(yè)務(wù)的興衰。汽車舉升機是汽車維修設(shè)備行業(yè)的支柱設(shè)備之一,讓我們生產(chǎn)出更多、更好、更受用戶歡迎的汽車舉升機,為汽車維修企業(yè)服務(wù)。
研究內(nèi)容
最大舉升質(zhì)量4000公斤；最大舉升高度1700毫米；可用于四輪定位的四柱式舉升機；符合汽車舉升機行業(yè)安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實驗方案及可行性分析
四柱舉升機有四根立柱、兩根橫梁、用于支撐汽車的兩個臺板。舉升前,汽車很容易正確無誤的駛上四柱舉升機的臺板。由于臺板內(nèi)側(cè)設(shè)備有凸緣,當(dāng)汽車駛上臺板時也不致于墜入其間的空隙中,車輪支承型四柱舉升機的優(yōu)點是:第一,舉升機裝載汽車時勿需較高的技術(shù),操作又很簡單;第二,承載時非常穩(wěn)定;第三，支承載荷受力簡單,應(yīng)力較低,從而延長了設(shè)備的使用壽命;第四,由于具有較高的使用價值,從經(jīng)濟上來看也是合算的;第五,易于維修;第六,在車間現(xiàn)場進行安裝也較方便，只要地面平坦,其混凝土厚度能夠牢固立柱的地腳螺栓即可。四柱舉升機的缺點是:和雙柱舉升機相比,占地面積較大,對汽車檢修區(qū)域的可接近性差。
研究計劃及預(yù)期成果
了解舉升機的工作原理,畫出舉升機的裝配圖和各零件圖。
完成舉升機的設(shè)計和說明書。
特色或創(chuàng)新之處
在保證強度和剛度的前提下,盡可能降低舉升機臺板和橫梁的高度;這樣既便于汽車駛上舉升機,又使駛上臺板的斜面長度盡可能短,節(jié)約車間的占地。在條件許可時舉升機臺板(或橫梁)選擇專用型鋼或用鋼板折彎成形。
利用液壓結(jié)構(gòu)在汽車舉升機構(gòu)中具有明顯優(yōu)勢。
已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題
已具備的條件：電腦；相關(guān)開發(fā)軟件；部分技術(shù)資料。
尚需解決的問題：確定產(chǎn)品的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸和技術(shù)要求；逆向設(shè)計建立三維數(shù)模；總成運動仿真校核。
指導(dǎo)教師意見
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
年 月 日
教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見
教研室主任簽名：
年 月 日
系意見
主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名：
年 月 日
英文原文
Lift
Auto lift refers to vehicle repair industry for the lifting of the steam guarantees the equipment. Lift in automobile maintenance and curing plays a very important role, whether the vehicle overhaul, or minor repairs and maintenance, are inseparable from it, and its products have a direct impact on nature and quality maintenance personnel safety. The scale of maintenance and curing enterprises, whether maintenance range of vehicles comprehensive repair shop, or business scope single street shop (such as tire store), almost all equipped with lifting machine.
From 1990's, domestic lifting machine gradually became popular in China, with the increase of auto possession, lift as an important tool for car maintenance, demand too greatly increased. Now lift market has nearly 100 Chinese and foreign brand, product series hundreds of thousands. Lift foreign famous brand has bend - Rotary, pak, domestic have antell force, million force AMREOC, jinhua (open JIG), han MaiKeSen, sequence of, yuan levy, so f, extensive force, etc.
classification
Foreign brands though prices higher, but rely on its product quality, stable performance, the equipment is simple, established in dealers good reputation. As in recent years the development of domestic lifting machine industry, no matter in product design, technical development or after-sales service, were a lot of improvement, sales have greatly improved.
Lifting machine according to the function and shapes points, can generally be divided into, two columns, four-column, scissor three categories.
use
According to the function can be divided into four-wheel location type peace plate; According to occupy space can be divided into the ground type and Tibetan; The ground type, suitable for without any repair mode, some on the floor slabs not suitable to install two column lift and ordinary four-column lift, and the machine and floor surface wide, so you can drive can be installed in any of the floor above, resolve customer site problem. Scissor lift than two columns and four-column lift the biggest advantage is not taking up space, convenient use, the deficiency is fill oil balance is very strict, and the need to have control box, cost is more expensive.
