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2019年高中英語 小題狂刷05 Unit 3 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版必修1 I. 單詞拼寫 結(jié)合語境，根據(jù)漢語提示用單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. The salesman ________(說服) us to buy his product. 2. She is a ________ (畢業(yè)生) student in literature. 3. They________(終于) realized that the whole thing was a joke. 4. They have planned a tight________(日程表) of travel. 5. He has the ability to________(組織). 6. The workers are ________(決定) to finish the job on time. 7. It is one day’s________(旅程) to get to the seaside. 8. There were perhaps ten________(步) between me and the bear. 【答案】 1. persuaded　 2. graduate 3. finally　 4. schedule 5. organize　 6. determined 7. journey　 8. paces II. 在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 1. Many people living in cities would actually ________ ________(更喜歡) live in the countryside. (prefer) 2. In school, we always arrange all kinds of activities ________ ________ (按時(shí)間表). (schedule) 3. ________ ________ ________(決心培養(yǎng)) his daughter in English, he spent much money employing English teachers.(determine) 4. Many young girls ________ ________ ________(夢想成為) astronauts like Liu Yang. (dream) 5. Who will ________ ________(照顧) the children if their parents are away？(care) 6. He has ________ ________ ________ ________(下定決心) to go abroad for further education.(mind) 7. Finally, she had to ________ ________ ________(屈服于) my new views.(give) 8. She ________ ________ ________(喜歡) telling other people what to do.(fond) 【答案】 1. prefer to　 2. on schedule 3. Determined to train　 4. dream about/of being 5. care for　 6. made up his mind 7. give in to 　 8. is fond of III. 選詞填空(注意形式的變化) put up as usual stay awake for pany be fond of care about change one’s mind ever since give in make up one’s mind 1. David __________ fun too much, so the boss doesn’t like him. 2. Children _________ the environment and want to help keep it clean. 3. As we can’t afford a bigger house we must __________ to stay here. 4. If you __________ about the job, just give me a call and I’ll find another one to do it. 5. We will carry on fighting to the end and we will never __________. 6. We’ve been friends ________ we were at school together. 7. After supper he went to sleep quickly but I ________. 8. We can ________ you ________ for the night. 9. I hate going out alone; I take my daughter __________. 10. Everything went on ________ as though nothing had happened. 【答案】 1. is fond of 2. care about 3. make up our minds 4. change your mind 5. give in 6. ever since 7. stayed awake 8. put; up 9. for pany 10. as usual IV. 領(lǐng)會(huì)句子所用的句型并譯成漢語 1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. That’s what we looked like! ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I. 閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A Most people usually traveled by ship and train which are driven by steam engine. It played an important part in many kinds of vehicles several scores of years ago. Who invented steam engine and what units could be used to measure the power of engine? 　　He discovered that a horse could lift a 3,300-pound weight 10 feet into the air in one minute. His engine could lift a 3300-pound weight 100 feet in one minute. Because his engine did ten times as much work as the horse, Watt called it a ten horse-power engine. 1. The main idea of the passage is ___________. A. how much power does a horse have B. James Watt invented the steam engine C. why Watt’s engine is called a ten horse-power engine D. James Watt first used horse-power as a unit of measure 2. The story says that Watt made the first ___________. A. widely used steam engine B. horse-power engine C. useful engine D. engine 3. James Watt was born in ___________. A. a farmer’s family B. a worker’s family C. a teacher’s family D. a doctor’s steam engine 4. One horse-power means the _____________. A. weight a horse could do in ten minutes B. work a horse could do in ten minutes C. work a horse could do in a minute D. weight of one horse 【答案】 2. A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句… made the world first widely used steam engine.可知，A正確。 3. B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句James Watt from a worker’s family...可知，B正確。 4. C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，1馬力等于一匹馬在一分鐘內(nèi)所作的功。故選C。 