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111 Unit 4　Earthquakes (1) Ⅰ.課文縮寫 Strange things happened before Tangshan Earthquake happened.The well walls had deep cracks.A smelly gas came out of them.The water pipes cracked and burst.At 3：42 on the morning of July 28,1976，everything began to 1.________.It seemed as if the world was 2.________.3.________ burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of 4.________.Soon the whole city lay in 5.________.Many people died or were injured.Everything in the city was destroyed.People were 6.________ at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.The army organized teams to 7.________ those who were 8.________ and to 9.________ the dead.Workers built shelters for survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city.Thanks to the army，the city began to 10.________ again. 答案　1.shake　2.at an end　3.Steam　4.dirt　5.ruins　6.shocked　7.dig out　 8.trapped　9.bury　10.breathe Ⅱ.單詞拼寫 1．He has been b________ in the novel for 3 hours. 2．Females find it e________ difficult to get a job in such a field. 3．Many people were killed or i________ in the earthquake. 4．You may b________ the balloon if you are not careful. 5．They ________(組織)the youths to form a group to protect the environment. 6．After the war，the city lay in ________(廢墟)． 7．We knew Bob had cancer，but the news of his death still came as a ________(震驚的事)． 8．Hundreds of people are still in the water，waiting to be ________(援救)． 9．These bushes grow well in the ________(掩蔽)of big oak trees. 10．A lot of people lost their lives in the ________(災(zāi)難)． 答案　1.buried　2.extremely　3.injured　4.burst　5.organized　6.ruins　7.shock　8.rescued　9.shelter　10.disaster Ⅲ.翻譯與仿寫 1．Imagine there_has_been a big earthquake. 翻譯：____________________________________________________________ 仿寫：周六晚上將舉行一場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)晚會(huì)。 _________________________________________________________________ 2．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 翻譯：____________________________________________________________ 仿寫：那時(shí)他太年輕不能理解父親的話。 _________________________________________________________________ 3．Mice ran out of the fields looking_for places to hide. 翻譯：____________________________________________________________ 仿寫：年輕人跟在老人后面開始慢慢走著。 _________________________________________________________________ 4．It seemed as_if the world was at an end. 翻譯：____________________________________________________________ 仿寫：她對(duì)我就像對(duì)個(gè)小孩兒似的。 _________________________________________________________________ 5．All hope was not lost. 翻譯：____________________________________________________________ 仿寫：不是所有的學(xué)生都明白他說(shuō)的話。 _________________________________________________________________ 答案　1.想像有一場(chǎng)大地震。 There is going to be an English evening party on Saturday evening. 2．農(nóng)家院落里的雞，甚至是豬都太惶恐而不吃食。 He was too young to understand what his father said then. 3．老鼠也從地里跑出來(lái)找地方躲。 Following the old man，the young people started walking slowly. 4．似乎世界末日來(lái)臨了。 She treats me as if I were a child. 5．不是所有的希望都破滅了。 All the students could not understand what he said. 或：Not all the students could understand what he said. Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1．A：The problem isn't easy enough for me to work out. B：The problem is________difficult for me________work out. 2．A：My professor didn't seem very interested in my essay. B：________ ________ ________ my professor wasn't very interested in my essay. 3．A：These sunglasses became her trademark；she was known everywhere she went. B：These sunglasses became her trademark；she was known________ ________ ________ she went. 4．A：After the earthquake，water，food，and electricity were hard to get. B：________ ________ ________ to get water，food，and electricity after the earthquake. 5．A：If war breaks out，we shall be called up at once. B：If war breaks out，we shall be called up________ ________. 6．A：Not all the students know how to deal with the problem. B：________the students________________know how to deal with the problem. 答案　1.too；to　2.It seemed that　3.no matter where 4．It was hard　5.right away　 6.All；do not Ⅴ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．—We need an immediate reply. —I see.I'll send the paper to you ________. A．just now B．sooner or later C．right away D．for a while 答案　C　[right away立刻，馬上，與上文“an immediate reply”相一致。just now剛才；sooner or later遲早；for a while一會(huì)兒。] 2．The shop manager always says to her assistants，“We can never be ________ polite to our customers.” A．so B．more C．too D．that 答案　C　[句意：商店經(jīng)理總是對(duì)售貨員說(shuō)：“我們對(duì)顧客越禮貌越好?！眂an not/never be too...越……越好。] 3．The article discusses the ________ which led to the outbreak of the war. A．matter B．a(chǎn)ffairs C．events D．business 答案　C　[句意：這篇文章討論了引起這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的事件。表示“大事，要事，有意義或不同尋常之事”用event。matter表示“須留心的要事或問(wèn)題、難題”；affair表示“繁雜或較多的事務(wù)”；business表示“指派的任務(wù)、責(zé)任”。] 4．His friends ignored his advice，________ they knew it to be helpful. A．a(chǎn)s if B．since C．even if D．so that 答案　C　[句意：他的朋友們不理睬他的建議，盡管他們知道這條建議有幫助。as if好像；since既然，自從；even if即使，盡管；so that結(jié)果是，為的是。故只有C項(xiàng)符合題意。] 5．He remembers everything of his childhood as if it ________ just now. A．was happening B．happens C．happened D．has happened 答案　C　[句意：他記得童年的每一件事，仿佛是剛剛發(fā)生的一樣。