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Language points,1. date back to 追溯到; 始于,This town dates back to Roman times. The castle dates back to the 14th century. These societies dated as far back as a century.,date from 追溯到; 始于,The dress dates from the 19th century. This custom dates from the 17th century. My interest in stamp collecting dates from my schooldays.,Insurance dating from the 17th century now profits a lot. The present harmony in the factory dates from a sensible agreement on wages and productivity.,dated adj. 過(guò)時(shí)的，陳舊的,Those words all seem rather dated. Clothing styles became dated very quickly.,2. bring back,If you borrow my electric drill don’t forget to bring it back. All library books must be brought back before June 20. If you’re going to the market please bring me back ten eggs.,1) 歸還,帶回來(lái),2) 使回想起,Seeing you brought back many memories. His story brought back our happy childhood together. The river smell brought back a night some years before.,bring about bring down bring forward bring in bring on bring out,引起，實(shí)現(xiàn),減少，打倒；擊落,提出，提前，提早,收獲，收入，請(qǐng)來(lái)，,引起；使提高,表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，出版，生產(chǎn),Scientists say that many factors bring about changes in the weather. The scene in the room brought the poor man back to reality. It will take more than speeches to bring down the prices these day.,,At our next Council meeting, he is proposing to bring forward the question of developing the city centre. How much does garage business bring in each month?,,I wanted to bring out clearly the issue that is involved. He still insisted that he would bring out a book in the spring. New questions are constantly being brought up at the weekly meeting. The child is very badly brought up.,,3. on a large scale 大面積的,They are preparing for war on large scale. The project was undertaken on a large scale.,scale n. 規(guī)模 (可數(shù), 不可數(shù)),The business had to be reduced in scale. 2. Private undertakings were small in scale in the Red areas. 3. The statue was made to scale, one inch to one foot.,按規(guī)定比例,4. take opportunity of doing /to do sth. He took the opportunity to question his wife. I shall take the first opportunity of seeing you. I’m glad to have the opportunity of talking to you.,He sought opportunities of doing her little services. Don’t let slip any opportunity of practising your English. Somehow they didn’t seem to get an opportunity to object. There may be an opportunity for you to see the manager this afternoon.,,,5. conflict n.矛盾,分歧;沖突,斗爭(zhēng) It faces conflicts with the American people. Nations mustn’t settle their difference by armed conflict. At times personality conflicts develop between teachers and students.,a conflict of opinions/wills/interests in conflict (with) These two lines are in conflict with each other. Every one was aware that husband and wife were in conflict. The twins are in conflict.,6. introduce 介紹, 使得認(rèn)識(shí) I must certainly introduce him to you. Allow me to introduce my friend Mr. X to you. 傳入, 引入 The Romans introduced roads to Britain. Tobacco was introduced into Europe from America.,,introduction n. an introduction to sb./sth. self introduction 7. ruin vt.毀滅, 毀掉, 破壞 The rain has ruined the children’s trip. We took a picture of the ruined cottage. The fire ruined the house.,,be in ruins 一片廢墟, 落空 The town lay in ruins. bring/come to ruin 使毀滅/破產(chǎn) All his plans came to ruin. fall into ruin 已成廢墟 The castle has fallen into ruin.,,8. tightly 緊緊地, 滿滿地 Tie it as tightly as you can. His arms were folded tightly. He held me by the arm so tightly that it hurt.,tight adj. 緊,繃緊,拉緊 The coat looks tight. We hope to finish the task next week, but the schedule is a bit tight. adv. 緊地 滿地 Hold tight to the railing or you may slip and fall.,The passengers were tightly packed in the train. “Look! Chris, look!” Andrew whispered, pressing my arm tightly. Shut the door tight. Make sure that the bags were packed tight.,9. seal vt. 蓋章, 封口 The treaty was signed and sealed by both governments. Food such as corned beef and condensed milk are sold in sealed tins. His eyes were sealed with sleep.,,10. restriction U. 