B Boys and girls, I think most of you like travelling. Usually, people feel excited before a tour, but during it, they may feel they are not well prepared for it.After it they feel it is not worth the tour.Then how can you make your tour more interesting and meaningful? Here is some advice. Firstly — Look! Certainly we should look at the scenery very carefully. Also, before we leave our house, we should find some books about the place of interest. We should first know something about the place, such as its geography, its history and its famous people, etc. When we are ready for the tour, we can really understand the place during our tour even if we don’t have much time. Secondly — Take photos! When we visit a place of interest, most of us take a camera. If you want to take some photos, remember to choose the most special sights. Don’t choose the sight that we can see in other places.For example, Beidaihe, Qingdao and Zhuhai are coastal(沿海的)cities. Don’t only take photos of the sea. You should take something else, too. Thirdly — Taste! Some people like to buy some food that they like most during their tours. In my opinion, don’t buy the food that you like most because you can buy it in your own city or town.You had better taste something special in the place of interest.Snacks in some places are very delicious.And from a place’s snacks, you can find its food culture. So why not taste them? Maybe you have just one chance to taste it in your life. Fourthly — Write! When you visit a place, you should take a pen and a notebook, so you can write something down. It’s possible that you write a good article. Later, when you read it, you will feel that you can find the pleasure during the tour. Have a good time! 5.From the passage we can know it is__________. A.a speech　　　 B. an essay C.a novel D. a story 6. Travellers feel they can’t enjoy their tours fully because__________. A. they feel too excited before the tour B. they are not well prepared for the tour C. they don’t like travelling in fact D. there are better places to travel 7. According to the passage, which of the statements is NOT proper during a tour? A. We should learn something about the place before travelling. B. We had better take photos where there are special sights. C. Write something during the tour and you can enjoy the tour more. D. Don’t taste food in the place of interest in order to keep healthy. 8. It can be inferred from the passage that__________. A. not all the tourists have a good time during the tour B. people can enjoy a tour if they like travelling C. the author’ s advice is useless D. don’t take photos by the sea 【答案】 【語篇理解】文章告訴讀者如何解決＂旅游前激動(dòng)，游后后悔＂的問題。 Ⅱ. 語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Many English language learners believe that the 1 (great) difficulty with listening prehension is that the listener cannot control how quickly a speaker speaks. They feel that what the speaker says disappear __2__ they can follow, while the words in a written text remain on the page where the reader can look back at them. This frequently means that students 3 are learning to listen cannot keep up. They are so busy working out the meaning 4 one part of what they hear that they miss the next part. Or they 5 (simple) ignore a whole section because they fail to catch it quickly enough. Either way, they fail. Another difficulty is that the listener is not always in a position to get the speaker to repeat what has been said. And, of course, repeats cannot 6 (ask) for when listening to the radio or watching TV. Besides, 7 (choose) of vocabulary is in the hands of the speaker, not the listener. Very often, for people listening to a foreign language, an unknown word can be like a suddenly 8 (drop) barrier (障礙) making them stop and think about the meaning of the word, 9 (cause) them to miss the next part of the speech. In listening, it really is a case of ＂He who 10 (stop) to work out the meaning is lost.＂ 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了聽力理解的困難以及解決方法。 1. greatest 考查形容詞最高級(jí)語法。本句中使用最高級(jí)greatest表示聽力最大的困難是無法控制說話者的語速。 2. before 考查連詞辨析。連詞before在……前； before有多種翻譯方法，本句中意為＂還沒有來得及……就……＂他們感覺到他們還沒有來得及理解，說話者說的內(nèi)容就消失了。 3. who 考查定語從句。本題定語從句的先行詞是students，關(guān)系代詞who指代先行詞在從句中作主語，不能省略。 4. of 考查介詞。介詞of表示隸屬關(guān)系，意為＂……的＂，短語the meaning of one part指＂一部分的意思＂。 5. simply 考查副詞。在英語中副詞通常作狀語修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，而形容詞通常作定語或表語修飾名詞，所以本句中使用副詞simply作狀語修飾謂語動(dòng)詞ignore a whole section。 6. be asked 考查語態(tài)。本句主語repeat重復(fù)，與動(dòng)詞ask之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 7. choice 考查名詞。本句中＂ 7 (choose) of vocabulary＂在句中作主語，要使用名詞形式，所以使用choice。 III. 短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 I am travelling back with my parents from seeing my grandparents then it started to snow. At first, I thought it was fun and everything looked beautifully. I was looking forward to make a snowman in the playground at school the next day, and suddenly the car drove off road and into a channel. My father called the rescue team, but they said that would be a long time before they could reach us. However, we sang songs and told stories to pass the time. Several hour later, the rescue team pulled their car out of the channel. At last, we managed to drive very slowly to home. I would never forget this experience. 