Four-column lift product features
1, lift up to maximum lifting height limit a switch can automatically automatically cut off the power of hydraulic pump circuit.
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2, powerful high-horsepower motor.
3, lifting ability reach 350 tons.
4, safe and reliable insurance device.
5, practical design.
6, low noise, low vibration design.
7, expanded lift platform width.
8, spacious operation space.
9, 100% prevent cylinders spills.
10, electric hydraulic type second lifting.
11, import reversing valves, manual directional control, electric reversing two models to choose from.
Zimu scissor lift product features
1, each lifting machine is equipped with a small cut, this small cut with the Lord with the same hydraulic balance control cut, the maximum lifting height way 400mm ascension.
2, the four-wheel location with high precision. The hydraulic oil cylinder deputy Lord of the way that the system has the following advantages: balance
No link rod, work and comfortable, barrier-free, the distance between the running boards can be adjusted freely.
3 and the minimum height, can only 220mm above ground installation for reducing costs.
4, photoelectric switch detection by lifting balanced guarantees vehicle safety.
5 all the oil cylinder, equipment installed explosion-proof valve, prevent oil cylinder failure safety after a sudden decrease guarantee.
The world's first unique inversion oil cylinder two columns lifting machine
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In response, the independent development of countryside policy motor repair the world first inversion double oil cylinder column lift, the operation is simple, lifting machine of the space is little, the price is cheap, very appropriate in the country with TouJian pits.
Lifting machine USES the principal deputy oil cylinder and lifting more stable.
Unilateral manual to unlock, operation more convenient.
Equipment design is exquisite, convenient installation.
Equipment for 2300mm within the span only, saving field.
Automatic protection turned arms.
Use cross square tube, the strength of the sliding Taiwan increased by 50% or more.
Lifting machine adopts maintenance-free sliding sets the slider.
Powder painting, surface more luster, more durable, more durable.
Lift safety operation procedures
A, should remove lift before use near the fixture and sundry hamper operations, and check whether normal operating handles.
Second, operating mechanism sensitive effective, hydraulic system are not allowed to have crawled phenomenon.
Third, a car, four teams in same plane Angle should, adjust a horn pads height make its contact vehicle chassis support area.
Four, a car, not too high, branch of the vehicle team up to lock after four bracket.
Five, stay after lifting vehicles should be into lifting machine support block to adjust the model provisions are moving the lifting point.
Six, lift at personnel should leave vehicles, lifting to need highly, must insert insurance locking pin, and ensure safe and reliable to start underneath the car homework.
Seven, except subsidies and minor repairs project outside, other trival heavy lifter operation that may in the operation of repair.
Eight, the lifter not frequent fluctuations.
Nine, a car lifting want firm, landing to slow.
Ten, someone operations lifting lift is strictly prohibited.
Eleven, found that the operator is ineffective, not synchronous motor, bracket uneven or hydraulic parts shall promptly report, leakage of oil, not in spite of operation.
Twelve, homework finished should remove debris, clean the lift around to keep site neat.
Thirteen, regular (half an year) ruled out lifting oil cylinder seeper, check and the amount of oil, the oil is enough should be timely refill the same brand of pressure oil. At the same time should check lubrication, lift transmission gears and sew bar.
Auto four-wheel use method and the matters needing attention
One, get on preparatory work before:
Tested vehicles driving on lifting machine before, needs to check whether the four wheels tire pressure conforms to the standard tire pressure. Whether badly worn tread pattern. Sure lift two bearing plate width and the tested vehicles before and after the wheelbase in line, then lift troops to its lowest point, ensure corner after the plate and the board after into fixed pin, then will be measured on lifting machine vehicles. Vehicles in lifting machine should be in front, don't make the body to askew. The two front wheel will fall vehicle in two corner, and the center of the disk on the disc to Angle plate in tire uniform distribution of both sides. Vehicle flameout, pull handcuffed brake, shake her left side, window glass driver left vehicles. Operator need forcibly pressure respectively the front and the rear bodywork, to make the vehicle suspension reset. After the installation four during production.
