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111 Unit 3　A healthy life Ⅰ.單詞拼寫(xiě) 1．He felt they had________(濫用，妄用)his trust by talking about him to the press. 2．You've put me in an________(令人尷尬的)position. 3．Her position in the party has________(加強(qiáng))in recent weeks. 4．He didn't work hard and was fired________(最終)． 5．The employee________(辭職)from the company because he was not promoted. 6．He used to get up late but now he is________(習(xí)慣于)to getting up early. 7．He admitted that he was an________(不合法的)immigrant. 8．The heating system in the hotel has an________(自動(dòng)的)temperature control. 9．With just four months left, the students of Senior 3 are becoming more________(緊張的)each day. 10．He________(冒險(xiǎn))losing the train to help the old lady. 答案：1.abused　2.awkward　3.strengthened　4.eventually 5．quitted　6.accustomed　7.illegal　8.automatic　9.stressful 10．risked Ⅱ.完成句子 1．I feel sleepy. I________ ________ ________ ________ ________(想喝點(diǎn)茶). (feel) 2．We're still________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(試圖確定地點(diǎn))for the activity.(decide) 3．His girlfriend has left him, because________ ________ ________ ________ ________(他喝酒成癮)．(addicted) 4．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(盡管年事已高), he still leads an active life.(spite) 5．Have you________ ________ ________ ________ ______________(習(xí)慣了你在學(xué)校的生活)？(accustom) 6．He has________ ________ ________ ________(養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣)of turning on the computer as soon as he comes back from work.(get) 答案：1.feel like having some tea　2.trying to decide on a place 3．he is addicted to alcohol　4.In spite of his age　5.become accustomed to your school life　6.got into the habit Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Jim was________to have troubled me with so many questions. A．guilty　　　　　　　　　 B．crazy C．miserable D．a(chǎn)shamed 答案：D　ashamed“慚愧的”。句意：吉姆問(wèn)了我很多問(wèn)題，感到很不好意思。be ashamed to do sth.“為做……而感到羞恥”；be guilty of“犯有……罪，過(guò)失”；crazy“瘋狂的，狂熱的”；miserable“痛苦的，凄慘的”。 2．He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn't risk ________ the good opportunity. A．to lose B．losing C．to be lost D．being lost 答案：B　risk后接動(dòng)詞-ing作賓語(yǔ)；主語(yǔ)he和lose之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選B。 3．When I began to sing, he laughed and made me________. A．confused B．nervous C．shameful D．embarrassed 答案：D　embarrassed“窘迫的，困窘的”。句意：我開(kāi)始唱歌時(shí)，他大笑起來(lái)，使我感到很窘。confused“困惑的，煩惱的”；nervous“緊張的，不安的”；shameful“不體面的”。 4．Accustomed to________the steep mountains, he had no difficulty reaching the top. A．climbing B．climb C．having climbed D．have climbed 答案：A　be accustomed to(doing)sth.＝be used to(doing)sth.習(xí)慣(做)某事。 5．The Internet and the effect________brought about did a lot of good to our daily life and work. A．that B．what C．which D．it 答案：D　句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和它的影響對(duì)我們的生活和工作產(chǎn)生了良好的影響。________brought about是定語(yǔ)從句部分，省略了關(guān)系代詞，而定語(yǔ)從句中又缺少主語(yǔ)，所以填it。 6．He always did well at school ________ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. A．in spite of B．regardless of C．on account of D．in case of 答案：A　句意：盡管不時(shí)做一些兼職工作，他在校成績(jī)一直很好。由句意可知，選in spite of，意為“盡管，雖然”。 7．In spite of________has recently been done to provide more buses for the people, a shortage of public vehicles remains a serious problem. A．that B．which C．what D．who 答案：C　考查賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。________has recently been done to provide more buses for the people作of的賓語(yǔ)，該部分又缺少主語(yǔ)，所以選起雙重作用的what。 8．I didn't like the soap opera at first, but when I started watching one, I immediately became________it. A．a(chǎn)ccustomed to B．a(chǎn)ddicted to C．opposed to D．a(chǎn)llergic to 答案：B　考查短語(yǔ)。句意：一開(kāi)始，我不喜歡肥皂劇，但是一旦開(kāi)始看，我立刻就看上癮了。be addicted to“對(duì)……上癮”；be accustomed to“習(xí)慣于”；be opposed to“反對(duì)”；be allergic to“對(duì)……過(guò)敏”。 9．—Do you think ________ worthwhile to go all the way to Beijing to buy that computer? —Well, I'm going to visit the Bird's Nest and the Water Cube. A．it B．/ C．this D．that 答案：A　考查代詞。本句中it用作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。 10．(2012·臨沂模擬)In my opinion, all Mr. White ________ good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict in their study. A．does does does B．does did do C．does does do D．did do does 答案：C　句意：在我看來(lái)，現(xiàn)在懷特先生在課上所做的一切確實(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生有好處，他對(duì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)要求很?chē)?yán)格。Mr. White does為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾all；第二個(gè)does強(qiáng)調(diào)了謂語(yǔ)。 