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2019年高中英語 小題狂刷17 Unit 4 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版必修2 Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 結(jié)合語境，根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Winter is the best time for h________ in mountain areas. 2. This new book c________ all the information you want. 3. You will have to work hard if you are to s________. 4. His amusing performance caused a roar of l______ in the audience. 5. In a battle you should show no m__________ to enemies. 6. Most children ________(響應(yīng))well to individual attention in class. 7. I’m not quite ________(確定的)about how much is left in that account. 8. Only after understanding a poem can we ________(欣賞) it. 9. Many shooting ________(事件) go unreported. 10. The mayor will ________(視察) our school tomorrow. 【答案】 Ⅱ. 選詞填空 die out　 pay attention to 　protect...from burst into laughter 　do harm to have an effect on in danger in relief　 be concerned about　 in peace 1. What the boy had said 　　　　　　　his mother.? 2. Many animals have 　　　　　　 because of much killing and hunting.? 3. The farmers think the method 　　　　　　　the crops.? 4. We all 　　　　　　　when we saw the funny performance.? 5. The doctor told the parents that their son was injured badly, and was still 　　　　　 　.? 6. We should take measures to 　　　　　　the lake 　　　　　　pollution.? 7. Everyone 　　　　　　　the future of their country.? 8. She tried to 　　　　　　　what he was saying, but she heard nothing because of the noise in the street.? 9. After finishing the test paper, I went out of the classroom 　　　　　 .? 10. Don’t bother me; just let me stay here 　　　　　　 .? 【答案】 1. had an effect on 2. died out 3. does harm to 4. burst into laughter 5. in danger 6. protect; from 7. is concerned about 8. pay attention to 9. in relief 10. in peace Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. 我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)植物不受凍。 We should ___________the plants __________the cold. 2. 她有喪失生命的危險(xiǎn)。 She was _____________of losing her life. 3. 他每天都飲酒，事實(shí)上，他應(yīng)該注意自己的健康。 He drinks wine every day. In fact, he should ________________his health. 4. 如果我們不采取措施保護(hù)野生動植物，有朝一日它們將全部消亡。 If we don’t do something to protect wildlife, they ________________some day. 5. 那個(gè)嬰兒不知為什么大哭起來。 Somehow or other, the baby ______________tears. 6. 這些措施有助于降低生產(chǎn)成本。 These measures will help _________________. 7. 我慶幸的是沒有遲到。 　 _____________________, I wasn’t late. 8. 要是你能參加我的聚會我將非常感激。 　 ___________________you could e to my party. 【答案】 1. protect; from 2. in danger 3. pay attention to 4. will die out 5. burst into 6. decrease the cost of production 7. To my relief 8. I would appreciate it if IV. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. Many of the plants in this area would_____________if the government didn’t take measures to protect them. A. die away B. die down C. die out D. die from 【答案】C 2. After graduating from college, he began to wander from city to city, ___________a suitable job. A. hunting for B. getting to C. looking after D. bringing up 【答案】A 【解析】句意：大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他開始在城市間徘徊著找合適的工作。hunt for a job找工作。get to到達(dá)；look after照料；bring up撫養(yǎng)。 3. —I hear Jack’s ____________of losing his life. —Yes. At the moment the doctors are doing their best to help him____________. A. in danger; out of danger B. in the danger; out of the danger C. in the danger; out of danger D. in danger; out of the danger 【答案】A 【解析】in danger of losing one’s life＂某人有失去生命的危險(xiǎn)＂；help sb out of danger＂幫助某人脫離險(xiǎn)境＂，兩個(gè)短語中都不使用定冠詞the。 4. —Is it____________that our team will win? —Yes, that is for____________. A. sure; certain　　　　　 B. certain; sure C. made sure; certain D. made certain; sure 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我們隊(duì)能贏嗎?——是的，那是肯定的。It is certain that…一定能……；for sure確定無疑地，為固定搭配。 5. Much more attention should be paid ____________ the animals in danger of dying out. A. in protecting B. to protect C. protecting D. to protecting 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我們應(yīng)多注意保護(hù)有滅絕危險(xiǎn)的動物。pay attention to注意，其中to為介詞，后跟動名詞，該題中attention被提到了句首，變?yōu)榱吮粍诱Z態(tài)。 6. I’d appreciate ____________ if you could e and help me once more and I always appreciate __________ me with my English in the past. A. this; you to help B. that; your helping C. it; you to help D. it; your helping 【答案】D V. 