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111 必修2　 Unit 1　Cultural relics 要 點 梳 理 高效梳理·知識備考 ●重點單詞 1．valuable adj.貴重的；有價值的→value n．價值 v．估價→invaluable adj.無法估價的，無價的 2．survive vi.幸免；；生幸存還→survivor n．幸存者→survival n．幸存，存活 3．a(chǎn)maze vt.使吃驚；驚訝→amazing adj.令人吃驚的→ amazed adj.感到吃驚的→amazement n．驚奇，驚異 4．select vt.挑選；選擇→selective adj.有選擇性的 5．design n．設(shè)計；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計；計劃；構(gòu)思→designer n．設(shè)計者 6．decorate v．裝飾；裝修→decoration n．裝飾，裝飾物 7．jewel n．珠寶；寶石→jewellery n．珠寶(總稱) 8．remove vt.移動；搬開→removal n．移動；排除 9．doubt n．懷疑；疑惑vt.懷疑；不信→doubtful adj.懷疑的 10．former adj.以前的；從前的 11．worth prep.值得的，相當于……的價值n.價值；作用adj.[古]值錢的 12．evidence n．根據(jù)；證據(jù)→evident adj.明顯的；有線索的 13．explode vi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸 14．entrance n．入口 15．sink vi.下沉；沉下 16．debate n．爭論；辯論vi.爭論；辯論 ●重點短語 1．in search of 尋找 2．belong to 屬于 3．in return 作為報答 4．a(chǎn)t war 處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) 5．less than 少于 6．take apart 拆開 7．think highly of 看重；器重 8．serve as 充當；擔(dān)任 9．be of the fancy style 風(fēng)格奇特的 10．rather than 而不是 ●重點句型 1．Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世永遠想象不到，他贈給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。 2．There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train... 毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車…… 3．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 從那以后，琥珀屋的最終所歸便成了一個謎。 ●高考范文 (2009·四川卷) 假設(shè)你是李華。你的外國筆友Jane 打算于七月來中國，特來信了解中國的社交習(xí)俗。請你用英語回一封信，從以下幾個方面作具體介紹。 1.見面時的問候方式；　 2.對贊美的回答方式； 3.接收禮物時的回應(yīng)方式；　 4.餐宴禮節(jié)。 注意： 1．詞數(shù)100左右，信的開頭和結(jié)束語已為你寫好(不計入總詞數(shù))。 2．可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點適當增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫。 Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China July. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua [范文] Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and you're welcome to China in July. The following are some Chinese customs. Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you busy？” to express our care. Secondly, when praised, we reply with “Oh, no！” or “I'm over－praised” to show good manners. Next, when receiving a gift, we usually say “It's unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away. Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someone's health or success to show that we're warm. Anyhow, different cultures, different customs. If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”， you'll enjoy more of your stay here. I hope what's mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua 考 點 探 究 互動探究·能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān) 1．survive vt. 在……之后仍然生存；逃生；比……活得長 vi. 活下來；幸存 survival n. 存活，幸存 survivor n. 幸存者 survive sb. (by) 比某人活得長(幾年) survive sth. 幸免于某事 survive on sth. 靠……存活下來 survive from sth. 從……存活下來；流傳下來 [即學(xué)即練1](1)It was lucky that the boy ____________ ______.很幸運，這個男孩得以從大火中逃生。 (2)She ____________ her husband by ten years. 她比她丈夫多活了十年。 (3)Many strange customs have ________________ earlier times. 有許多古怪的習(xí)俗源遠流長。 survived the fire survived survived from 2．design n．設(shè)計；圖案；構(gòu)思 vt. 設(shè)計；計劃；構(gòu)思 by design＝on purpose 有意，故意 have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 圖謀(錢、生命等) be designed for sb./sth. be designed to do sth. be designed as sth.