Second, installation fixture:
According to the test vehicle wheels to adjust size fixture. First LongZhao position, below two adjustment to the right size position, then adjust the length of two card arm out. The first two LongZhao below, in the top of the steel wheel, then raised outside edge, and loosen the LongZhao above the knob, adjust its position, that is also in the top of the steel wheel is raised outside, and then tighten the knob. The next step is to use his hands and promote activity in the fastener rod, to make CARDS in the wheels can card arm, then hang security within the tattoo hook, check fixtures is installed firmly.
Three, installation controller is equipped:
According to the corresponding four sensors installed to the wheels of the fixture position. Should pay attention to in the positioning shaft sensor to daub sparse of lubricating oil (cannot besmear butter), in order to prevent the long time after insertion caused wear, can't accurate positioning shaft installed in place, affect the measurement precision. Connecting communication cable and Angle to disk cables. The arrow on the cable plug sockets and of the arrow after, you can directly inserted. Four cable length of the difference just is different, the two root 6.5 meters cable is used for connecting controller is equipped with two front's sensors, two 4.5 meters in the cable is mutual connection. Before and after sensor Each sensor has three socket, above two are the same, the one below is used for connecting corner plates. Cable connection good after, unplug corner after the plate and skateboard fixed pin. Give the vehicle lifting the lowest lift down the safety lock up the grid position, in order to ensure lifting platform in horizontal status. On the sensor and controller is equipped power indicator, press R key or the corresponding position key activation each sensor, after the sensor is put on the level of fixed the knob, tighten the bubble in roughly the level of position.
Four, operation controller is equipped:
Boot after, batch program will automatically into measurement procedures for user's initial status for the next step, the operation. According to move to the next step can be F3 keys. Screen "TEST", said that the system was refreshed memories of last measurement information. Then program started measuring steps. Step four main points measuring steps, the first is the measure, including preparation of the input registration forms, select models and deviation of compensation. Input the registration form: contains various customer information, can choose any want to input project, and the future of the project can be according to the input to mix the measurement results data. PaiZhaoHao or maintenance, can generally vehicles single Numbers to enter the corresponding entries for future submitted. Input information can be English letters and Numbers, no Chinese character input. Fill out the form, by F3 after entering models choose interface. Choose the corresponding to the test vehicle models, if need to do after deviation of compensation, then the advance, or press F4 F3 stop. With deviation compensation: if the fixture is used, the only one in rapid fixture serious damage degree when straps, they need to do with deviation compensation (for PassatB5 AudiA6 or before must do, measurement for deviation compensation); If the use of peeling, the fixture since for all vehicles must do with deviation compensation. Do the deviation of compensation points: (1) tire rotation direction should be vehicles moving direction of rotation.
(2) adjustment before detection: installed controller is equipped with brakes locked. Equipment Enter adjustment before detecting steps, steering wheel will appear on the screen to it pattern. In the green area, says acceptable range, but on both sides of the green range around the measurement results, can differ about five points. Therefore, it is best to in the green zone of arrows in the middle in the black. The steering wheel in the order: first, then turn right, then left 20 degrees to 20 degrees, then. Measured at the screen when the front wheel beam. According to measurements F3 button to enter the maximum rotation Angle plate, using electronic steps through the steps the controller is equipped can be automatic measure the maximum total corner. Firstly, then according to the steering wheel in errov screen, remove both front sensor. Stay screen displays the measured, after waiting for picture to the right until the steering wheel continuous play motionless, then a steady living so far not let go. Wait until after continuous measurement to the right, then play the steering wheel so until dozen don't move, and then a steady living not let go. Wait until after the end of automatic measurement, screen showed all the measurement data. Reload the two front sensor, if measured data, adjustable scope of more than allow the data, it can adjust steps into position.
