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111 2014屆高考英語一輪復習全方位配套訓練人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes閱讀理解2 第Ⅱ組 A Having lived in California until 1970，my family has felt a number of earthquakes.We have been fortunate，however，to have suffered no bodily harm or property damage. There is a website that lists all California earthquakes recorded from 1769 to the present.The site lists the dates and times as well as the magnitude （震級） and the exact location of any quake that measured more than 6.0.There are only a few quakes that stand out in my memory and，luckily，none is shown in the website.So，my personal experience with earthquakes might be considered insignificant. There are three earthquakes that are difficult to forget.The first one was in 1955 and our oldest daughter was walking with me in our backyard in Redwood City in California.As the shaking became stronger I held her to me with one arm as I held on to one of our fruit trees with the other.All three of us （my daughter，I and the tree）shook for two or three minutes that to us felt like hours. The second one was in 1963.Our entire family was visiting Disneyland in Southern California.The earth started to shake just as we were beginning to walk from our hotel toward the famous landmark. My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.It was in my sixties and I was alone in an old church.As the building started to shake，I quickly headed for the door to go outside.I remember I said a little prayer—something like，“Help me get out of here in time，Dear Heavenly Father”.Minutes later，I was safe outside. 1.The author writes the passage mainly to tell us about . A.a new film about an earthquake B.how to survive an earthquake C.his three earthquake experiences D.how to save children in an earthquake 2.The earthquakes the author has experienced . A.all caused bodily harm B.are all recorded in a website C.all measured more than 6.0 D.all happened in California 3.When the first earthquake happened，the author . A.was staying with his daughter B.was planting fruit trees C.held on to a tree for hours D.was in a hotel 4.What does the underlined part “the famous landmark” refer to? A.A church. B.Disneyland. C.A building destroyed by an earthquake. D.The place where the author was born. 【語篇解讀】作者回憶了自己經(jīng)歷的三次地震。 1.C 寫作意圖題。作者主要是向讀者介紹了自己經(jīng)歷的三次地震。 2.D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的The first one was in 1955...in California.和第四段第二句以及第五段的My third experience with an earthquake was a lonely one in California.可知答案。 3.A 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的All three of us（my daughter，I and the tree） shook for two or three minutes...可知作者和女兒共同經(jīng)歷了這場地震。 4.B 理判斷題。根據(jù)Our entire family was visiting Disneyland...可知答案。 B If the crust （外殼） of the earth were not pretty solid （堅固的），it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently.However，there are places in the rocks of the earth’s crust where it isn’t strongly held together—where faults exist.Along the faults，one rock might push against another with great force.The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks，so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake! The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906.Seven hundred people died and property（財產(chǎn)）damage amounted to about ＄425，000，000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake. One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon，Portugal，in 1755.The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed.In 1908，in Calabria and Sicily，a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people.In 1915，in central Italy，hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed. Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo，Japan，and in Gansu Province in China.The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama，too.The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people. 5.The first paragraph mainly tells us . A.where earthquakes happen B.how earthquakes happen C.the damage caused by earthquakes D.famous earthquakes in the world 6.The underlined word“vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “ ”. A.shaking B.force C.energy D.losing 7.According to the passage，the earthquake that killed the most people happened in . A.Portugal B.Italy C.Japan D.China 8.We can infer from the passage that . A.the earth’s crust in Europe is weaker than that in other places B.the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did C.there were 75，000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake D.the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。說明地震的起因。 5.B 通讀第一段可知，本段介紹了地震的起因。 6.A 一塊巖石有可能用力擠壓另一塊巖石，地殼的能量發(fā)生了改變導致巖石晃動，于是地震發(fā)生了。vibration意為“晃動”，故A項正確。 7.D 由地震死亡數(shù)字可知，1920年在中國發(fā)生的地震死亡人數(shù)最多。 8.B 細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.”可知B項正確。 C In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake almost flattened America，killing over 30，000 people in less than four minutes.A father rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake. After the shock，he remembered the promise he had made to his son：“No matter what， I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes.As he looked at the pile of ruins that once was the school，it looked hopeless，but he kept remembering his promise to his son. Remembering his son’s classroom would be in the back right corner of the building，he rushed there and started digging through the ruins. Other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what was left of the school，saying：“It’s too late! They’re all dead! You can’t help! Face the reality，there’s nothing you can do!” He replied，“Are you going to help me now?” The fire chief showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s ruins saying，“Fires are breaking out，explosions are happening everywhere.You’re in danger.We’ll take care of it.Go home.” This loving，caring American father asked，“Are you going to help me now?” The police came and said，“You’re anxious and it’s over.You’re endangering others.Go home.We’ll handle it!” He replied，“Are you going to help me now?” No one helped. Courageously he went on alone.He dug for eight hours...12 hours...24 hours...36 hours...then，in the 38th hour，he pulled back a large stone and heard his son’s voice.He screamed his son’s name，“ARMAND!” He heard back，“Dad! It’s me，Dad! I told the other kids not to worry.I told them that if you were alive，you’d save me and when you saved me，they’d be saved.You promised no matter what happened，you would always be there for me! You did it，Dad!” “What’s going on in there? How is it?” the father asked. “There are 14 of us left out of 33，Dad.” “Come out，boy!” “No，Dad! Let the other kids out first，because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens，I know you’ll always be there for me!” 9.Why did the father keep digging? A.Because he promised his wife he would take care of their son. B.Because others persuaded him to do so. C.Because he promised his son that he would be with him whatever happened. D.Because his son was his only child. 10.Many people came up and tried to persuade the father to stop digging except . A.the police B.the fire chief C.some kind parents D.the medical officer 11.Which of the following best describes the son? A.Frightened，hopeless and thankful. B.Careful，helpful and brave. C.Calm，hopeful and determined. D.Selfish，honest and faithful. 12.We can learn from the passage that . A.sometimes all a person needs is a hand to hold and a heart to understand B.you cannot go on well in life until you forget your past failures C.love can set us free from all fear and overcome the toughest challenges D.we have enough happiness to make us sweet and enough sorrow to keep us human 【語篇解讀】父愛是一諾千金。父親曾經(jīng)對兒子說：不管發(fā)生什么，我都會在你身邊。地震過后，父子都牢記這句話。后來，父親來到了兒子身邊，兒子憑靠這句話堅持了下來。 9.C 推理判斷題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，就是因為對兒子的承諾，使得這位父親一直在挖，故C項正確。 10.D 細節(jié)理解題。由文章第四、五段可知，有些好心的父母、消防大隊長以及一些警察都勸他放棄，故D項正確。 11.C 推理判斷題。由文章中兒子的表現(xiàn)尤其是 他說的話I told the other kids not to worry.I told them that if you were alive，you’d save me and when you saved me，they’d be saved.You promised no matter what happened，you would always be there for me! You did it，Dad!可以推斷出他是一個冷靜、有決心、并且充滿希望的人，故C項正確。 12.C 推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，就憑著一股信念，相信父親會來救自己，兒子幫助其他十幾個人活了下來，這就是愛的力量，愛可以使人克服重重困難，故C項正確。 D Some countries have a large number of earthquakes.Japan is one of them.Others do not have many；for example，there are few earthquakes in Britain.There is often a great noise during an earthquake.The ground shakes and houses fall down.Railway lines are broken.Trains run off the lines.Sometimes thousands of people are killed in different ways.About 60，000 were killed in 1783 in South Italy.A terrible earthquake in 1883 killed 35，000 people in Indonesia. Fires often follow earthquakes.The Tokyo earthquake of 1923 happened just before the middle of the day.People were cooking meals on their fires at that time.When the ground shook，and the fires shook，too.Hot materials were thrown onto different parts of the houses，which were made of wood.Soon 134 fires were burning in the city. Another terrible earthquake happened in India in 1896.The ground suddenly moved 0.45m to one side.Then it moved back again.It moved like this 200 times a minute.Nearly all the buildings and trees fell down when that was happening. 