為某目的或用途 而制造或計劃 [即學(xué)即練2](1)They have ___________ a lot of advanced electric equipments.他們已設(shè)計了許多先進的電子設(shè)備。 (2)The experiment ________________________ the new drug.實驗的目的是試驗新藥。 (3)These books are primarily ____________ the use of beginners.這些書主要是供初學(xué)的人使用的。 (4)She attended a school _________________________. 她就讀于一所服裝設(shè)計學(xué)校。 designed is designed to test designed for of dress design 3．fancy adj. 奇怪的；異樣的　vt. 想象；設(shè)想；愛好 n．想象力；幻想；愛好 fancy oneself (as sth.) 自命不凡；自負 fancy＋n.＋(to be)/as＋n. 認為……是…… fancy (one's) doing 想象(某人)做某事 have a fancy for 愛好 catch/take one's fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人 take a fancy to sb./sth. 喜歡上/愛上某人/某物 Just fancy! [口]想想看！奇怪！ Fancy (that)! 真想不到！真奇怪！ fancy dress/clothes 奇裝異服 [繞口令]Fancy Nancy did not fancy doing fancy work. But fancy Nancy's fancy auntie did fancy Nancy doing fancy work. 可愛的南希沒有想象到能做出出色的工作，而可愛的南希的漂亮的姑姑的確想象到南希做出了出色的工作。 [即學(xué)即練3](1)Do you __________________this evening？今晚你想不想出去？ (2)She _________________________ a famous actress. 她自以為是個有名的演員。 (3)She ________________ she was being followed. 她覺得好像自己被跟蹤了。 fancy going out fancied herself(as/to be) fancied that 提示：fancy用做動詞，有時用于祈使句，表示驚奇，不相信，震驚等，后加名詞、代詞、動名詞等做賓語，如Fancy meeting you here！想不到在這兒遇見你！ 4．doubt n. 懷疑；疑惑　vt. 懷疑；不信 doubtful adj. 懷疑的 beyond/out of doubt 毫無疑問地；確實地 in doubt 不肯定；不確定 no doubt 無疑地；很可能 without doubt 無疑地；確實地 I don't doubt that...我確信…… I doubt whether (if)．..我懷疑是否…… There is no doubt that－clause about...毫無疑問…… 注意：doubt 在肯定句中用 whether或 if引導(dǎo)從句，但在疑問句和否定句中用 that引導(dǎo)從句。 [即學(xué)即練4](1)_____________________________ they will agree with you on this matter. 毫無疑問，他們在這件事上會同意你的意見的。 (2)_____________________________ their football team will win the match. 他們的足球隊會不會贏得這場比賽還不能肯定。 (3)I don't doubt______ he can finish the task on time. 我相信他能按時完成任務(wù)。 There is no doubt that There is some doubt whether that (4)I doubt___________ they can swim across the river. 我懷疑他們能否游過河去。 (5)This meeting has been, ____________ , one of the most useful we have had so far. 這無疑是我們迄今為止最有用的一次會議。 whether without doubt 5．worth prep. 值得的；相當于……的價值 n．價值；作用 adj. 值錢的 be worth＋n.“值……”(僅限于少數(shù)表示錢數(shù)或某 種代價的比喻性名詞) be (well) worth doing “(很)值得做”(用 well修飾； 用動名詞的主動式表示被動含義) be worthyof＋n. of＋being done　值得做某事 to be done It is worthwhileto do sth. doing sth.做某事是值得的 另外：worthy 可用做前置定語，表示“有價值的；可敬的”，而 worth不能做前置定語。如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的紳士。 [即學(xué)即練5](1)The trip was expensive but it ________________________. 這次旅行花費很大，但是花的每一分錢都不冤枉。 (2)The book is ______ worth _____________. 這本書很值得一讀。 (3)The article is worthy __________________. ____________________________________. ____________________________________. 這篇文章值得仔細研究。 was worth every penny well reading of careful study of being studied carefully to be studied carefully 6．in search of＝in one's search for 尋找；搜尋 search...for...在……里面/身上搜尋 search for＝look for＝hunt for 尋找 search out 找出某人或某物 search through 把……仔細搜尋一遍 make a search for...搜查，搜尋 [即學(xué)即練6](1)They started off at once __________________ the missing girl.他們立即出發(fā)，尋找失蹤的女孩。 (2)The police _____________ her ______ drugs. 警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。 (3)We have been ____________ the lost boy all over. 我們一直在到處找那失蹤的男孩。 (4)He __________________ the book and gave it to me. 他找出那本書給了我。 (5)He ____________ (through) his pockets ______ a cigarette. 他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香煙。 