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練習一 1. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ________ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology. 　　A. begin B. began 　　C. have begun D. had begun 　　2. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy families. 　　A. will often see B. often see 　　C. are often seeing D. have often seen 　　3. —I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday. 　　—Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ________? 　　A. was leaving B. had left 　　C. has left D. left 　　4. —What were you doing when Tony phoned you? 　　—I had just finished my work and________ to take a shower. 　　A. had started B. started 　　C. have started D. was starting 　　5. I ________ you not to move my dictionary—now I can’t find it. 　　A. asked B. ask 　　C. was asking D. had asked 　　6. —Has Sam finished his homework today? 　　—I have no idea. He ________ it this morning. 　　A. did B. has done 　　C. was doing D. had done 　　7. —What’s that terrible noise? 　　—The neighbors ________ for a party. 　　A. have prepared B. are preparing 　　C. prepare D. will prepare 　　8. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ________ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet. 　　A. had considered B. has been considering 　　C. considered D. is going to consider 　　9. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, ________ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck. 　　A. was B. were 　　C. had been D. would be 　　10. The discussion ________ alive when an interesting topic was brought in. 　　A. was coming B. had come 　　C. has come D. came 　　11. Because the shop ________ , all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 　　A. has closed down B. closed down 　　C. is closing down D. had closed down 　　12. Let’s keep to the point or we ________ any decisions. 　　A. will never reach B. have never reached 　　C. never reach D. never reached 　　13. My mind wasn’t on what he was saying so I’m afraid I ________ half of it. 　　A. was missing B. had missed 　　C. will miss D. missed 　　14. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847—1931) ________ the world-leading inventor for sixty years. 　　A. would be B. has been 　　C. had been D. was 　　15. —You were out when I dropped in at your house. 　　—Oh, I ________ for a friend from England at the airport. 　　A. was waiting B. had waited 　　C. am waiting D. has waited 1. B. when引導的是一個非限制性定語從句，when指20世紀90年代初，當然用一般過去時。 　　2. A. 這是“祈使句+and +陳述句”句型，祈使句相當于一個條件狀語從句，and后的陳述句的謂語用一般將來時，這是一個較為固定的句型。 　　3. D. 因為Jane已經(jīng)度假去了，“離開”此地就當然是在此之前的過去某個時間了，所以用一般過去時，選D。另外，when通常都不與完成時連用，排除B和C，A也與語境不符。 　　4. D. 過去進行時在此表示過去準備要做的事。句意為：(Tony給我打電話時)我剛好做完工作，準備去沖涼。 　　5. A. 由now可知前句的意思是：我曾經(jīng)叫你不要搬動我的詞典的 (你偏不聽)。“叫”是在過去發(fā)生的動作，用一般過去時。 　　6. C. 根據(jù)句意“我不知道Sam現(xiàn)在是否已經(jīng)做完了作業(yè)，(但是我知道)他今天早上一直在做作業(yè)”，可知要用過去進行時。 　　7. B. 由What’s=What is可知，現(xiàn)在在出聲音；進而知道“鄰居們正在為一個晚會作準備”，所以用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)。再說，已經(jīng)準備好了或者將作準備，我們不可能聽得到聲音，問句也就不成立了，排除A和D。 　　8. B. 根據(jù)but she hasn’t decided yet (尚未決定) 可知，從開始失業(yè)時起一直在考慮再去上學，現(xiàn)在還在考慮。表示從過去某一時刻開始一直到現(xiàn)在，并且現(xiàn)在依然在發(fā)生的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，現(xiàn)在完成進行時由“have/has been doing”構成，所以選B。 　　9. A. 由when the earthquake struck可知，要用一般過去時，排除C和D；又因為主語是單數(shù)the teacher，所以只有A正確。 　　10. D. 由when…was brought in可知，come也是過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時。句意是：當引入一個有趣的話題時，那場討論又變得活躍起來。 　　11. C. 由all the T-shirts are sold at half price可知，這家商店還沒有關閉，但準備將要關閉，所以選C，用現(xiàn)在進行時表示最近的打算。 　　12. A. “祈使句+or+陳述句”句型中，陳述句的謂語用“will+動詞原形”，幾乎是固定的。句意是：讓我們扣住主題吧，否則，我們就作不了決定。 　　13. D. 因為was saying表明“他說”發(fā)生在過去，“沒聽到”應該是“他說”的時候沒聽到，所以miss也是發(fā)生在過去，而miss作“未聽見、未理解”解時，一般沒有進行時，因此，只有D正確。句意是：我的注意力當時并沒有集中在他所說的內容上，所以恐怕有一半我都沒聽到。 　　14. D. 根據(jù)括號內的1847—1931可知，此處應填過去時態(tài)；另外，由于沒有另一個過去的時間或動作與之比較，故不能用過去完成時，即只能選D。 　　15. A. 句意是：(你來我家時) 我正在機場等候一位從England來的朋友。表示在過去某一時刻或在過去某一段時間內正在發(fā)生的事，用過去進行時，所以選A。 練習二 1. She has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book ________ 50 million. 　　A. have reached B. has reached 　　C. are reaching D. had reached 　　2. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ________ her somewhere. 　　A. saw B. has seen 　　C. sees D. had seen 　　3. The crazy fans ________ patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived. 　　A. were waiting B. had been waiting 　　C. had waited D. would wait 　　4. She ________ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job. 　　A. would change B. has changed 　　C. changed D. was changing 　　5. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power ________ increased enormously ever since. 　　A. is B. was 　　C. has been D. had been 　　6. —You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? 　　—I’m sorry I ________ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. 　　A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say 　　C. won’t say D. didn’t say 　　7. All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness ________. 　　A. has grown B. is growing 　　C. grew D. had grown 　　8. Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will ________ fresh for several days. 　　A. be stayed B. stay 　　C. be staying D. have stayed 　　9. How can you possibly miss the news? It ________ on TV all day long. 　　A. has been B. had been 　　C. was D. will be 　　10. －Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. 　　－Where was I? 　?。璝ou ________ you didn’t like your father’s job. 　　A. had said B. said 　　C. were saying D. had been saying 　　11. I arrived late; I ________ the road to be so icy. 　　A. wouldn’t expect 　　 B. haven’t expected 　　C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expecting 　　12. I ________ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time! 　　A. had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep 　　C. fell asleep D. fall asleep 　　13. Although he has lived with us for years, he _______ us much impression. 　　A. hadn’t left B. didn’t leave 　　C. doesn’t leave D. hasn’t left 　　14. I ________ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year. 　　A. will play B. have played 　　C. played D. play 　　15. I wonder why Jenny ________ us recently. We should have heard from her by now. 　　A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write 　　C. won’t write D. hadn’t written 1. A. 因為that is意為“換句話說，即 (=in other words, which means)”，而前句中的謂語has set是現(xiàn)在完成時，后一句的謂語動詞也應用現(xiàn)在完成時，排除C和D；又因主語the sales是復數(shù)，選出正確答案A。 　　2. D. 因為由語境可知，see應當發(fā)生在kept looking之前，即過去的過去，所以用過去完成時，只有D正確。 　　3. B. 因為would wait是過去將來時，可見此事發(fā)生在過去，再結合for two hours可知，wait這個動作是從過去某一時刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一個過去時刻，并且還在等，一直要等到那位影星到來，所以用過去完成進行時：had been doing，因此選B。 　　4. C. 由came可知，她已來重慶了，而改變發(fā)型是在來重慶之前，即過去的過去，按理要用過去完成時，但before已經(jīng)表明緊接著發(fā)生的先后兩個動作，所以也可用一般過去時，所以選C。 　　5. C. 句中的since為副詞，表示“從過去某時起一直到現(xiàn)在”，它通常要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 　　6. D。由句中的sooner（意為“早點兒”）可知用一般過去時。句意為“對不起，我沒有早點兒說。我確實認為你穿很好看” 。 　　7. C。her nervousness（緊張）伴隨waited（等）的過程而產生，因此grow與waited同時發(fā)生，時態(tài)一致，都用一般過去時。 　　