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111 MODULE 3 My First Ride on a Train Section B GRAMMAR 題組一 111 1. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ______from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 2. I’m calling to enquire about the position _______ in yesterday’s China Daily. A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 3. So far nobody has claimed the money _______ in the library. A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered 4. A great number of students _______ said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 5. This coastal area _______ a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names 6. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _______? A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take 7. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers _______ by her mother. A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D. bought 8. In order to stay healthy, we must eat a _______ diet. A. balance B. balanced C. balancing D. balance of 9. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ______ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow 10. Many things _______ impossible in the past are quite common nowadays. A. to consider B. considering C. to be considered D. considered 11. The boy _______ forward to buying a new bike. A. referred to look B. referred to looks C. referred to looking D. referring to looks 12. Most of artists ______ to the party were from America. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 13. —I’ve got to go now. —Must you? I _______ you could stay for dinner with us. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. am thinking 14.—Ann is in hospital. —Oh, really? I _______ know. I _______ go and visit her. A. didn’t; am going to B. don’t; would C. don’t; will D. didn’t; will 15. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ______ half of it. A. will miss B. was missing C. missed D. had missed 16. Jimmy found a(n)_______ baby wrapped in an old blanket crying at the corner. What cruel(殘忍的)parents！ A. abandoned B. to be abandoned C. abandoning D. having abandoned 答案與解析 1.C 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Mrs. White讓她的學(xué)生看了一些從圖書館借來(lái)的舊地圖。some old maps與borrow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句意可知borrow這個(gè)動(dòng)作已被完成。過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)、完成，而不定式的被動(dòng)式表示將來(lái)的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。故選C。 2.A 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我正要打電話咨詢一下昨天在《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》上登廣告的那個(gè)職位呢。advertise和position之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即這個(gè)職位被在昨天的報(bào)紙上做廣告，所以要用被動(dòng)形式，可排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式表將要被完成的動(dòng)作，與yesterday相矛盾。A項(xiàng)為過(guò)去分詞，表被動(dòng)和完成，符合句意。故選A。 3.A 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：到目前為止還沒有人來(lái)認(rèn)領(lǐng)在圖書館發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢。因discover與money之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示被動(dòng)和完成。B項(xiàng)表達(dá)的雖是被動(dòng)但卻是將來(lái)時(shí)間，C、D兩項(xiàng)都是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選A。 4.C 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：大量被調(diào)查的學(xué)生說(shuō)他們是被迫練習(xí)鋼琴的。students與question存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而且表示的動(dòng)作也已完成，故用過(guò)去分詞形式。選項(xiàng)B表示將來(lái)被動(dòng)意味；選項(xiàng)D表示主動(dòng)含義，均與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C。 5.A 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：去年，該海岸區(qū)被命名為國(guó)家野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)。該句表被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除B、D兩項(xiàng)。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last year可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選A。 6. C 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：既然我們已經(jīng)討論了我們的問題，人們對(duì)做出的決定滿意嗎？這里的decisions是take的邏輯賓語(yǔ)，具有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。故選C。 7. D 考查過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：這個(gè)女孩一走進(jìn)房間，就發(fā)現(xiàn)了她媽媽買的花。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空白處在句中作后置定語(yǔ)；根據(jù)句意可知the flowers與buy之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 8.B 考查分詞形容詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：為了保持健康，我們必須要有平衡的飲食結(jié)構(gòu)。要用balance的形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾diet。balanced是形容詞化了的過(guò)去分詞，意為“平衡的”。 9.A 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他早餐只喝由自家農(nóng)場(chǎng)種植的新鮮水果制成的果汁。結(jié)合句意并分析句子成分可知空白處應(yīng)為fruit的后置定語(yǔ)，grow與fruit之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用grown表示被動(dòng)和完成。B項(xiàng)表示正在被種植，C項(xiàng)表示將要被種植，與句意不符。 10. D 考查分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。句意：許多在過(guò)去被認(rèn)為不可能的事情在如今看來(lái)已是非常普遍的事了。considered impossible in the past為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾things，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句that/which were considered impossible in the past。 