Positioning adjustment: do positioning adjustment before, first with a steering wheel lock will steering wheel fixed into horizontal rises again to proper adjustment of lifting machine, will lift high level security position in the lock. Adjusted for four sensors horizontal status, then operate controller is equipped into position adjustment operation. Adjust program will first display vehicles the measured value of the rear axle a parameters, if vehicle rear-axle parameters is adjustable (most vehicles rear-axle positioning parameter is unable to adjust), then the screen can consult to adjust, screen data at the data will display the current adjusted parameters data. Rear-axle positioning parameters adjustment, by F3 after may enter front axle tuning steps. Camber Angle adjustment p-s-n according to the structure of the vehicle chassis, can be divided into two kinds, one kind is need to lift shaft can be adjusted to front wheel impending camber Angle; Another kind is need not lifting front axle camber Angle can be adjusted.
The need for lifting the front axle camber Angle adjustment, its position adjustment of vehicle steps as follows:
1) according to the screen F3 key until p-s-n adjust the picture. This screen also showed that the front axle of the five positioning parameter values, they were: left, right wheel, left, right, camber Angle front wheel bundle, total before former beam. Then press F7 keys, screen SVRMGR >, hints you now can use second lifter will lift the front axle vehicles. In your vehicle with secondary lifting will lift shaft, then press F3 key after going forward, this screen camber Angle data right wheels. Now you can according to the screen display camber Angle adjustment data.
2) adjust the left, right after the camber Angle, wheel, then according to the F3 keys on the screen "can now will be second lifting down" clew, right now can put down second lifting, when vehicles in lift platform front fell steadily honked vehicle front axle after the suspension parts, down a few times, to make the vehicle suspension reset p-s-n. Vehicles put good, then press, when screen F3 keys back on the front axle adjust the picture.
3) can now, adjust the picture in front of the left and right according to show about former bunch of value adjustment round wheels. Before bundle When former bundles and a total right wheels are well adjusted before beam and press F4 keys end positioning adjustment process.
4) to need not lifting front axle camber Angle adjustment, then can the vehicle in front axle, adjust the picture camber Angle adjustment according to the first, and then the order and beam before adjust reference screen real-time display, the parameters of the value adjusted respectively camber Angle, or so ago about values. Bundle Adjusted by F4, after adjustment process end positioning.
Adjusted to detect: lifting when measuring the troops back to adjust the height of before, will lift the lock in horizontal safe place. Enter adjusted, when measured steps showed on the screen of the two front current value. Before alone bundle According to the remaining steps forward, F3 adjustment before testing steps with same.
If on the steps of the two front wheel display before alone adjustment process and the position of the beam value in former bunch of value adjustment good have bigger difference, the reason probably because in after adjustment, the process of vehicle fell down, the steering wheel position changed, killing the two front wheel position change. So each wheel alone with former bunch of value orientation for the adjustment of different values, but front wheel won't change. Total former bundle But because after adjusting when entering test shown before the front wheel of single beam value will be record and the final measurement results, which makes the displayed in the front wheels alone adjustment results report before may bundle value unqualified. But the reality is front wheel always is qualified, former beam steering wheel not only because to former bunch of value in allowing alone outside its range. To prevent this appear, in adjusted, if found in measuring steps each wheel shown before alone adjustment and the position of the beam value is not the same as the value, according to a larger F3 forward, to the screen in until after the steering wheel in here is on, steering wheel. Then press F4 key exit after adjusting the detecting steps, then re-enter adjusted detecting steps. Right now because of the previous step to the steering wheel, so should be displayed on the screen of the steering wheel in cases before beam value, the value of just what we need. If former bunch of value in the permissible, indicates that location adjustment qualified, if the former bunch of value is still not qualified, indicates that a step up positioning adjustment is not ready, still need to be adjusted step back to the positioning again again adjustments.
Finally shows measurement adjustment results are given statements adjustment before measured values, and the measured value standard after adjusting to adjust for after the final result measurements. Therefore, if the measurements, after adjusting the parameters of the existing can adjust the data is unqualified, it will need to return to the localization tuning steps to adjust. To move the cursor moves to measure the printer icon adjustment results statements position, then press the return key confirmed that can print a complete measuring adjustment results report. After printing, the measured results will be preserved for later can shifting gear query. If not print, then measured results data would be lost. If you want to save the measurement data, and don't want to print, can be in print before closing printer, again printing operations. The system will automatically ge