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111 江蘇省連云港灌云縣第一中學(xué)高中英語必修五：unit 1 Getting along with others New Words 學(xué)案 一、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換 1. cheerful (adj.)-- _____ (v.) n 2. admit (v.) -- _____(n.) 3. truly (adv.) -- ________ (adj.) 4. cruel (adj.) -- ________ (n.) 5. apologize (v.) -- _________ (n.) 6.forgive (v.) -- ________ (pp.過去分詞) 7. argue (v.) -- ________ (n.) 8.horrible (adj.) -- ________ (adv.) 9. sensitive(adj.) -- ___________ (n.) 10. disagreement (n.) _________ (opp.反) ________ (v.) 11. guilty (adj.)--___________( opp.反) 12. discourage (v.)-- __________(adj.)___________(adj.) 二、重點單詞 1.betray vt. 出賣，背叛; 顯露 n. betrayal When you betray somebody else, you also betray yourself. 出賣別人就是出賣自己。 His accent betrayed the fact that he was foreign. 他的口音顯露出他是外國人。 用法歸納： betray sb. 出賣/背叛某人 betray that-clause 顯露…… 拓展聯(lián)想： an act of betrayal 背叛的行為 a betrayal of trust 對信任的辜負(fù) 活學(xué)活用：他被指控在戰(zhàn)爭中背叛了他的在國家。 He was accused of __________ (betray) his country during the war. 2. pretend vi.&vt. 假裝；裝扮，扮作 She pretended (that) she was not at home when we rang the bell. 我們按門鈴時, 她假裝不在家. The children pretended to eat the mud pies. 孩子們假裝吃泥餅. As?many?people?do,?you?often?pretend?to?be?studying?when actually you?are just wasting?time online.? 像很多人一樣，你經(jīng)常假裝在學(xué)習(xí)其實在上網(wǎng)。 用法歸納：pretend that-clause 假裝…… pretend to do sth/be doing sth 假裝做……/正在干…… 活學(xué)活用：Your daughter ____ to be a famous musician, so you should keep her practicing the piano． A．promises B．a(chǎn)grees C．expects D．pretends 3. admit vt. / vi. 承認(rèn)（事實，過失）；準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入（場所）；準(zhǔn)許……的入場 / 入學(xué) /入會;可容納 He admitted his guilt. =He admitted that he was guilty. 他承認(rèn)他有罪。 Will you admit having broken the window?=Will you admit that you have broken the window? 你承不承認(rèn)你打破了窗戶? This hall can admit 1,000 people. 這個禮堂可容納1000人。 Approximately 1000 new students are admitted to our school every year. 我們學(xué)校每年招收約1000名新生. 用法歸納：admit（to）( doing ) sth. 承認(rèn)(做了)某事 admit + that clause 承認(rèn)做了…… admit sb. to / into 準(zhǔn)許某人進(jìn)入……，準(zhǔn)許某人入會/場 活學(xué)活用：1. Children under six are not ______to school except those of extraordinary intelligence． A．permitted B．a(chǎn)dmitted C accepted D．received 2. 在法庭上，他供認(rèn)就此事故撒了謊。 In court, he admitted to _______(lie) about the accident. 4. swear vt.&vi. 發(fā)誓；鄭重承諾；咒罵，說臟話 Witnesses have to swear on the bible (to tell the truth). 證人須手按《圣經(jīng)》宣誓（說實話）. He?swore?(to me) that he had never talked with the girl.? 他發(fā)誓說,他從未與那個姑娘說過話。 What/Who was the woman swearing at? 那個女子在咒罵什么/誰? 用法歸納：swear to do sth swear(to sb) that-clause swear at sb/sth 拓展聯(lián)想： swear sb to silence/secrecy 使某人發(fā)誓保持沉默/保守秘密 You must?swear?him to silence/secrecy. 你一定要他發(fā)誓保持沉默/保守秘密。 活學(xué)活用：He was badly hurt and swore loudly _______ her and left. 5. forgive vt. 原諒，寬恕 n. forgiveness His children have never fully forgiven him. 他的子女們從未完全原諒他。 She eventually forgave him for forgetting her birthday. 她最終原諒了他忘了她的生日。 She forgave him his thoughtless remark. 她原諒了他說的輕率的話. 用法歸納：forgive sb [for (doing) sth] ; forgive sb sth 拓展聯(lián)想：adj. forgivable 可寬恕的，可原諒的: a forgivable mistake 可原諒的錯誤 adj. forgiving 寬容的; 寬恕的; 寬諒的: She's very forgiving. 她很寬容。 forgive and forget既往不咎，盡釋前嫌，恢宏大度 He was not the sort of man to forgive and forget. 他不是那種不計前嫌之人。 活學(xué)活用：他不是一個肯輕易寬恕人的人。 He is not a man who forgives easily. 6. focus vt.& vi. 集中注意力；聚焦；調(diào)焦距 n. 中心點；焦點，焦距 In class, you’d better focus (your attention) on what the teacher says. 課堂上你要把注意力集中在老師所說的話上。 All eyes were focused on the chairman. 大家的目光都集中在主席身上。 I have a camera with automatic focus. 我有一架自動對焦的照相機。 She always wants to be the focus of attention. 她老想成為人們關(guān)注的焦點。 用法歸納：focus （one’s attention/…）on/upon sth. 集中注意力在…. 拓展聯(lián)想：out of focus 焦距沒對準(zhǔn)；模糊的 in focus 焦距對準(zhǔn)；清晰的 come into focus （某物）輪廓明顯、清晰；（問題等）突出 bring….into focus 對好焦距；使變得清晰 活學(xué)活用：Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it shopping and eating. A.refers to B.speaks of C.focuses on D.comes to 7. apologize(se) vi. 道歉 n. apology I must apologize for giving so much trouble while I am here. 我在這期間給您添麻煩真事對不起。 He made an apology to the teacher for his being late. 他因遲到而向老師道歉。 用法歸納：apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.=make an apology to sb. for sth./ doing sth. 因某事而向某人道歉 拓展聯(lián)想：接受道歉 accept an/one’s apology 8. blame vt.& n. 責(zé)備，譴責(zé)；過錯 They blamed the failure on me. 他們把失敗歸咎于我。 They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan. 他們因計劃的延誤而責(zé)怪秘書。 The car driver took the blame for the accident. 小汽車的司機承擔(dān)了事故的責(zé)任。 It is Jack, not I, that is to blame. 杰克，而不是我該受責(zé)備。 用法歸納：blame sth. on/upon sb. 把責(zé)任歸咎于某人 blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因某事而責(zé)備某人 accept/take the blame for 承擔(dān)….的責(zé)任 sb is to blame (for) 某人因某事應(yīng)受責(zé)備 活學(xué)活用：Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one?_____??. A. blamed??????? B. blaming???? C. to blame? D. to be blamed 1. cheer 2. admission 3.true 4. cruelty 5. apology 6. forgiven 7.argument 8. horribly 9. sensitivity 10. agreement,agree 11.innocent 12. discouraged/discouraging 111