11.B 考查分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。句意：被提到的男孩期望買一輛新自行車。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知refer to與男孩構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系作后置定語(yǔ)，排除D項(xiàng)；the boy作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞look應(yīng)用單數(shù)，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)。 12.A 考查分詞作定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意“晚會(huì)上絕大多數(shù)被邀請(qǐng)的藝術(shù)家來(lái)自于美國(guó)”可知invite與artists之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)的修飾關(guān)系，且已經(jīng)完成，故選A項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)表示“正在進(jìn)行”，D項(xiàng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，不符合句子要求。 13.B 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，當(dāng)說(shuō)話者要走時(shí)，答話者感到很意外，因?yàn)樗诖酥耙詾閷?duì)方會(huì)留下來(lái)吃飯。由此可知這是他過(guò)去的想法，因此要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“原以為”。 14.D 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，第二個(gè)說(shuō)話人在說(shuō)話前不知道Ann在住院，因此第一空要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)；去醫(yī)院看她是臨時(shí)做出的決定，因此第二空應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，但be going to表示在說(shuō)話前已經(jīng)安排好的，與句意矛盾，故排除A項(xiàng)，選D項(xiàng)。 15.C 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我的心思沒在你說(shuō)的話上，我恐怕錯(cuò)過(guò)了你所說(shuō)的一半的內(nèi)容?！板e(cuò)過(guò)了你所說(shuō)的一半的內(nèi)容”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。 16.A 考查分詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：Jimmy發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)被拋棄的嬰兒，嬰兒用舊毯子裹著被放在墻角里哭泣著。多么殘忍的父母??！根據(jù)What cruel parents！可知，baby已經(jīng)被父母拋棄了，C、D兩項(xiàng)沒用被動(dòng)可排除，B項(xiàng)表示“將要被拋棄”，不符合句意，故選A項(xiàng)，表示動(dòng)作的完成和被動(dòng)。 題組二 111 1. ______ a lot of people dancing in the big hall. A. It seems that B. There seem to be C. They seem to be D. It seems to have 2. —Could you do me a favor and take these books to my office? —Yes, ______. A. for pleasure B. I could C. my pleasure D. with pleasure 3. As the film began to appear, the children watched ______. A. fascinating B. fascinated C. being fascinated D. having fascinated 4. What made me sad was that I went to see her the day before yesterday ______ her dead on her bed. A. to find B. finding C. found D. find 5. Taiwan-born film maker Ang Lee won the best director Oscar at the 78th Academy Awards, ______ the highest honor in American movie fields. A. consider B. considering C. to consider D. considered 6. It is rather difficult to make friends with him, but his friendship, ______, is truer than any other’s. A. once gained B. when to gain C. after gaining D. while gaining 7. ______ from the moon, our earth with water ______ seventy percent of its surface, appears as a blue ball. A. Seen; covered B. Seeing; covering C. Seen; covering D. Seeing; covered 8. My daughter often makes a schedule to get herself ______ of what she is to do in the day. A. remind B. to remind C. reminded D. reminding 9. Limited natural resources should be made full use of ______ the ______ need of energy. A. meeting; increasing B. to meet; increased C. meeting; increased D. to meet; increasing 10. The stranger said something in a ______ voice that the little girl felt very much ______. A. frightening; frightening B. frightened; frightened C. frightening; frightened D. frightened; frightening 111 答案與解析 111 1.B　本題考查seem的用法。根據(jù)題干可知，C、D兩項(xiàng)明顯是錯(cuò)的，只能從A、 B兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇。A項(xiàng)It seems that句型中，that要接從句，而a lot of people dancing in the big hall并不是一個(gè)句子，因?yàn)樗鼪]有謂語(yǔ)，所以A項(xiàng)也是錯(cuò)的。句意為“似乎有很多人在大廳里跳舞”。 2.D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，第一個(gè)人提出請(qǐng)求，知答語(yǔ)要用with pleasure “非常樂意”。不能用I could，可以用I can; my pleasure用來(lái)回答thank you；for pleasure表示“為了娛樂’，均不符合題意。 3.B　本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，此處是用過(guò)去分詞表伴隨狀態(tài)。 4.A　分析語(yǔ)境邏輯可知，該空表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，因此應(yīng)用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 5.D　過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)“considered...”在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾the best director Oscar，與被修飾的名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句which is considered...。 6. A　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此題應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示條件。once gained相當(dāng)于once it is gained，gain和his friendship之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞形式。 7.C　本題考查的是過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。see與our earth之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用過(guò)去分詞seen作狀語(yǔ)；water與cover之間是主謂關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 8.C　這里用get的使役結(jié)構(gòu)“get herself reminded”，所以選C項(xiàng)。 9. D　句意：有限的自然資源應(yīng)當(dāng)被充分利用以滿足日益增長(zhǎng)的能源需求。to meet是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，increasing是現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。 10.C　a frightening voice=a voice that frightens people。小女孩感到害怕，修飾人應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞frightened。 111