1927_基于單片機的萬年歷設(shè)計,基于,單片機,萬年歷,設(shè)計 黃 河 科 技 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計 說 明 書 第 I 頁基于單片機的萬年歷設(shè)計摘 要電子萬年歷是一種用萬年歷時鐘芯片實現(xiàn)年、月、日、時、分、秒計時，并通過單片機處理后送給顯示芯片顯示的裝置，與機械式時鐘相比具有更高的準(zhǔn)確性和直觀性，且具有更長的使用壽命。本課題是設(shè)計一個基于單片機和時鐘芯片的電子萬年歷，由硬件電路和軟件組成。硬件由主控電路、時鐘電路、溫度采集電路、顯示電路、鍵盤接口 5 個模塊組成。主控電路采用單片機芯片 STC12C5A60S2、時鐘電路采用時鐘芯片 DS1302、顯示電路采用 KNY12864 液晶顯示、溫度采集電路采用 DS18B20 溫度傳感器、鍵盤接口電路使用普通按鍵加上拉電阻完成；軟件利用 KEIL C51 語言編程實現(xiàn)單片機程序控制。單片機通過讀取時鐘芯片 DS1302 獲取時間數(shù)據(jù)和讀取 DS18B20采集的溫度信號獲取溫度信息，然后再把時間數(shù)據(jù)和溫度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理后送給 12864液晶模塊，顯示陽歷年、月、日、時、分、秒、鬧鐘、星期、溫度等。關(guān)鍵詞：單片機，DS1302，液晶顯示黃 河 科 技 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計 說 明 書 第 II 頁Author：Zhao ZiyuTutor：Cai ChaofengBased on SCM calendar designAbstractE-calendar clock is a device which can be calendar year, month, day, hour, minute, seconds for time, and sent to the graphics chip shown through microcontroller. Compared with the mechanical clock, e-calendar clock has a higher accuracy and Intuitive, and has a longer life. Digital Calendar is an application of SCM system, made of compatible hardware and software. Hardware has five modules including the control circuit, clock circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit, display circuit, keyboard interface. Main control module has STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller, the clock circuit with clock chip DS1302, LCD display module with 12864, the temperature detected by DS18B20 temperature sensor, the keyboard interface circuit using the common keys with pull-up resistor; software uses programming language KEIL C51 to achieve MCU process control. MCU get time by reading the data from DS1302 clock chip and read the temperature signal for DS18B20 collected temperature information, and then provide time data and temperature data to the 12,864 LCD module, displaying the Gregorian year, month, day, hour, seconds , Alarm clock, week, temperature and so on. Key words：MCU，DS1302，LCD Display黃 河 科 技 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計 說 明 書 第 III 頁目 錄1 緒論 .........................................................................................................................................12 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計方案 .......................................................................................................................22.1 方案選擇和論證 ..........................................................................................................22.1.1 單片機芯片的選擇方案和論證 ..............................................................................22.1.2 時鐘芯片的選擇方案和論證 ..................................................................................22.1.3 顯示模塊的選擇方案和論證 ..................................................................................22.1.4 溫度傳感器的選擇方案和論證 ..............................................................................32.2 系統(tǒng)最終方案 ..............................................................................................................33 系統(tǒng)的硬件和軟件設(shè)計 .......................................................................................................43.1 系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................................43.1.1 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計框圖 ..........................................................................................................43.1.2 硬件概述 ..................................................................................................................43.1.3 單元電路的設(shè)計 ......................................................................................................53.1.3.1 單片機主控模塊設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................53.1.3.2 時鐘電路模塊設(shè)計 ...............................................................................................63.1.3.3 顯示電路模塊設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................73.1.3.4 溫度采集模塊設(shè)計 ..............................................................................................83.1.3.5 雙電源供電電路設(shè)計 ..........................................................................................93.1.3.6 RS-232 電路設(shè)計 ................................................................................................93.1.4 電路原理及說明 ....................................................................................................103.2 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................124 仿真與調(diào)試 ...........................................................................................................................134.1 調(diào)試儀器 ....................................................................................................................134.2 硬件測試 ....................................................................................................................134.3 軟件測試 ..................................................................................................................144.4 測試結(jié)果分析 ............................................................................................................14黃 河 科 技 學(xué) 院 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計 說 明 書 第 IV 頁結(jié)論 ...........................................................................................................................................15致謝 ...........................................................................................................................................16參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................................17附錄 A 原理圖 ....................................................................................................................18附錄 B 程序清單 ................................................................................................................19