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摘 要
本次設(shè)計的題目是履帶式液壓挖掘機(jī)挖掘機(jī)構(gòu)。與其它類型的挖掘機(jī)相比，這種類型的挖掘機(jī)因有良好通過性能應(yīng)用最廣，對松軟地面或沼澤地帶還可采用加寬、加長以及浮式履帶來降低接地比壓。
液壓挖掘機(jī)的主要特點(diǎn)為：能無級調(diào)速且調(diào)速范圍大，能得到較低的穩(wěn)定轉(zhuǎn)速，快速作用時，液壓元件產(chǎn)生的運(yùn)動慣性小，加速性能好，并可作高速反轉(zhuǎn)，傳動平穩(wěn)，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，可吸收沖擊和振動，操縱省力，易實(shí)現(xiàn)自動化控制，易于實(shí)現(xiàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、系列化、通用化。
本次設(shè)計的主要參數(shù)是斗容量0.2m3,它屬于中小型液壓挖掘機(jī)，主要設(shè)計挖掘機(jī)的工作裝置、液壓傳動原理。
在設(shè)計中，采用了履帶式行走裝置，來滿足要求。上部轉(zhuǎn)臺是全回轉(zhuǎn)式，因此它可在一個更大的范圍內(nèi)工作。又因采用液壓傳動控制而使整機(jī)性能得以改善。與機(jī)械式挖掘機(jī)相比，其挖掘力提高到2～3倍，整機(jī)質(zhì)量約為5噸，挖掘力約為30kN，最大卸載高度約為2.65m，最大挖掘深度4.2m，最大挖掘半徑約為5.728m，從中可以看出整機(jī)作業(yè)能力有了很大的改進(jìn)，不僅挖掘力大，且機(jī)器重量輕，傳動平穩(wěn)，作業(yè)效率高，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。另外，還對挖掘機(jī)的工作裝置提出基于結(jié)構(gòu)推理的機(jī)構(gòu)方案創(chuàng)新設(shè)計方法。
關(guān)鍵詞：液壓挖掘機(jī) ；挖掘機(jī)構(gòu) ；液壓系統(tǒng) ；創(chuàng)新設(shè)計
ABSTRACT
This designed topic is the marching hydraulic excavator excavational organization. Compared with other types excavators, this kind of type excavator used very universal that because has good through theperformance, also may use to lengthens widens as well as the floating type caterpillar band to reduce pressure for the soft ground or the bogregion.
The hydraulic excavator main characteristic is: not only can adjust s the stepless speed but also can adjust scope very big, can obtain a lower stable rotational speed, when action quickly, the hydraulic parts produce inertia small, accelerational theperformance good,and may make the high speed reverse, the transmission steady,structure simple, may absorb attacks and vibrates, the operation reduces effort, and to be easy to realize the automated control, is easy to realize the standardization, the seriation, the universalization.
This designed main parameter is scoop capacity 0.2m3, it is long to the middle and small scale hydraulic excavator, mainly design the excavator，s the work installment and the hydraulic transmissionprinciple.
In the design, used marching walked the installment to satisfied request. Upside the turnplate is the entire rotation , thereof it may work in a greater scope. And further because uses the hydraulicsteering to enable the entire machine performance to improve. Compared with the mechanical type excavator, its excavation strength enhance to 2 ~ 3 times, the entire machine weight approximately is 5 tons,the excavation strength approximately is 30kN, the biggest unloading high approximately is 2.65m, biggest digging depth is 4.2m, the biggest excavation radius approximately is 5.728m, thus can see the entire machine work ability to have the very big improvement, not only excavation strength big, but also machine weight light, transmission steadyly, work efficiency is high, the structure is compact. Moreover, but also proposes to the excavator work installment based on the structureinference organization plan innovation design method.
Key word：Hydraulic pressure excavator??；Excavation organization ；Hydraulic system??；Innovation design