in search of searched for searching for searched out searched for 拓展：in honour of 為了紀念；為向……表示敬意 in praise of 歌頌……；表揚…… in memory of 為紀念…… in favour of 贊同，支持 in place of 代替 in charge of 負責(zé) in possession of 擁有 in control of 控制 in face of 面對…… in need/want of 需要 7．belong to 屬于；為……的一員 [即學(xué)即練7](1)That dictionary ____________ the library. 那本詞典是圖書館的。 (2)Do you ____________ the trade union？你是工會會員嗎？ (3)Where do these plates _______？這些盤子該放在哪？ belongs to belong to belong 提示：(1)belong to不用于被動語態(tài)，也不用于進行時態(tài)。 (2)belong vi. “適合待在某處，放在某處”，沒有含被動意味的過去分詞用法。 (3)belongings n. 財產(chǎn)，所有物，相關(guān)事物 8．in return 作為回報；作為交換 in return for為……作為回報 without return 無賺頭；無利潤 by return (接信后)立即回復(fù) return sb. sth. (＝return sth. to sb.) 將某物歸還某人 return to some place/life 回到某地/復(fù)活 [即學(xué)即練8](1)He gave her some roses _____________ her kindness.他送給她一些玫瑰答謝她的好意。 (2)They let us use their computers, and ____________ we give them the results of our research.他們讓我們使用他們的電腦，作為交換，我們給他們提供我們的研究成果。 in return for in return 9．a(chǎn)t war處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài) at work　　　在上班 at play 在玩 at peace 處于和平中 at school 在上學(xué) at breakfast 在吃早飯 at table 在吃飯 at desk 在學(xué)習(xí) at rest 靜止 [即學(xué)即練9](1)The two countries have been __________ for years.這兩國已經(jīng)打了好幾年仗了。 (2)____________ the insect looks like a dead leaf. 這種昆蟲不動時看上去像一片枯葉。 (3)The countries have been ____________ for more than a century.這些國家和平共處已有一個多世紀了。 at war At rest at peace 提示：(1)on也可以表示“在……中”，常見搭配有：on duty/sale/fire/strike/business/show等。 (2)under表示“在……中”，常見搭配有：under way/control/repair/construction等。 10．take apart 拆開，拆散 [即學(xué)即練10](1)The Germans ____________ the Amber Room and moved it away. 德國人把琥珀屋拆開移走了。 (2)John enjoys __________________ to see how they work.約翰喜歡拆卸東西，以研究它們的工作原理。 took apart taking things apart 拓展：apart 是副詞，“相距，相隔；分開，分離；在一邊”。還可以構(gòu)成如下短語： apart from 除……以外 know/tell... apart 辨認，區(qū)別 put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.) 使某人/某物顯得優(yōu)越或獨特 stand apart 分開站 live apart 分開住 be wide/far apart 相距很遠 ①這些短語中，若代詞做賓語，要放在動詞與 apart 之間。 ②apart from有 besides 和 except 的雙重含義。 11．think highly of 看重；器重 think well/much of sb./sth. 對某人/某物評價高 think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. 對某人/某物評價低(印象不好) think poorly of 不放在眼里；輕視 think nothing of 輕視；認為無所謂 speak highly of 高度贊揚 speak well/ill of 說……好/壞 think of 想起，記得；覺得怎樣 think of...as...把……當做…… [即學(xué)即練11](1)I don't __________________ these so－called improvements to the town center. 我對這些所謂的改善市中心的措施評價不高。 (2)We all __________________ her. 我們都很看重她。 think much of think highly of 提示：當 think highly/well/much...of用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，修飾動詞的副詞應(yīng)放在動詞之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of。 Ⅱ.重點句型詳解 1．Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世永遠想象不到他贈給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。 本句中 could never have imagined為情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法，can和 could可以用在否定句和疑問句中，后接完成式，表示對已發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、懷疑、猜測或不相信等；或接進行時，表示對正發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、懷疑、猜測或不相信等；或接原形，表示對現(xiàn)在或一般情況的否定推測。 ①Could/Can he have been told the news? 他被告知這個消息了嗎？ ②He knew little about Japanese, so he couldn't have learned it. 他對日語一無所知，因此他不可能學(xué)過。 ③The light is out. They can't be at home. 