11．He ________ his position as president by giving jobs to his friends in exchange for money. A．gained B．changed C．a(chǎn)bused D．refused 答案：C　abuse在此意為“濫用(職權(quán))”，從題干中by giving jobs to his friends in exchange for money可推知選C項(xiàng)。 12．The conference has been held to discuss the ________ of global warming on people's lives all over the world. A．importance B．effects C．protection D．a(chǎn)ttitudes 答案：B　句意：已經(jīng)召開(kāi)的大會(huì)討論了全球變暖對(duì)全世界人們生活的影響。由句意可知，選effect，意為“影響”。 13．—Do you feel like ________？ —No, but I'd like ________ today. A．to skate; skate B．skating; skating C．skating; to skate D．to skate; skating 答案：C　feel like doing表示想干什么。would like后一般跟to do，表示一次性的行為。 14．________， I suppose, and the housing problems for about 280,000 low-income families in this area could be settled. A．If you double your efforts B．So long as you keep your spirits C．A bit more efforts D．Making greater efforts 答案：C　此句考“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”句型。在這個(gè)句型中，前面的祈使句如果帶有比較級(jí)修飾名詞，可將謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞省略，成為“比較級(jí)＋名詞＋and＋陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)。 15．________the end of their relationship, they still keep in touch with each other. A．In spite of B．Apart from C．Except for D．Due to 答案：A　句意：盡管關(guān)系已結(jié)束，但他們還有聯(lián)系。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 A Obese Youngsters Have Obese Friends Obese young people are more likely to have overweight friends—at least that is what researchers at the Institute of Prevention Research at the Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California(USC)claim after carrying out their study. The team of researchers, led by Thomas Valente, Ph. D．， Professor of Preventive Medicine at the Keck School of Medicine, was stunned to discover how strong was the connection between obesity and social networks, despite the fact that such link was somewhat anticipated, being found by earlier studies. But in the current study researchers took advantage of more sophisticated statistical modeling methods. “The findings certainly raise health concerns because when kids start associating only with others who have a similar weight status it can reinforce the negative behaviors that cause obesity，”says Valente. The study involved the analysis of 617 students aged between 11 and 13, all of them living in the Los Angeles area. Besides noticing that most obese students had overweight friends, researchers noticed that obese girls named more friends, but were less likely to be named friends compared to girls with normal body weight index. According to Valente, in most cases researchers pay more attention to health problems linked with obesity, but they should also understand and focus on the social cost for overweight young people. “The social outcomes of obesity should also be taken into consideration by parents and teachers，”says the researcher. Valente mentioned that there is a need of more longitudinal researches for more recommendations on the link between obesity and social status in a social environment. The research was published in the Journal of Adolescent Health. 文章大意：研究發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖青少年更有可能結(jié)交肥胖朋友，肥胖和社交圈子有著密切聯(lián)系。 1．What surprised the researchers in the study? A．Obese young people have thin friends. B．The link between obesity and social networks is so strong. C．The conclusion they drew had been already found by others. D．The study has used more sophisticated methods. 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段提到，研究人員吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖和社交圈子有緊密的聯(lián)系，故選B。 2．What was another finding of the study? A．Obese young people don't have any worry about themselves. B．Obese girls think of others but seldom be remembered. C．Obese girls don't have as normal a body shape as others. D．Obesity is normal among American young students. 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。由第四段可知，另一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是與正常體形的女孩相比，肥胖的女孩子說(shuō)出更多朋友的名字，但是卻很少被當(dāng)做朋友而叫出名字。 3．What suggestion did the researcher make to the educators? A．Pay more attention to health problems relating to obesity. B．Take the social outcomes of obesity into consideration. C．Understand and focus on the social cost for the overweight. D．Experiment further to prove the findings are really right. 答案：B　推理判斷題。由第五段內(nèi)容可知，研究人員說(shuō)家長(zhǎng)和老師應(yīng)該考慮到肥胖的社會(huì)后果。 4．What can be inferred based on the information provided in the passage? A．