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2019年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法對(duì)點(diǎn)講練 時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài) 新人教版 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法知識(shí) 1．(xx·天津卷)The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers ________ one of the main pipes. A. had repaired B. have repaired C. repaired D. are repairing 答案與解析　D　句意：水供應(yīng)因工人們正維護(hù)一個(gè)主要管道被臨時(shí)中斷。由句意知句子應(yīng)用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．(xx·山東卷)— Oh no! We're too late. The train ________. — That's OK. We'll catch the next train to London. A. was leaving B. had left C. has left D. has been leaving 答案與解析　C　句意：——噢不！我們太晚了?；疖囈呀?jīng)離開了?！獩](méi)什么。我們將乘下一列去倫敦的火車。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知火車已經(jīng)離去，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 3．(xx·湖南卷)“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I ________ president，” said the boy, with a smile. A. have been B. am C. was D. will be 答案與解析　D　句意：克勞弗德夫人問(wèn)“你想成為什么？”小男孩笑著說(shuō)：“噢，我要成為總統(tǒng)”。指的是小男孩將來(lái)成為總統(tǒng)。故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 4．(xx·北京海淀區(qū)第一學(xué)期期中)— What happened to Tom? — He ________ his leg while playing football with his classmates. A. had broken B. has broken C. broke D. was breaking 答案與解析　C　上句問(wèn)的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況，回答說(shuō)“他在和同班同學(xué)踢足球時(shí)摔斷了腿”，是講過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生了某事，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，選C項(xiàng)。 5．(xx·重慶卷)I felt very tired when I got home, and I ________ straight to bed. A. go B. went C. had gone D. have gone 答案與解析　B　這是一個(gè)并列句， and前面的分句使用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，說(shuō)“我到家時(shí)很累”， and后面的分句說(shuō)“我就直接上床睡覺(jué)了”； and“然后”，表述了其后的動(dòng)作。都是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的陳述。所以空處填一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 6．They don't know what is going to happen when the project ________ (finish)． 答案與解析　is finished　在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。 7．— You're trembling. What's happened? — I ________ (stand) outside in the cold for over an hour waiting for a bus. 答案與解析　was standing　由語(yǔ)境可知， stand這一動(dòng)作是在過(guò)去的over an hour這一時(shí)間段內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 8．— Where did you go on National Day? — Jiuzhai Valley. I ________ (plan) to go to France, but the expense was too high. 答案與解析　had planned　上句用的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的but可知，由于開銷太大，答話者沒(méi)有按原計(jì)劃去法國(guó)，而是去九寨溝了。用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 9．— May I speak to your manager at four o'clock this afternoon? — I'm sorry. He ________ (go) to a conference long before then. 答案與解析　will have gone　由上句可知是今天下午四點(diǎn)的事，是將來(lái)的情況，答語(yǔ)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示今天下午四點(diǎn)之前將會(huì)發(fā)生的事。與將來(lái)完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有before＋將來(lái)時(shí)間或by＋將來(lái)時(shí)間。答語(yǔ)中的long before then是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 10．(xx·漳州七校5月聯(lián)考)We haven't moved into the new office building — it ________ (decorate) right now. 答案與解析　is being decorated　由right now一詞可知，辦公樓正在被裝修，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。office building與decorate之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Sometimes a book can be so __11__ (forgettable) that its ideas, characters and events pass into everyday life. One such book is The Adventures of Pinocchio (《木偶?xì)v險(xiǎn)記》) by the Italian author Carlo Collodi. There __12__ be millions of people, who, if caught lying, have been told, “Your nose is growing！” Many don't even know the original liar with the growing nose was a wooden puppet (木偶) boy as a famous fairy tale __13__ children. Pinocchio __14__ (e) into being when a man finds a talking piece of wood, __15__ he gives to a poor old wood carver __16__ (call) Geppetto, who carves it into a wooden puppet boy. From __17__ beginning, Pinocchio is naughty. Instead of going to school, he sells his school books so that he can see a carnival. He is __18__ foolish as to get Geppetto and himself into trouble. Collodi's tale is full of fantasies that stir (激發(fā)) the __19__ (imagine) of children and adults. For example, Pinocchio is swallowed by a shark. Later, Pinocchio goes down to hell. What Pinocchio desperately wants is __20__ (bee) a real boy. He does bee that in the end. To bee a real boy Pinocchio has to learn to behave well, just as real children have to “grow up” before they can bee adults. 