課文語法填空 Daisy had always longed to help 　 1 　 species of wildlife. One day she was taken to a 　 2 　land where animals could be found. When Daisy arrived in Zimbabwe, an elephant asked her to take a photo. Daisy 　 ___3___ into laughter on hearing its words. The elephant told her they were hunted without 　 4 　. At that time the government decided to take measures to protect the wild animals, which showed the 　 5 　 of wildlife protection. When Daisy was in a thick rainforest, a monkey watched them as he 　 6 　himself. He told Daisy that he was 　 7 　 himself from mosquitoes, explaining that the millipede insect 　 8 　a powerful drug which 　 9 　 mosquitoes. He said people should pay more 　 10 　 to the rainforest where he lived. Only in this way could people live in peace with wildlife.? 【答案】 1. endangered　 2. distant 3. burst　 4. mercy 5. importance　 6. rubbed 7. protecting 8. contained 9. affected　 10. attention VI. 單句改錯(cuò) 1. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years before. ________________________________________________________________________ 2. The bones are carefully inspecting by the scientists. ________________________________________________________________________ 3. According with a UN report, many animals are dying out each year. ________________________________________________________________________ 4. He got up early such that he could catch the first bus. ________________________________________________________________________ 5. This story is about what foolish the dodo (渡渡鳥) is. ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1. before→ago 2. inspecting→inspected 3. with→to 4. such→so 5. what→how I. 閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history. Why should people care? Because we need animals. And because once they are gone, there will never be any more. Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a source of food. Every animal has its place in the balance of nature. Destroying one kind of animal can create many problems. For example, when farmers killed large numbers of hawks (鷹), the farmers' stores of corn and grain were destroyed by mice. Why? Because hawks eat mice. With no hawks to keep down their numbers，the mice multiplied quickly. Luckily, some people are working to help save the animals. Some groups raise money to let people know about the problem. And they try to get the governments to pass laws protecting animals in danger. Quite a few countries have passed laws. These laws forbid the killing of any animal or plant on the danger list. Slowly, the number of some animals in danger is growing. 1. What is the best title for the passage? A. Save the Animals B. Useful Animals C. Laws for Animals D. Animals in Danger 2. Animals are important to us mainly because ____________. A. they give us a source of food B. they are beautiful and lovely C. they keep the balance of nature D. they give us a lot of pleasure 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. People care much about animals because they need them. B. People must not kill any animal or plant. C. Killing all mice may cause some new problems. D. Once a certain kind of animal is gone forever, there will never be any more. 4. We can infer from the passage that ____________. A. people have known the importance of animal protection a long time ago B. animals play an important role in people's life C. the number of hawks is on the decrease D. many countries passed laws forbidding the killing of any animal 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文是一篇關(guān)于動物保護(hù)的說明文。目前，世界范圍內(nèi)動物的數(shù)量正在不斷下降，保護(hù)動物刻不容緩。保護(hù)動物不僅是為動物，也是為我們?nèi)祟愖约旱纳婵紤]。幸運(yùn)的是，現(xiàn)在有的國家已經(jīng)開始行動，例如成立保護(hù)組織或設(shè)立法律等對動物進(jìn)行有效的保護(hù)。 B On a hot summer day, a soft drink can really take away your thirst. At home, at school, in the park or at the movies — you can find one almost anywhere. 　　Carbonated(碳酸的) 　　You can see bubbles in these! Of all soft drinks sold, about 75 percent are carbonated. But be careful, carbonated soft drinks have lots of sugar and caffeine. Caffeine is not very good for you in the summer, because it takes water out of your body. And the sugar can make you overweight if you drink too much. 　　Fruit juice 　　There are different kinds of juice. One kind is made only from fresh fruit. This kind of fruit juice may not taste sweet enough for some people, but it is nutritious. Another kind of fruit juice tastes good but has lots of sugar in it. Many young people buy this kind because the advertisements are good. It is bad for your teeth and bones to drink lots of this. 　　Energy drinks 　　These kinds of drinks have caffeine and things that make people get excited in them. They are sometimes called ＂party drinks＂. Doctors say that if you drink too much of this kind, you may have a heart attack. 　　