8. B。stay是系動詞不能用被動語態(tài)，故排除A；系動詞一般不用于進行時(feel除外)，故排除C；stay為非延續(xù)性動詞，不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用，故排除D。句意為“你為什么不把肉放在冰箱里呢？那樣會保質好幾天”。 　　9. A。根據(jù)句中all day long來判斷，此句是強調播放新聞對現(xiàn)在的影響，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。意為“你怎么可能沒看到新聞？整天都在播放”。 　　10. C。用過去進行時態(tài)表示過去某一特定時刻正在進行的動作。此處是指“我”的話在被打斷前正在談論的情況。句意為“對不起打斷你的話，請繼續(xù)”。“我說哪兒了？”“你在說你不喜歡你父親的工作”。 　　11. C。由I arrived late可知是過去的情況。I haddn’t expected表示過去沒有料到。句意為“我遲到了。我沒料到路面結冰”。 　　12. C。while 從句用過去進行時，主句用過去時，表示在某個動作的持續(xù)過程中，發(fā)生過某事。句意為“我在讀英語課本時睡著了。幸虧我的室友及時叫醒了我”。 　　13. C。句意為“盡管他和我們生活了好多年，但沒給我們留下多少印象”。根據(jù)前句中的現(xiàn)在完成時可知，下句是強調的現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時。 　　14. D。“我的乒乓球打得好”是現(xiàn)在具有的技能，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。下句“但自新年以來還一直沒有時間去打”。與前句謂語動詞的時態(tài)無關。 　　15. A。由句中的recently和by now兩個提示可知此句用現(xiàn)在完成時。 練習三 1. A short time before she ________ , the old lady ________ a will, leaving all her money to her brother. 　　A. died; has written B. has died; wrote 　　C. had died; wrote D. died; had written 　　2. — Kate doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her? 　　— She has a headache because she ________ too long; she ought to stop work. 　　A. has been reading B. had read 　　C. is reading D. was reading 　　3. As time ________ on, Sally began to wonder if Bruce ________ Bilks’new poem called Tabled’Hute. 　　A. has gone; had read B. went; has read 　　C. goes; has read D. went; had read 　　4. —Mike, do you know who wanted me on the phone? 　　—Sorry. I don’t know. I ________ a bath in the bathroom. 　　A. have had B. was having 　　C. had D. am having 　　5. —Could you tell me how your father usually goes to work? 　　—Yes. If it is fine, he ________ to his office. 　　A. will walk B. will go on foot 　　C. walks D. would go on foot 　　6. — I called you at ten, but there was no reply. 　　—Oh, that was probably when I ________ a shower. 　　A. am taking B. took 　　C. were to take D. was taking 　　7. — Have you ever worked with a tape recorder? 　　— I ________ it a lot when I was studying French in school. 　　A. used B. was used 　　C. have used D. had used 　　8. —You must have met him the other day. —Oh, no, I ________ . 　　A. hadn’t B. mustn’t 　　C. haven’t D. didn’t 　　9. —Which flight ________ ? —I want to catch the 13:00. 　　A. you are to catch B. are you catching 　　C. do you catch D. have you caught 　　10. —Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor? 　　—Of course. What is it? 　　—I ________ if you could tell me how to fill out this form. 　　A. had wondered B. was wondering 　　C. would wonder D. did wonder 　　11. How can I ever concentrate (集中精力) if you ________ continually ________ me with silly questions? 　　A. have…interrupted B. had interrupted 　　C. are…interrupting D. were…interrupting 　　12. —I bought this shirt for 35 yuan yesterday. 　　—It’s on sale today for only 29. You should have waited. 　　—Oh, really? But how ________ I know? 　　A. would B. can 　　C. did D. do 　　13. —Will you go now? 　　—Not until I ________ my experiments. 　　A. will finish B. have finished 　　C. will have finished D. had finished 　　14. —Look! Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet. 　　—Well, it ________ me. 　　A. isn’t B. hasn’t been 　　C. hadn’t been D. wasn’t 　　15. —Did you enjoy your holiday? 　　—Yes, it’s the best holiday I ________ these years. 　　A. had B. have had 　　C. had had D. would have 1. D. “死”與“寫(遺書)”都發(fā)生在過去，顯然“寫”應發(fā)生在“死”之前，即：過去的過去。因此，die用一般過去時，write用過去完成時。 　　2. A. 根據(jù)后文可知，“她現(xiàn)在依然在工作”，表示從過去某一時刻開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且現(xiàn)在仍然在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，就用現(xiàn)在完成進行時，即：have been doing 　　3. D. 從began是一般過去時可知，go也用一般過去時，read應發(fā)生在began to wonder之前，所以要用過去完成時。 　　4. B. 從wanted是過去式，可知打電話發(fā)生在過去，“我”現(xiàn)在不知道，因為當有人打電話來時，“我”正在沖涼。表示在過去某一時刻正在發(fā)生的動作，當然用過去進行時。 　　5. C. 從問句中usually goes to work來看，是問通常的情況，其回答也應該是指通常的情況，因此要用一般現(xiàn)在時，即：“如果天氣好，他通常是步行上班的”。注意：千萬不要認為條件句中的謂語動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時，而主句中的謂語動詞就用一般將來時，而錯選A或C。 　　6. D. 意為：“你打電話來時，我可能正在洗淋浴”。指在過去某個時候正在發(fā)生的動作，用過去進行時。 　　7. A. 句意為：“我在學校學法語期間，經(jīng)常使用錄音機”。指過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，當然用3一般過去時。 　　8. D. 問句是對過去情況猜測，答句I didn’t的完整句子是I didn’t meet him the other day. (幾天前我沒有見到他。) 　　9. B. 從語境來看，顯然指將來：“你打算坐哪趟班機？”表示最近打算或安排要做的事，可以用進行式或“be to do”來表示，因此，可選出A和B，而答案A的語序不對，所以只有B對(from www.yygrammar.com)。 　　10. B. 表示剛才想叫你幫忙，就是“我在想你可不可以幫我填這個表格”，所以用過去進行時。 　　11. C. 因為從can和句意可知，是指目前正在發(fā)生的事。句意是“如果你 (象現(xiàn)在這樣) 不斷地用一些無聊問題來妨礙我，我又怎能集中精力呢？” 　　12. C. 因為意思是“我當時 (昨天) 怎么知道呢？”。 　　13. B. 因為在時間狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時；若強調從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前時，用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時，本題屬后一種情況。 　　14. D. 從上文可知，已經(jīng)將coffee濺在地毯上了，spilt已經(jīng)在過去發(fā)生了，所以用一般過去時，wasn’t。 　　15. B. 因為these years是包括現(xiàn)在在內的，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。 練習四 1. I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always ________ you ________ a careful driver. 　　A. think; are B. am thinking; are 　　C. thought; were D. think; were 　　2. I really ought to go on a diet。I ________ on so much weight since I gave up jogging. 　　A. put B. am putting 　　C. have put D. had put 　　3. We ________ to go skiing tomorrow，but there’s no snow，so we’ll just stay home instead。 　　A. are going B. were going 　　C. will go D. would go 　　4. At the time of the earthquake Jeff was still in his office. He ________ to finish a project before he left for the day. 　　A. has tried B. had tried 　　C. has been trying D. had been trying 　　5. The student didn’t pay any attention to the lecture; he ________ of something else. 　　A. thought B. had thought 　　C. would think D. was thinking 　　6. —Such a mistake could have been avoided. 　　—Unfortunately, he ________ the mistake again and again. 　　A. repeated B. would repeat 　　C. had repeated D. would have repeated 　　7. —Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday? 　　—No, but we ________ to get in touch with them ever since. 　　A. have tried B. have been trying 　　C. had tried D. had been trying 　　8. I would have come sooner but I ________ that they were waiting. 　　A. haven’t known B. hadn’t known 　　C. don’t know D. didn’t know 　　9. －Oh, it’s you, Steve! I ________ you. 　?。璑o surprising. I’ve just had my hair cut. 　　A. don’t recognize B. haven’t recognized 　　C. didn’t recognize D. hadn’t recognized 　　10. I’m glad to see that you ________ a lot of progress since I ________ you last. 　　A. will make; have met B. have been making; met 　　C. had made; met D. have made; meeting 　　11. －Have you finished your composition already? 　　－Yes. I ________ it in twenty minutes. 　　A. have finished B. finished 　　C. will finish D. had finished 　　12. Once a programme ________ put into a computer, it ________ accordingly. 　　A. is; acts B. is being; is acting 　　C. has been; will act D. will be; acts 　　13. —What place is it? 　　—Haven’t you seen that we ________ back where we ________ ? 　　A. were；had been B. are；were 　　C. were；have been D. are；had been 　　14. —Didn’t the guard see him breaking into the bank? 　　—No, he ________ in the other direction. 　　A. was looking B. had looked 　　C. looked D. is looking 　　15. —Have you persuaded him? 　　—Yes. After some hours of discussion, I ________ to reason him in accepting the new plan. 　　A. had managed B. would manage 　　C. have managed D. managed 　　16. —I suppose the young beautiful actress is about 20 years old. 　　— ________ ! She is still a college student. 　　A. You guess it B. You guessed it 　　C. You have it guessed D. You’re guessing it 　　17. －The enemy spy was found at last. －Really? Where ________ himself? 　　A. had he hidden B. did he hide 　　C. has he hidden D. was he hidden 1. C. 因為指you got a ticket之前，“我原來一直認為你是位非常小心的司機”，所以用過去時。 　　2. C. 因為與表示“自…以來”的since從句或短語連用的通常是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；再說前面的“我應當節(jié)食了”，也說明現(xiàn)在“我已經(jīng)增肥”了。 　　3. B. were going to do sth. 指“原打算做…”。 　　4. D. 指從發(fā)生地震之前的某一時候開始到發(fā)生地震時一直在努力完成一項計劃，并且在發(fā)生地震時依然在辦公室努力完成這一計劃，所以要用過去完成進行時。 　　5. D. 指這位學生在沒有注意聽課的同時“正在想著別的事情”。 　　6. A. 因為could have done是對過去發(fā)生的事表示遺憾，所以答語也應該是指他在過去一再犯這樣的錯誤。 　　7. B. 因為ever since是“自那以后(直到現(xiàn)在)”之意，常與完成時連用，又根據(jù)but 可知，現(xiàn)在也還在設法與他們取得聯(lián)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。 　　8. D. 因為would have come是表示與過去事實相反的虛擬語態(tài)，所以是“我當時不知道他們在等”。 　　9. C. 因為說話時已經(jīng)認出來了，指在說話之前“剛才我沒有認出你來”，所以用一般過去時。 　　10. B. 因為是“上次見你”，所以since從句的謂語動詞用一般過去時，排除A和D；又表示從上次見你以來一直到現(xiàn)在并且現(xiàn)在依然在不斷取得進步，所以用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。 　　11. B. 由答語Yes可知，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)做完了，后文強調的是完成的時間，要用一般過去時。 　　12. C. 因為時間狀語從句或者條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，主句用一般將來時。 　　13. B. 句意是“難道你沒有看到我們現(xiàn)在又回到了我們原來所在的地方嗎？” 　　14. A. 指他闖入銀行那個時候，the guard正在朝別的方向看。 　　15. D. 由Yes知道已經(jīng)勸服，After短語是說明勸服的時間，所以用一般過去時。此題與26題類似。 　　16. B. 意思是你剛才猜對了，所以用一般過去時。 　　17. A. 因為hide是指在被找到之前，即過去的過去，所以用過去完成時。 練習五 1. —Your phone number again? I _______ quite catch it. 　　—It’s 9568442. 　　A. didn’t B. couldn’t C. don’t D. can’t 　　2. —Can I help you, sir? 　　—Yes. I bought this radio here yesterday, but it _______. 　　A. didn’t work B. won’t work C. can’t work D. doesn’t work 　　3. Helen _______ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _______ home. 　　A. has left; comes B. left; had come 　　C. had left; came D. had left; would come 　　4. —_______ my glasses? 　　—Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago. 　　A. Do you see B. Had you see 　　C. Would you see D. Have you seen 　　5. I first met Lisa three years ago. She _______ at a radio shop at that time. 　　A. has worked B. was working 　　C. had been working D. had worked 　　6. —Is this raincoat yours? 　　—No, mine _______ there behind the door. 　　A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung 　　7. —Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? 　　—I _______, but I had an unexpected visitor. 　　A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 　　8. —Who is Jerry Cooper? 　　—_______? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting. 　　A. Don’t you meet him yet B. Hadn’t you met him yet 　　C. Didn’t you meet him yet D. Haven’t you met him yet 　　9. —Hi, Tracy, you look tired. 　　—I am tired. I _______ the living room all day. 　　A. painted B. had painted 　　C. have been painting D. have painted 　　10. —Nancy is not coming tonight. 　　—But she _______! 　　A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised 　　11. Shirley _______ a book about China last year but I don’t know wheth