【答案】 I travelling back with my parents from seeing my grandparents it started to snow. At first, I thought it was fun and everything looked . I was looking forward to a snowman in the playground at school the next day, and suddenly the car drove off road and into a channel. My father called the rescue team, but they said would be a long time before they could reach us. , we sang songs and told stories to pass the time. Several later, the rescue team pulled car out of the channel. At last, we managed to drive very slowly home. I would never forget this experience. 第二處：then→when 考查連詞。本句是一個(gè)固定句式：be doing sth when...正在做某事在這時(shí)……；其中when意為＂在那時(shí)＂后句表示意料之外的事情，引導(dǎo)并列句。句意：我正和父母親看望爺爺奶奶回來的路上。在這時(shí)開始下雪了。 第三處：beautifully→beautiful 考查形容詞。本句中形容詞beautiful和系動(dòng)詞look連用構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：起初我認(rèn)為下雪很有趣，一切看起來會(huì)很漂亮。 第四處：make→making 考查動(dòng)名詞。動(dòng)詞短語look forward to sth/doing sth期待某物/做某事；其中的to是介詞，后面要接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。所以本句中使用了動(dòng)名詞making在句中作賓語。 第五處：off后加the 考查定冠詞。在英語中定冠詞the表示特指，所以本句中the road特指我們開車正走著的路。 第六處：that→it 考查代詞。本句是一個(gè)固定句式：It be+一段時(shí)間+before從句，意為＂一段時(shí)間以后某事才發(fā)生＂。其中的代詞it指代時(shí)間。 第七處：However→Therefore 考查副詞。句意：救援人員說要很久以后他們才能找到我們，因此我們唱歌并講故事來消磨時(shí)間。上下文之間是因果關(guān)系，而不是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用副詞therefore表示因果關(guān)系。 第八處：hour→hours 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。名詞＂hour＂(小時(shí))是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞，前面有several修飾，說明應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 第九處：their→our 考查代詞。本句中our指代＂父母親和我＂，指救援人員把我們的汽車開除了隧道。 第十處：刪除to 考查副詞。本句中＂home＂是一個(gè)副詞，要單獨(dú)使用，前面不能加介詞。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有：on the way home在回家的路上。 1. (xx·湖北改編)It was a new （idea） to Jason. He thought of his bird with no （seeds） and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother, but was that he would not tell a lie. A. concerned B. amazed C. excited D. determined 【答案】D 2. (xx·北京)You won’ t find paper cutting difficult __________ you keep practicing it. A. even if B. as long as C. as if D. ever since 【答案】B 【解析】句意：只要你不斷練習(xí)，你不會(huì)覺得剪紙很難。even though即使，雖然；as long as只要；as if猶如，好像；ever since自從。結(jié)合句意，故選B。 3. (xx·湖南)It was when we were returning home __________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. A. which B. that C. where D. how 【答案】B 【解析】此句是It was...開頭且去掉It was和空格處后，剩下部分是一個(gè)完整意義上的句子，故判斷此句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)when we were returning home；強(qiáng)調(diào)句的常用句型：It is (was) + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that (who)...。句意：正是在我們回家的時(shí)候我才意識(shí)到幫助別人于危難之時(shí)的感覺是多么令人愉悅。故選B。 4. (xx·重慶)Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century __________ his musical gift was fully recognized. A. while B. though C. that D. after 【答案】C 【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語。句意：Bech于1750年去世，但是直到19世紀(jì)初，他的音樂天賦才被認(rèn)可。 5. (xx·天津)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel __________ the coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that 【答案】D 6. (xx·新課標(biāo)全國卷III改編)... We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, （but） I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s （accident） ... His words freed me from my bad ... A. memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams 【答案】D 【解析】考查名詞辨析。A. memories記憶；B. ideas主意；C. attitudes態(tài)度；D. dreams夢。得到了Miller的認(rèn)可之后，作者的噩夢也不見了蹤影，故選D。 7. (xx·福建)When he retired three years ago, he his church music director to take him as a student. A. allowed B. invited C. inspired D. persuaded 【答案】D 【解析】當(dāng)三年前他退休以后，他說服了教堂的音樂主管收他為學(xué)生。persuade sb to do sth說服某人做某事。allow允許；invite邀請；inspire鼓舞；persuade說服。故選D。 8. (xx·天津改編) difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldn’t know whether you make the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with passion and a （positive） attitude. A. Depending on B. Supplied with C. Faced with D. Insisting on 【答案】C 【解析】母親過去經(jīng)常告訴我，面對一些艱難的決定，你無法確定自己是否做出了正確的選擇，但本著熱情積極的態(tài)度，你總是可以在當(dāng)時(shí)的情況下做出最好的選擇。只有C選項(xiàng)Faced with ＂面臨、面對著＂與上下文語境相符，故選Ｃ。 9. (xx·江蘇改編)Kurt （listened） patiently, but then he smiled and said, ＂You don’t have a personal plan for growth, do you?＂ A. eagerly B. gradually C. gratefully D. finally 【答案】D 10. (xx·陜西)We can eat out if you like, but I would __________（更喜歡）to stay in. 【答案】prefer 【解析】句意：如果你喜歡的話我們可以出去吃飯，但我更喜歡在家吃。根據(jù)句意及括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語提示可知要填prefer，prefer to do sth＂更愿意做某事＂。 11. (xx·湖北)__________ that they found the long lost sword of the Ming Dynasty. (be) 就是在這個(gè)湖里，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了失蹤已久的明代寶劍。 【答案】It was in this lake 【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為＂It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常為主語/賓語/表語/狀語）+其他成分＂，該句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語in this lake。因此填：It was in this lake。