燈滅著，他們現(xiàn)在不可能在家。 拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否定推測；must 表推測只用于肯定句；mustn't表示“禁止；不允許”。情態(tài)動詞 can和 must表推測時，其反意疑問句的動詞形式要依據(jù)主句中有無具體時間狀語而定。 (2)could have done用于肯定句，則表示“本來能夠做到卻沒有做到”，此時 could不能換成 can。 ①It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news. 看起來他不高興，他一定已被告知這個壞消息了。 ②He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the way. 他本能夠趕上那輛早班車，但是他的自行車在路上壞了。 [即境活用1](1)I ______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A．shouldn‘t　　　　　　　 B．couldn't C．mustn't D．needn't 解析：本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。must表推測只能用于肯定句，否定句用 can't/couldn't 代替。shouldn't have done表示“本來不該而實際上卻做了”，needn't have done表示“本來不必而實際上卻做了”，均不合題意。本句譯為：當事故發(fā)生時我不可能超過6歲。 答案：B (2)He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. A．could B．would C．must D．need 解析：本題考查情態(tài)動詞 could have done 表示本來能辦到的事，而沒有做成。本句譯為：他本可以免費進入，卻買了票。 答案：A 2．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 從那以后，琥珀屋的最終所歸便成了一個謎。 remain a mystery為系表結(jié)構(gòu)，在該結(jié)構(gòu)中，remain為系動詞，意為“(繼續(xù))保持，仍然處于(某種狀態(tài))”，后接名詞、形容詞、分詞、介詞短語等做表語。 ①Where he has gone remains a mystery. 他去哪里了仍然是個謎。 ②Shops remain open till late in the evening. 商店營業(yè)到晚上很晚。 ③Much work remains undone. 還有大量的工作未做。 ④They remained listening. 他們一直在聽。 ⑤The patient remained in danger. 病人仍處在危險中。 ⑥That remains to be seen. 那還有待觀察。 ⑦Since it's been a secret so long, it had better remain so. 既然它已是長時間的秘密，還是繼續(xù)保密為好。 拓展：(1)remain還可用做不及物動詞，意為“剩下，還有；(繼續(xù))待在某處，繼續(xù)存在，留下”。 ①Little of the original architecture remains. 原來的建筑現(xiàn)在留存的已經(jīng)很少了。 ②I'll remain to see the end of the game. 我將留下看比賽的結(jié)果。 (2)辨析 remain/stay/keep ①remain繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)。 ②stay繼續(xù)保持或處于原來的狀態(tài)，與 remain同義，但后面不接 to do或 to be done，多接形容詞等構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 ③keep需要設(shè)法才能保持或處于某種狀態(tài)。 [即境活用2](2008·遼寧)Please remain ______； the winner of the prize will be announced soon. A．seating B．seated C．to seat D．to be seated 解析：考查 remain后接分詞做表語，seat vt.“使就坐”，用過去分詞 seated做表語。 答案：B 易 錯 點 撥 自我完善·誤區(qū)備考 1. elect/choose/select/pick (1)elect“選舉；選擇”，指在一定的范圍內(nèi)或有限的數(shù)量中，遵照一定的規(guī)章或法制，用投票或舉手等表決方式，以多數(shù)為標準，選舉出代表或負責(zé)人；也含有為完成某任務(wù)而選擇適用的人員的意思。 (2)choose“挑選；選擇”，指從若干人或事物中找出符合要求、滿足需要的人或事物。這種選擇取決于個人主觀意志，帶有最終選定的含義。 (3)select“精選”，語氣比choose重，而且更正式，強調(diào)客觀性，挑選對象是同類的。 (4)pick常與out連用，有“挑選，選擇”之意，指仔細地、精心地選擇，帶有挑剔意味，有時可與select互換，作“揀出，認出”解。 [應(yīng)用1]　(1)It took her an hour to ___________ a dress that suited her. (2)Chu has been ___________ to attend the National Young Leaders’ Conference. (3)We have __________ him chairman. (4)You should ____________ friends with care. pick(out) selected elected choose 2. jewel/jewellery (1)jewel指“寶石，珠寶”，為可數(shù)名詞。如：valuable jewels“值錢的珠寶”。它也可引申為“被珍視的東西或人”。 (2)jewellery也可寫做jewelry，為不可數(shù)名詞，是“珠寶”的總稱。 [應(yīng)用2]　(1)He bought a piece of _________ for his wife. (2)His wife is a ___________ to him. jewellery jewel 3. remove/move remove和move都表示“移動”。區(qū)別是move強調(diào)位置和姿態(tài)的改變；remove強調(diào)完全放棄原來的地方而到達新的地方，有時相當于take away/off。表示“遷居”時，二者均可。 [應(yīng)用3]　(1)What do you advise for _______________ ink from my clothes? (2)Who __________ my cheese? (3)We are ______________________ from London to the country. removing moved moving/removing 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測評·技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．