happen無(wú)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，排除A項(xiàng)；as if仿佛，好像，其后的從句可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句中的remember為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故as if從句中用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣。] 6．I'm sorry to say that our food is almost ________.We can't survive if there is no one to help us. A．by the end of B．a(chǎn)t the end of C．in the end D．a(chǎn)t an end 答案　D　[考查介詞短語(yǔ)的辨析。句意：我很遺憾地說(shuō)我們的食物快沒(méi)了。如果沒(méi)有人來(lái)幫助，我們就無(wú)法生存了。by the end of到……為止；at the end of在……盡頭；in the end最后，終于；at an end結(jié)束，終結(jié)。] 7．Mr Wilson didn't believe that two-thirds of his children's spare time ________ wasted watching TV. A．a(chǎn)re B．is C．were D．was 答案　D　[分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由of后面的名詞的數(shù)決定。該句中time是不可數(shù)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；語(yǔ)態(tài)上是被動(dòng)，故選D項(xiàng)。] 8．The houses across the street are ________，but they were in good condition a few years ago. A．in rows B．in ruins C．in number D．in detail 答案　B　[in rows成行，成排；in ruins毀壞，破敗不堪；in number總共；in detail詳細(xì)地。只有B項(xiàng)符合句意。] 9．It is said that there was a car accident last night，________ five people and making more ________. A．killing；injured B．killed；injured C．killing；injuring D．killed；injuring 答案　A　[本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)昨天晚上有一起車禍，導(dǎo)致五人死亡，更多的人受傷。killing...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。injured是過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。] 10．At least 203 miners were killed,22 ________ and 13 ________ in the coal mine gas explosion. A．injured；trapping B．injured；trapped C．injuring；trapping D．injuring；trapped 答案　B　[句意：這次煤礦瓦斯爆炸中，至少有203名礦工喪生，另外22人受傷，13人被困。injure和trap均與miners構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用過(guò)去分詞形式表示被動(dòng)，因此B項(xiàng)正確。] 11．It was a ________ story，and we all got ________. A．shocking；shocking B．shocked；shocked C．shocking；shocked D．shocked；shocking 答案　C　[句意：這是一個(gè)令人震驚的故事，我們都感到大吃一驚。shocking令人震驚的，指事物或人本身的性質(zhì)；shocked感到震驚的，指人的心理感受。] 12．—All the students haven't finished their homework. —________，because some students watched the final football match until far into the night. A．Yes B．No C．You are wrong D．Impossible 答案　B　[all與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定，答語(yǔ)中No的意思是“對(duì)，是的”。] 13．—Is there good news from your friend? —Yes，many valuables have been ________ in the working site. A．come out B．worked out C．dug out D．brought out 答案　C　[句意：“從朋友那里帶來(lái)了什么好消息嗎？”“是的。從工地上挖出了許多珍貴物品?！眃ig out“掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)”，符合句意。come out“出現(xiàn)，出版”；work out“解決，計(jì)算出”；bring out“闡明；出版”。] 14．He was so ________ thought that he didn't see the pole on the road. A．buried in B．careful with C．busy with D．serious about 答案　A　[句意：他太專心于思考了，以至于沒(méi)看到公路上的柱子。be buried in埋頭于，專心于；be careful with當(dāng)心，小心；be busy with忙于；be serious about對(duì)……認(rèn)真的。故只有A項(xiàng)符合句意。] 15．He is trying to shelter his student ________ criticism. A．from B．off C．to D．out 答案　A　[句意：他正努力保護(hù)自己的學(xué)生不受批評(píng)。表示“保護(hù)……使其不受……”用shelter...from...。] Ⅵ.閱讀理解 If the crust(外殼) of the earth were not pretty solid(堅(jiān)固的)，it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently.However，there are places in the rocks of the earth's crust where it isn't strongly held together—where faults exist.Along the faults，one rock might push against another with great force.The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks，so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake! The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906.Seven hundred people died and property(財(cái)產(chǎn))damage amounted to about $425,000,000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake. One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon，Portugal，in 1755.The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed.In 1908，in Calabria and Sicily，a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people.In 1915，in central Italy，hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed. Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo，Japan，and in Gansu Province in China.The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama，too.The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】 本文介紹了地震起因及歷史上幾次大地震。 1．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________. A．where earthquakes happen B．how earthquakes happen C．the damage caused by earthquakes D．famous earthquakes in the world 答案　B　[通讀第一段可知，本段介紹了地震的起因。] 2．The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “_______”． A．shaking B．force C．energy D．losing 答案　A　[一塊巖石有可能用力擠壓另一塊巖石，地殼的能量發(fā)生了改變導(dǎo)致巖石晃動(dòng)，于是地震發(fā)生了。vibration意為“晃動(dòng)”，故A項(xiàng)正確。] 3．Which of the following is the correct order of the years when the earthquakes happened? ①the San Francisco earthquake ②the earthquake in Lisbon，Portugal ③the earthquake in Calabria and Sicily ④the earthquake in central Italy ⑤the earthquake in Gansu Province ⑥the Tokyo quake A．③④⑤⑥②① B．⑤⑥②①③④ C．②①③④⑤⑥ D．①③④②⑤⑥ 答案　C　[由文章地震發(fā)生的時(shí)間順序可知C項(xiàng)正確。] 4．We can infer from the passage that ________. A．the earth's crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places B．the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did C．there were 75,000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake D．the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake 答案　B　[推理判斷題。由第二段“The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。] 111