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111 課時(shí)作業(yè)(二十)　必修4　Module 2　Traffic Jam Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1. —Look at that big dog over there! —________！Just walk on quietly and it will ignore US. A．Keep cool　　　　　　 B．You can’t be serious C．Go ahead D．No way 2．(2012·陜西卷)I________thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. A．won’t B．can’t C．can D．will 3．The snow lasted a week，________a serious traffic confusion in the whole area. A．caused B．causing C．to cause D．cause 4．I ride a bicycle to go to work every day and have a deep impression that the bicycle is very ________in our daily life. A．convenient B．a(chǎn)vailable C．possible D．personal 5．(2013·龍巖畢業(yè)班質(zhì)檢)Anyone who wants to go rafting this weekend，raise your hands please，________？ A．doesn’t he B．will you C．do you D．don’t they 6．Don’t you think that’s a good sort of software________of being downloaded to help with your English? A．worth B．worthy C．worthwhile D．worthless 7．(山東高考)I have a lot of readings________before the end of this term. A．completing B．to complete C．completed D．being completed 8．The new bill would________workers two weeks of unpaid leave for family emergencies. A．provide B．supply C．a(chǎn)dmit D．permit 9．________in the heavy snow，we could do nothing but wait for the rescue team. A．To be stuck B．Stuck C．Having stuck D．To stick 10．—We need to keep working and find a solution as soon as possible________the problem. —I couldn’t agree with you more. A．to B．in C．on D．with 11．—What’s your impression of the city? —The streets are becoming less crowded.________，the quality of the air has improved a lot. A．As a consequence B．What’s more C．In other words D．To start with 12．—When can I use your computer? —Never！________should you touch it. A．In no time B．At no time C．At any time D．At one time 13．We are glad to see that consumers have been ________well to our new product since it came onto the market last week. A．reacting B．devoting C．a(chǎn)djusting D．a(chǎn)ttaching 14．After working all day，he was so tired that he was in no________to go to the party with us. A．taste B．mood C．sense D．emotion 15．—Mum，shall I go out to play with Tom now? —________You must finish your homework first. A．Hurry up! B．Take your time. C．No way! D．It doesn’t matter. Ⅱ.閱讀理解 A (2013·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二調(diào)) Research shows that childhood friendships are important indicators of future success and social adjustment.Children’s relationships with peers (同齡人) strongly influence their success in school，and children with fewer friends are more at risk of dropping out of school，becoming depressed and other problems. Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play When 6-year-old Rachel returned to school on a recent Monday morning，her eyes immediately scanned the playground for her friend Abbie.“Though they were only separated by a weekend，the girls ran right into each other’s arms and hugged，”recalls Rachel’s mother Kathryn Willis of Gilbert.“It was like a scene from a movie.” Most parents instinctively (本能地) know that having friends is good for their child.Experts agree that friendship is not simply child’s play，but a powerful predictor of social adjustment throughout life. A Skill for Life “Childhood friendships serve as a very important training ground for adulthood，” says Dr.Robbie Adler-Tapia，psychologist with the Center for Children’s Health & Life Development at the East Valley Family Resource Center. Researcher William Hartup states，“Peer relations contribute significantly to both social and cognitive (認(rèn)知的) development.” Hartup concludes that the single best childhood predictor of adult social adaptation is not school grades or classroom behavior，but rather，how well a child gets along with other children. The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids，so is the lack of friends detrimental. Good Friendships Don’t Just Happen Experts agree that it is essential for children to establish high-quality friendships.But，researchers warn，these friendships don’t necessarily just happen.Often，a good friendship begins with involved parents. Psychologist Dr.Lynne Kenney Markan believes kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading. Bad Company Many parents worry about the quality as well as the quantity of their child’s friendships.“When she was in 1st grade，her supposed ‘best friend’ began calling her names and threatening to hurt her，” says Mindy Miller.“My daughter wasn’t allowed to talk to or even look at other girls in her class.It really crushed her spirit.I told my daughter she didn’t need a ‘friend’ like that.” “I’ll bend over backwards to help my son get together with a friend I think is good for him，” Adler-Tapia says.“I don’t look at it as manipulation (操縱)，just positive parental involvement.” 1．The example of Rachel and Abbie is used to illustrate that________. A．childhood friendship is of great significance to their growth B．a(chǎn) positive friendship helps children solve emotional and physical problems C．it is a proven fact that peer friendship is the most rewarding experience throughout life D．Rachel missed her friend Abbie very much because of their separation of one weekend 2．The underlined word “detrimental” could be replaced by________. A．a(chǎn)ggressive B．disappointing C．ridiculous D．harmful 3．We can learn from the passage that high-quality friendship most probably results from________. A．social skills and good study habits B．school grades and classroom behaviors C．a(chǎn)cademic success and social adaptation D．positive parental involvement and social skills 4．From the last paragraph we can conclude that Dr.Robbie Adler-Tapia agrees that________. A．parents should regard making friends as something that just happens B．it’s wise for parents to support and encourage healthy peer relationships C．parents only need to help their children to cope with difficult social situations D．parents are supposed to encourage their children to make as many friends as they can B (2013·合肥一模) Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson？Perhaps yes.Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color. The gene comes in two versions，one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans.The other is found in 93 to 100 per cent of Africans，researchers at the Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science. Scientists have changed the color of a dark-striped zebrafish (斑馬魚) to gold by inserting a version of the pigment (色素) gene into a young fish.As with humans，the skin color of zebrafish is determined by pigment cells，which contain melanin (黑色素)．The number，size and darkness of melanin per pigment cell determine skin color. It appears that，like the golden zebrafish，light-skinned Europeans also have a mutation (變異) in the gene for melanin production.This results in less pigmented skin. However，Keith Cheng，leader of the research team，points out that the mutation is different in human and zebrafish genes. Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about 1.5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra-violet rays of the sun，which can cause skin cancer. But when modern humans leave Africa to live in northern latitudes，they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D．So the related gene changes，according to Cheng. Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans，so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color，said Cheng. The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer.It also could lead to research into ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson. 5．Scientists have done an experiment on a dark-striped zebrafish in order to________. A．find the genes that are different from humans’ B．prove the skin color of zebrafish is determined by the pigment gene C．find out the reason why Africans’ skin color is dark D．find out the ways to change people’s skin color 6．The passage mainly tells us that________. A．scientists have found out the gene that determines people’s skin color B．the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely C．pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked D．people cannot change their skin color without any pain 7．The reason why Europeans are light-skinned is probably that________. A．they are born light-skinned people B．light-skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production C．they have fewer activities outside D．they pay much attention to protecting their skin 8．The writer’s attitude towards the discovery is________. A．neutral B．negative C．indifferent D．positive 詳解答案 課時(shí)作業(yè)(二十)　 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．解析：　根據(jù)下句“悄悄地走過去，那邊那只大狗就不會(huì)理睬我們”可知Keep cool(冷靜點(diǎn))符合題意。You can’t be serious你不會(huì)是認(rèn)真的吧；Go ahead(尤指經(jīng)人允許后)開始做；No way不可能。 答案：　A 2．解析：　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：我們不在家時(shí)，你對我兒子的幫助，我怎樣感謝你都不過分。can’t...too much表示“無論怎樣……也不過分”。 答案：　B 3．解析：　考查現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語的用法。句意：大雪持續(xù)了一周，使得整個(gè)地區(qū)的交通嚴(yán)重混亂?，F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語強(qiáng)調(diào)一種自然而然的結(jié)果，不定式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果；過去分詞caused表被動(dòng)；動(dòng)詞原形不能作狀語，故選B。 答案：　B 4．解析：　考查形容詞辨析。句意為：我每天騎自行車去上班，并且有一個(gè)很深的感想，那就是自行車在我們的日常生活中是非常便利的。available可以利用的；可以得到的；convenient方便的；possible可能的；personal個(gè)人的。 答案：　A 5．解析：　考查反意疑問句。句意為：本周末想要去劃艇的人，請舉手，行嗎？這里考查反意疑問句，祈使句的反意疑問部分用will you，所以這里選B。 答案：　B 6．解析：　be worthy of being done是固定搭配，表示“……值得被……”。be worth doing“(某人/物)值得……”；It’s worthwhile to do/doing...做某事值得；worthless無價(jià)值的。 答案：　B 7．解析：　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用。句意為：這個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束前，我要做很多閱讀練習(xí)。由于時(shí)間狀語before the end of this term表達(dá)未來的時(shí)間，所以空格處使用動(dòng)詞不定式表示將來，充當(dāng)readings的定語。 答案：　B 8．解析：　句意為：新的法案允許工人有兩個(gè)星期的無薪假期去處理家里的突發(fā)事件。permit sb.sth.允許某人某事，符合語境。supply常見搭配為supply sb.with sth.或supply sth.to sb.。provide的搭配為provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.。 答案：　D 9．解析：　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。be stuck in被困在……，此處是動(dòng)詞-ed形式短語作狀語。 答案：　B 10．解析：　考查介詞搭配。solution常與介詞to連用，意為“解決……的方法”。 答案：　A 11．解析：　考查插入語用法。句意為：——你對這座城市的印象如何？——街道現(xiàn)在正變得不那么擁堵。另外，空氣質(zhì)量也已經(jīng)改善了許多。as a consequence因此；what’s more另外，除此之外；in other words換句話說；to start with首先，作為開始。 答案：　B 12．解析：　考查介詞短語用法。句意為：——我什么時(shí)候能用你的電腦？——不行，任何時(shí)間都不準(zhǔn)你用。at no time決不，含有否定意義的詞或短語位于句首且主語是名詞時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝。in no time立刻，馬上；at any time任何時(shí)間；at one time曾經(jīng)，都沒有否定意義，均可排除。 答案：　B 13．解析：　考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：我們很高興地看到自從我們的新產(chǎn)品上周上市以來，消費(fèi)者對此反應(yīng)一直不錯(cuò)。react to對……做出反應(yīng)；devote to將……奉獻(xiàn)于，專注于；adjust to調(diào)整以適應(yīng)；attach to附屬于，依戀。 答案：　A 14．解析：　考查名詞辨析。句意為：工作了一整天后，他特別累，所以他沒有心情和我們一起參加聚會(huì)。taste口味，品味；mood心情，情緒；sense感官，感覺；emotion情感。be in no mood to do sth.沒有心情做某事。 答案：　B 15．解析：　考查情景交際。句意為：——媽媽，我現(xiàn)在可以和湯姆出去玩嗎？——沒門兒。你必須先做完作業(yè)。 答案：　C Ⅱ.閱讀理解 語篇解讀：　研究表明，童年時(shí)期的友誼對孩子的將來有著非常重要的意義。 1．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文中六歲的Rachel與她的朋友Abbie之間的友誼例證了本部分的標(biāo)題Making and Keeping Friends Is More than Child’s Play，再結(jié)合文章首句可知應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。 答案：　A 2．解析：　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中的“The work of Arizona State University professor of Developmental Psychology Gary Ladd proves that just as being able to make and keep friends is beneficial to kids，so is the lack of friends detrimental.”可知，“detrimental”與句中的“beneficial”相對應(yīng)，因此“detrimental”與“harmful”同義。 答案：　D 3．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Good Friendships Don’t Just Happen中的“a good friendship begins with involved parents”與“kids should be taught social skills in much the same way they are taught math and reading”可知，D項(xiàng)正確。 答案：　D 4．解析：　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一句可推知，父母應(yīng)該在孩子交友的問題上給予指導(dǎo)，避免其受到不良影響，因此選B。 答案：　B 語篇解讀：　這是一篇科普文。科學(xué)家們找到了決定人類膚色的基因。 5．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段可知，科學(xué)家把一種色素基因植入斑馬魚的幼魚體內(nèi)，將其變成了金色，從而證明了和人類一樣，斑馬魚的膚色也是由色素細(xì)胞決定的，由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。 答案：　B 6．解析：　主旨大意題。文章講述了科學(xué)家通過研究斑馬魚發(fā)現(xiàn)了決定人類膚色的基因。首段中的“Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color.”即研究的結(jié)果，也是文章敘述的中心。 答案：　A 7．解析：　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第四段可知，像金斑馬魚一樣，歐洲人的產(chǎn)生黑色素的基因產(chǎn)生了突變，使得黑色素減少，才使他們膚色變淺了。由此可知B項(xiàng)正確。 答案：　B 8．解析：　推理判斷題。依據(jù)文章最后一段的首句可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于攻克皮膚癌等難題，由此可知作者對這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)持肯定的態(tài)度。 答案：　D 111