13.According to the article， has few earthquakes. A.India B.Italy C.Japan D.England 14.Which of the following won’t happen during an earthquake? A.The ground shakes. B.Materials become hot. C.Some people die. D.A great noise can be heard. 15.There were many fires after the Tokyo earthquake because . A.people were using fires B.the earthquake shook the fires C.the houses were made of wood D.All the above 16.Which of the following is NOT true? A.Trains run off the lines because railway lines are broken in earthquake. B.The earthquake of 1923 hit Tokyo just before the middle of the day. C.People threw hot materials onto different parts of the houses. D.In the 1896 India earthquake，there were few buildings in the area after the earthquake. 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了世界上地震常發(fā)地以及地震時的伴隨現(xiàn)象。 13.D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“for example，there are few earthquakes in Britain”可知，答案是D。 14.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“There is often a great noise during an earthquake.The ground shakes and houses fall down.”和“Sometimes thousands of people are killed in different ways.”可知，A、C、D三項內(nèi)容正確；只有B項沒提到。 15.D 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“People were cooking meals on their fires at that time.When the ground shook，and the fires shook，too.Hot materials were thrown onto different parts of the houses，which were made of wood.”可知，D項正確。 16.C 正誤判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Railway lines are broken.Trains run off the lines.”可知，A項正確；根據(jù)第二段中“The Tokyo earthquake of 1923 happened just before the middle of the day.”可知，B項正確。根據(jù)第三段中“Nearly all the buildings and trees fell down when that was happening.”可知，D項正確。只有C項不符合原文。 E After an earthquake most survivors can be expected to recover over time，particularly with the support of family and friends.Some families will be able to return to their normal life quickly，while others will have to contend with the destruction of their homes，medical problems，and injury to family members.Children especially will need time to recover from the loss of a loved one or a pet or from the closing down of their school. Children often turn to adults for information，comfort and help.Parents should try to remain calm，answer children’s questions honestly and remain understanding when they see changes in their children’s behavior. Children react differently to an earthquake depending on their ages，developmental levels and former experiences.Some will respond by withdrawing （不與人交往），while others will have angry outbursts（爆發(fā)）.Parents should remain sensitive to each child’s reactions.Parents should spend time talking to their children，letting them know that it’s OK to ask questions and to share their worries.Although it may be hard to find time to have these talks，parents can use regular family mealtimes or bedtimes for them.They should answer questions briefly and honestly and be sure to ask their children for their opinions and ideas.Issues may come up more than once and parents should remain patient when you answer the questions again.For young children，parents，after talking about the earthquake，might read a favorite story or have a relaxing family activity to help them calm down.Parents should also tell children they are safe and spend extra time with them.They could play games outside or read together indoors.Most importantly，be sure to tell them you love them. 17.What’s the passage mainly about? A.How to prepare before an earthquake strikes. B.What to do in an earthquake. C.How to face the loss of a loved one in an earthquake. D.How to help children recover mentally from an earthquake. 18.The underlined phrase “contend with” in Paragraph 1 can be replaced by “ ”. A.deal with B.make up C.put off D.turn back 19.Which of the following pieces of advice is NOT mentioned in the passage? A.Keep a close watch on children’s behavior. B.Tell the children they are safe. C.Tell the children you love them. D.Ask educational experts for help. 20.What can we know from the passage? A.All people will recover from an earthquake quickly. B.Children may need a longer time to recover after an earthquake. C.Children should turn to their classmates for help after an earthquake. D.Children react in the same way as adults do to an earthquake. 【語篇解讀】本文就震后如何幫助孩子恢復身心健康向家長提出了有關(guān)的建議。 17.D 主旨大意題。全文都是關(guān)于地震后父母如何安慰孩子的，因此選D。 18.A 詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上下文可推出此處contend with意思為“處理”。與deal with接近。 19.D 細節(jié)理解題。從文章最后一段可找到有關(guān)A、B、C三個選項的表述，D項文中沒有提及。 20.B 細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Children especially will need time to recover from...可知B項正確。 111