限制 The park is open to the public without restriction. He dislikes their restriction of his freedom of choice.,C. 限制性規(guī)定 The restrictions on the use of the play-ground: No fighting. No damaging property. The government placed restrictions on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.,restrict vt. 限制, 控制,He feels this new law restrict his freedom. The trees restricted our vision. restricted adj. 有嚴(yán)格控制的, 局限的 restrictive adj. 限制性的,She is now on a very restricted diet, and can have no sweets. The space provided is too restricted. He finds life in the small town too restrictive.,11. in …style 以 … 方式 ，用…風(fēng)格 He wrote the sentence in a childish style. The little boy bowed in a gentleman style. in style 講究地，有氣派地; 時(shí)行, 不過(guò)時(shí) out of style 不時(shí)行, 過(guò)時(shí) with style (處理得) 漂亮, 得當(dāng),12. establish 成立, 建立 Father established his business forty years ago. Even public schools for girls were established in some places. establishment n. 建立，成立 the establishment of a new state,13. appeal vt. 吸引, 投合興趣或愛好 How did the course appeal to you? These pictures don’t appeal to the children. 呼吁, 請(qǐng)求 appeal to sb. for help He appealed to his friends for support. The murderer appealed to the court for mercy.,從a-d中找出與每句話中appeal 相符合的意思。 1. The government is appealing to everyone to save water. 2. When Mother said “No,” my little sister would appeal to Father. 3. Does the idea of working for a venture company appeal to you? 4. He appealed against the judge’s decision.,d. 向……呼吁,c. 上訴,a. 對(duì)……有吸引力,b. 求助于,翻譯下列句子。 警方向公眾呼吁不要輕易相信陌生人。 2. 你對(duì)這些畫感興趣嗎？ 3. 她的幽默感吸引了他。 4. 船長(zhǎng)對(duì)這個(gè)方案提出了異議。,The police appeal to the public not to trust strangers easily. Do these paintings appeal to you? Her sense of humour appealed to him. The captain appealed against the proposal.,14. value vt. 估價(jià); 珍視, 珍惜 How much do you value it at? I value my friendship with him.,value n. 價(jià)值, 價(jià)值觀念 Every experience is of great value.,(作表語(yǔ)) 有價(jià)值,Nothing of value was stolen. put value on 定價(jià)，重視 He puts little value on qualifications. set (a) value on 重視，估計(jì) She sets little value on wealth.,(作定語(yǔ)) 值錢的,1. However it was not until … that the exploration… began…. It is/was not until…that… 直到……才 It was not until the 1880s that there were consistent experimental findings to support his theory.,句子結(jié)構(gòu)：,Not until I began to study did I realize how much time I had wasted.,2. Brave young men took the opportunity of going…,often facing many dangers including… facing 在句中作狀語(yǔ), 表示“從事植物考察”過(guò)程中的伴隨情況 He rushed out of the room, crying. The secretary worked deep into night, preparing an important speech for the president.,3. At that time, there were restrictions on … in order to travel unnoticed, he … in order to travel 不定式作目的狀語(yǔ), unnoticed作to travel的伴隨狀語(yǔ),The teacher came in, followed by his students. She sat by the window, lost in thought.,4. Not only did Fortune…. but he also shipped … Not only 放在句首要倒裝, 表示強(qiáng)調(diào) Not only did he complained the food, he also refused to pay for it. Not only did they bring snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.,只有當(dāng)not only…but also連接兩句子時(shí), 才倒裝, 若連接的不是句子,則不用倒裝。 Not only John but also Ben should have got a full mark in the exam. What he is worrying is not only his food but also his bed.,根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，寫出該單詞的正確形式。 1. He said that he was born and brought up in a d______ village. 2. When dealing with public relations, we should try to avoid personal c______. 3. The t______ character of his design is apparent in the splendid decorations.,Practise,distant,conflict(s),typical,4. I’ll buy the MP3 on condition that you l____ the price. 5. It is well known that all work and no play makes Jack a d___ boy. 6. The baseball game was p______ because of the bad weather. 7. Be careful with that china. It’s very ______ (易碎的). 8. The government placed many ______ (限制) on foreign trade.,lower,dull,postponed,delicate,restrictions,9. The original problem has ______ (演變) into something quite different. 10. People built a _________ (紀(jì)念碑) in his honor.,evolved,monument,Homework,Retell the story to your partner. 2. Finish off the exercises in your book.,