There was not enough e_____________ to prove that he stole the wallet. 2．The rare vase was made in Ming D_____________. 3．I don't like his s______ of dress. 4．Anne's parents died in the earthquake, but she s______. 5．I d______ whether what he said was true. 6．Before the Nazis came, they were only able to __________(搬動) some of the things. evidence　 Dynasty style survived doubt remove 7．I found the streets ____________(裝飾) with colorful flowers. 8．When the boiler _______________(爆炸) many people were hurt by the steam. 9．The skirt sells well for its excellent __________(設(shè)計)． 10．The scientists have made a _________(有價值的) discovery recently. decorated　 exploded design valuable Ⅱ .單項選擇 1．The little boy was the only one who ______ the earthquake in his village, and the government sent him to a city school after that. A．escaped　　　　　　　　B．experienced C．survived D．suffered 答案：C 解析：survive幸存，幸免于難。escape逃跑，和from連用；experience經(jīng)歷；suffer遭受。 2．Leading the US women’s volleyball team back to her hometown for the Beijing Olympic Games, Lang Ping felt ______ when she saw some familiar faces. A．a(chǎn)t home B．a(chǎn)t heart C．a(chǎn)t will D．a(chǎn)t sight 答案：A 解析：考查短語辨析。句意為：……當郎平看到一些熟悉的面孔時，她感覺很親切。at home“自在的，不拘束的”；干擾項at heart意思是“內(nèi)心里，本質(zhì)上”；at will意思是“任意，隨心所欲地”；at sight意思是“一看到……就”。由題意可知，A為正確答案。 3．Children above 12 are able to take part in skiing or other activities ______ for them. A．designed B．designing C．to design D．having designed 答案：A 解析：考查 be designed for sb. “為某人設(shè)計”，句中 designed 為過去分詞做定語。 4．Bad habits are no way easy to be ______； it needs your determination. A．replaced B．disappeared C．removed D．gone 答案：C 解析：句中 remove 相當于 get rid of“擺脫(壞習(xí)慣)”。 5．—How do you find the British Museum? —Great! It's ______worth ______. A．very; visiting B．well; a visit C．quite; being visited D．very much; visiting 答案：B 解析：worth的修飾語常用 well；worth后可接名詞或動名詞。 6．The twins look so much ______ that it's hard to tell them ______. A．like; part B．likely；partly C．a(chǎn)like; apart D．likely; apart 答案：C 解析：look alike “長得像”，alike 為表語形容詞；tell...apart“區(qū)別”，apart為副詞。 7．—What do you think ______ Mr Wang? —He is ______ thought of by us. A．of; well B．a(chǎn)bout; badly C．over; worse D．of; good 答案：A 解析：What do you think of...？句式表示：“你認為……怎么樣？”be well thought of被評價很高。 8．He gave us a lot of help when we were in trouble, but we have nothing to give him ______. A．in danger B．in need C．in return D．in fact 答案：C 解析：考查介詞短語?！敖o某人以回報”用 in return。in danger處于危險中；in need 需要；in fact 實際上。 9．Even though we have made much progress in preventing pollution, yet much ______. A．is remained to do B．remains to do C．remains to be done D．is remained to be done 答案：C 解析：remain“仍然”，沒有被動語態(tài)，排除A、D項。remain to be done意為“仍需被做”。 10．(2010·山東濰坊質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Her English composition is much too perfect. She ______ it herself, I bet. A．might have written B．can't have written C．can't write D．must have written 答案：B 解析：考查情態(tài)動詞。語意為：她的英語作文太好了，我打賭一定不是她寫的。因為write是過去的動作，表示對過去事情的否定推測用can't ＋have done。故選B項。 11．Jenny is always absent from school, ______ I suppose is why she is criticized now and then. A．which B．who C．that D．what 答案：A 解析：考查非限制性定語從句。代替前面一句話的意思，且在從句中做主語，用關(guān)系代詞 which。 12．(2010·黃岡中學(xué))______ is no doubt ______ the amber room was lost in World War Ⅱ. A．It; that B．It; whether C．There; that D．There; whether 答案：C 解析：考查固定句式和名詞性從句。