The research will go on to test the social outcomes of obesity. B．The researchers will give further suggestion on obesity. C．The researchers' further report will come out in a science magazine. D．The social outcomes can break out in the future. 答案：A　推理判斷題。由最后一段內(nèi)容可知，Valente提到需要更多的縱向研究，可以推知研究人員會(huì)進(jìn)一步對(duì)肥胖的社會(huì)后果進(jìn)行研究。 B Findings from a new study were presented at a recent meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society. Researchers in the United States studied 100,000 women during an eight year period. All of the women were fifty years of age or older. The women were asked questions that measured their beliefs or ideas about the future. The researchers attempted to identify each woman's personality eight years after gathering the information. The study found that hopeful individuals were fourteen percent less likely than other women to have died of any cause. The hopeful women were also thirty percent less likely to have died of heart disease after eight years. Hilary Tindle from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pennsylvania was the lead author of the report. She said the study confirmed earlier research that linked optimistic feelings to longer life. The researchers also gathered information about people's education, financial earnings, physical activity and use of alcohol or cigarettes. Independent of those things, the findings still showed that optimists had less chance of dying during the eight-year period. Some women who answered the questions were found to be hostile(敵對(duì)的), or highly untrusting of others. These women were sixteen percent more likely to die than the others. They also were twenty-three percent more likely to die of cancer. The study also found that women who were not optimistic were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes(糖尿病). They were also more likely not to exercise. Professor Tindle says the study did not confirm whether optimism leads to healthier choices, or if it actually affects a person's physical health. She also says the study does not prove that negative emotions or distrust lead to bad health effects and shorter life. Yet there does appear to be a link that calls for more research. 文章大意：研究人員對(duì)美國(guó)十萬(wàn)名老年婦女進(jìn)行了為期八年的跟蹤研究，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)情緒樂(lè)觀的人患病的幾率較其他人低，死亡率也低。相反，對(duì)別人敵對(duì)或不信任的人發(fā)病率和死亡率都較高。但是人的情緒與健康和壽命之間的關(guān)系還需要進(jìn)一步的研究。 5．Which of the following statements about the new study is NOT right? A．It took researchers eight years to carry out the study. B．Researchers asked the women about their beliefs or ideas about the future. C．Researchers of the study were women of fifty years old or older. D．The women's personality was identified after eight years. 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，十萬(wàn)名50歲以及50歲以上的婦女是研究人員研究的對(duì)象，而不是研究人員本身，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)。 6．The study found that women who were optimistic________. A．were thirty percent less likely to have died from any cause than other women B．had less chance of dying from heart disease after eight years C．were more likely to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes D．were mostly hostile or highly untrusting of others 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可以得知，樂(lè)觀的婦女八年后死于心臟病的幾率降低百分之三十，因此正確答案為B。 7．According to the study, women who were not hopeful________. A. were sixty percent more likely to die than the others B. were twenty-three percent less likely to die of cancer C. tended to smoke and have high blood pressure or diabetes D. were more likely to take exercise 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段倒數(shù)第二句可以得知，不夠樂(lè)觀的婦女更容易吸煙和患高血壓、糖尿病，故答案選C項(xiàng)。 8．We can learn from the passage that________. A．researchers hadn't known the link between optimistic feelings and longer life earlier B．optimistic people are sure to lead a healthier life C．negative emotions or distrust actually affect a person's physical health D．whether there is a link between emotions and life span calls for more research 答案：D　推理判斷題。從文章最后一句可以推出，人的情緒和壽命之間的聯(lián)系還需要更多的研究工作才能證實(shí)。 9．What's the best title of this passage? A. Findings from a New Study B. Hopeful Individuals Live Longer C. Emotions and Physical Health D. Happy Thoughts Mean Being Healthy? 答案：D　主旨大意題。這篇文章主要介紹了美國(guó)研究人員的新發(fā)現(xiàn)：情緒樂(lè)觀的人患病率和死亡率相對(duì)其他人較低，而對(duì)別人敵對(duì)或不信任的人患病率和死亡率都較高，但是人的情緒與健康和壽命之間的聯(lián)系還不能確定，因此采用疑問(wèn)式的題目比較符合文章內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)過(guò)于肯定，A、C兩項(xiàng)都過(guò)于空泛。 111