Bottled water 　　We have lots of different kinds of bottled water, such as mineral water, purified water and distilled(蒸餾的) water. They are clean and easy to drink. But it is best not to drink very cold water. It may make your stomach feel bad. Sports drinks Most of these have funny names like＂Scream＂ and ＂G-Vital＂. They have lots of vitamins and minerals in them. After you play sports, you may want to drink one of these. But if you just spend your summer holiday sitting around watching TV, you won’t need them at all! 5. Which of the following is NOT suitable for you to take if you go climbing? A. Carbonated soft drinks. B. Fruit juice. C. Bottled water. D. Sports drink. 6. If you have to stay up late, what kind of water may help you? A. Fruit juice. B. Energy drinks. C. Bottled water. D. Sports drink. 7. What’s the probable reason for you to drink sports drinks after sport? A.They have funny names that sound very exciting. B.They can recover the minerals lost in your sweat. C.They can effectively get rid of your thirst. D.They can take away your vitamins and minerals. 8. What’s the main purpose of the author writing this article? A. To advise us to keep away from unhealthy soft drinks. B. To teach us some useful ways of keeping healthy. C. To make advertisements for the soft drink panies. D. To tell us how to choose a suitable one from different drinks. 【答案】 【語篇解讀】文章介紹了各種各樣的飲料，目的是告訴我們怎樣從眾多的飲料中挑選一款好的飲料。 Ⅱ. 語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 It is important to fix our eyes on the protection of wildlife，because at present they are in danger. Every day some species of animals or plants are dying out. On the one hand, people hunt animals for food or for clothing _ 1 _ some have thick furs _ 2 _ can be made into clothes. On the other hand, men think some animals are _ 3 _ (fiercely) and attack them to death. ___4___ this reason, they can’t get along well with wildlife. And as a result, what they do _ 5 _ (endanger) the wildlife. In order to protect the wildlife _ 6 _ extinction (滅絕), it is necessary to set up wildlife reserves (保護(hù)區(qū)) ___7___ some special zones for wildlife. What’s more, _ 8 _ (lead) the consciousness of wildlife protection to e into being is the _ 9 _ (much) important. Only when the above has _ 10 _ good effect on wildlife can it be protected and the species develop gradually and safely. 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文號召大家行動起來，保護(hù)環(huán)境，避免更多的物種滅絕。 1. because 考查連詞。此處表直接原因。 2. which/that 考查關(guān)系代詞。在限制性定語從句中，先行詞是物且作主語，引導(dǎo)詞既可以用which，又可以用that。 3. fierce 考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換(形容詞)。此處用形容詞作表語。fierce是fiercely的形容詞。 4. For 考查介詞。for this reason固定搭配。 5. endangers 考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。endanger ＂使……有危險(xiǎn)＂，作謂語，而且主語是從句，所以用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 6. from 考查介詞。protect...from...＂保護(hù)……不受……＂。 7. or 考查連詞。由上下文可知，此處表示選擇，故填or。 III. 短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 Last Sunday, my brother and I were playing by the lake when my brother fall into the lake. I was too frightening to know what to do. Fortunate, a young couple passed by and saw us. The man who immediately dived into the water and took my bother to the bank with difficulty. In a meanwhile, the lady called the ambulance in time. After the ambulance came, the lady, who proved to be a nurse, performing first aid to him. A few minutes later, my brother sent to the nearest hospital at once. Thanks for the couple, my brother was saved. The story is a good example where first aid makes a lot of differences to one’s life in an emergency. 【答案】 Last Sunday, my brother and I were playing by the lake when my brother into the lake. I was too to know what to do. , a young couple passed by and saw us. The man immediately dived into the water and took my bother to the bank with difficulty. In meanwhile, the lady called the ambulance in time. the ambulance came, the lady, who proved to be a nurse, first aid to him. A few minutes later, my brother sent to the nearest hospital at once. Thanks the couple, my brother was saved. The story is a good example where first aid makes a lot of to one’s life in an emergency. 第一處：fall→fell 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)前文可知fall 是發(fā)生在過去的動作，所以應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故將fall改為fell。 I. 完成句子 1. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I改編)Now, I _____________ (感激) the silence and the new way of munication it opens. 2. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷III改編) Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, _____________ (employ) were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. 3. (xx·天津改編) Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and ___________ (appreciate) the view. 4. (xx·浙江改編) They _____________ (affect) by certain body chemicals. 5. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷II改編) Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other — but always with an underlying _____________ (affect). 6. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷III改編) Why is driving important ____________ older people according to Phil Blythe? 7. (xx·浙江改編) For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, ＂Why do you think environmental (protect) is important in America?＂ 8. (xx·江蘇改編) Moreover, the USA has a track record of (success) accepting immigrants. 9. (xx·北京改編) Some researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult questions but never allowing them ___________(affect) the real world. 10. (xx·北京改編) When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone ___________(protect). 11. (xx·北京改編) The team discovered that some synapses seem ___________(protect) and stayed the same size. 12. (xx·浙江改編) So even if emissions were to begin to ___________(減少) today, we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. 13. (xx·江蘇改編) This plete but brief historical collection is ___________ (確定的) to entertain readers young and old, and guaranteed to present even the biggest history lover with something new! 14. (xx·江蘇改編) Governments could order the sharing of ___________ (確定的) kinds of data, with users’ consent. 15. (xx·北京改編)It ___________ (certain) was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. 16. (xx·江蘇改編)When it es to adaptation, it is important ___________ (understand) that climate change is a process. 17. (xx·北京改編)It’s as if the brain is preserving its most ____________(重要的) memories. 18. (xx·天津改編)Perhaps the most ____________(power) type of waiting is the Lucky-Break Wait. 19. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷II改編)Scientists find from their studies that plants can protect themselves ___________ insects. 20. (xx·天津改編)Suppose you’re in a rush, feeling tired, not paying attention _____________ your screen, and you send an email that could get you in trouble. 21. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷II)The central London Railway was one of the most _____________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. 22. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷III) It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. 23. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I)This trend, which was started by the medical munity（醫(yī)學(xué)界） (1) a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side (2) (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical munity was trying to fight. 24. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I) It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.(改錯(cuò)) 【答案】 1. appreciate 2. employees 3. appreciate 4. are affected 5. affection 6. for 7. protection 8. successfully 9. to affect 10. is protected 11. to be protected 12. decrease 13. certain 14. certain 15. certainly 16. to understand 17. important 18. powerful 19. against 20. to II. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. (xx·浙江改編) Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge… She had asked the government for permission to move the books to a _____________ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe 【答案】D 【解析】考查形容詞。她想獲得政府的許可，將書轉(zhuǎn)移到安全的地方。A. large大的；B. public公共的；C. distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；D. safe安全的。故選D。 2. (xx·天津改編) A seminar leader shared her story — she had not only 125 lost pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science 【答案】B 3. (xx·江蘇改編) In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, turning up at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to music, as he hated getting to school extra early. A. betray B. accept C. avoid D. appreciate 【答案】C 【解析】考查動詞。根據(jù)＂as he hated getting to school extra early＂可知，Gabriel討厭過早到校，因此他發(fā)誓＂不學(xué)＂音樂，A. 背叛；B. 接受；C. 避免，避開；D. 欣賞。故選C。 4. (xx·北京) The little problems ___________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我們在日常生活中遇到的小問題可能就是偉大發(fā)明的靈感。_________ we meet in our daily lives是定語從句，從句缺少賓語，先行詞是problems，用that。 5. (xx·陜西)I’d appreciate __________ if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will e. A. it B. you C. one D. this 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果你能讓我提前知道你是否能來我會很感激的。I would appreciate it if… ＂如果……我會很感激的＂，it是形式賓語。 III. 閱讀理解 Passage 1 (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷I)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(貓頭鷹) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick(雛鳥) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree. The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and fortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to