there's no doubt that表示“毫無疑問”，是固定句式，that引導(dǎo)的從句作no doubt的同位語。 13．______is known to us all, America is a developed country ______ the First World. A．Which; belonged to B．As; belonging to C．What; belonged to D．It; belonging to 答案：B 解析：第一空 as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，“正如大家所知”；第二空 belonging to為現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語。 14．—Can I believe in our monitor? —______. He is honest. A．Don't worry about it B．There's no doubt about it C．That's kind of you to say so D．Just so－so 答案：B 解析：考查交際用語。回答：“毫無疑問。他很誠實?！? 15．－Long time no see! You look well. －______. You look fine, too. A．Thanks B．Great C．Oh, no D．Not at all 答案：A 解析：對于朋友間的寒暄話，答語要用thanks或thank you。 Ⅲ. 閱讀理解 A Thanks to science, industry and moral philosophy, mankind's steps were at last guided up the right path in the past century. The 19th century of steam was about to give way to the 20th century of oil and electricity. Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, only 41 years old in 1900, provided a scientific basis for the idea that progress was not to be stopped, determined by natural law. And almost everybody thought that the development would continue to be as slow as that in the 19th century. Inventions like the railroad or the telegraph or the typewriter enabled people to live their everyday lives a little more conveniently. No one could have guessed that new ideas would storm the world with a force and frequency at an amazing pace. This high－speed attack of new ideas and technologies seemed to make people believe in the old dreams of a perfect life on earth, of a safe world in which natural disasters would be controlled. But the fast progress was accompanied by something against mankind's will. Murders in Sarajevo (薩拉熱窩)in 1914 led to the Great War, which did more than destroy a generation of Europeans. The Great War was most commonly called so until the beginning of World War Ⅱ when it was renamed World War I . Hitler rose to power in the 1930's. It was this very man who ordered the attack of Poland, only to meet with his failure when Great Britain and France made war on Germany. On December 7, 1941, the Japanese bombed the American naval base at Pearl Harbor. Americans decided to enter the war, and World War Ⅱ was now truly a world war. But civilization was not crushed ( 壓碎) by the two great wars, and from the ruins people built a way of life again. The citizens of the 20th century felt free to reinvent themselves. In that task they were aided by two far－reaching developments－Psychoanalysis (精神分析)and the bomb. 1. It can be inferred from the passage that at the beginning of the 20th century ______. A. great changes occurred between the 19th century and the 20th century B. the world knew nothing about science, industry and moral philosophy C. mankind came to realize there was not a change in the 19th century D. Darwin, the builder of the theory of evolution, was in his forties 答案及解析： 1．A。推理判斷題。從文章第一段的開頭兩句話可知。 2. Because of the inventions like the railroad, telegraph and typewriter, people could ______. A. know that the progress was made only by scientists B. enjoy their life more comfortably and conveniently C. tell that a mankind killing was about to take place D. make their dreams of a better life and a better world come true 答案及解析： 2．B。事實細節(jié)題。從文章第二段的開頭第一句