答案與解析　 11．unforgettable　根據(jù)句意“書的思想、人物和事物融入日常生活”，可知書令人難忘，填unforgettable。 12．must　must表猜測(cè)，意為“肯定會(huì)”。 13．for　for children“給孩子的”。 14．es　e into being“形成”，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 15．which　which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞a talking piece of wood。 16．called　call與其邏輯主語(yǔ)wood carver為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用其過(guò)去分詞形式作定語(yǔ)。 17．the　from the beginning“從一開始”。 18．so　so＋adj.＋as to do sth.“如此……以至于……”。 19．imaginations　他的童話激發(fā)孩子和大人的想象力(imagination)。 20．to bee　不定式作表語(yǔ)表具體的動(dòng)作。 Ⅳ.完形填空 (xx·中原名?？记皦狠S考試) Yesterday I was returning from Boston by bus. My wife was planning to leave the work to __21__ me up from the bus station. I called her to say not to bother. I would just __22__ the local bus to her. While I was sitting on the bus a young woman with a dog __23__. She was carrying several bags of heavy books. I noticed the dog was an emergency dog, one that was trained to __24__ the owner of a possible seizure. I __25__ the young woman mention to someone else that she __26__ had two miles to walk with the __27__ books after she got off the bus. I thought maybe I should ask if she wanted a ride but I wasn't sure which __28__ she was getting off at so I __29__ and didn't ask. I got off the bus at the stop where my wife was __30__. As we were driving home, all of a sudden I saw the __31__ young lady with her dog. I asked my wife to __32__ and I asked the young lady if she would like a __33__. She said she would love a ride but she was __34__ about the dog who was quite big and a little on the weak side. I asked if the dog could get in the __35__. He tried to do it by himself but in the end I had to lift him in. __36__， the dog's name was Sam. The young lady got in and I __37__. There was Sam, sitting very proudly in the back seat with his __38__. It was quite a sight! We took them both home and the lady was very appreciative. When reflecting on this __39__， I was a little sad that I didn't act the first time on the bus. But I was very happy to have had the second __40__ to do what I should have done the first time. 21．A. cut B. pick C. turn D. bring 22．A. urge B. drive C. take D. expose 23．A. relied on B. put on C. got on D. got in 24．A. impress B. guess C. cure D. warn 25．A. heard B. saw C. touched D. listened 26．A. even B. then C. still D. already 27．A. interesting B. heavy C. useful D. important 28．A. door B. stand C. stop D. direction 29．A. supported B. nodded C. moved D. hesitated 30．A. waiting B. building C. working D. repairing 31．A. same B. similar C. different D. equal 32．A. think up B. pull over C. think of D. shut up 33．A. solution B. helper C. ride D. reminder 34．A. embarrassed B. relaxed C. puzzled D. concerned 35．A. horse B. train C. bus D. car 36．A. On the way B. In the way C. By the way D. In a way 37．A. looked back B. looked up C. looked down D. looked for 38．A. friend B. owner C. mother D. bags 39．A. mirror B. experience C. event D. trip 40．A. method B. approach C. luck D. chance 答案與解析　 21．B　第一段倒數(shù)第二句可知，我打電話給她說(shuō)不要麻煩，可推知我的妻子正計(jì)劃(下班)來(lái)汽車站接我。pick sb.up“接某人”； cut up“切碎”； turn up“出現(xiàn)；到來(lái)；開大”； bring up“撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)”。B項(xiàng)正確。 22．C　第二段的While I was sitting on the bus ...可知， 我將乘當(dāng)?shù)氐墓财嚨剿抢?。乘公共汽車用take, C項(xiàng)正確。 23．C　第三段She got off the bus可知，一位帶著狗的年輕婦女上了車，上公共汽車用get on。 rely on“依靠”； put on“穿上”。選擇C項(xiàng)。 24．D　前面說(shuō)an emergency dog，可以知道是用來(lái)“警告；提醒”主人的。D項(xiàng)正確。 25．A　從下文的mention可知，是我聽見年輕婦女跟其他人提到從公共汽車上下來(lái)之后，她有兩英里路要走。 A項(xiàng)正確。 26．C　下車后，仍要走兩英里，所以用still。C項(xiàng)正確。 27．B　上文的She was carrying several bags of heavy books.可知，是很重的書。選擇B項(xiàng)。 28．C　此處指的是我不確定她要在哪個(gè)站下車。stop“車站”。第四段也有提及。C項(xiàng)正確。 29．D　上文的I wasn't sure ...可知，因此我猶豫了并且沒(méi)有問(wèn)。D項(xiàng)符合文意。 30．A　下文的As we were driving home ...和第一段可知，我妻子在等著我。A項(xiàng)正確。 31．A　從下文看，是作者在公共汽車上看到的婦女，所以用same, A項(xiàng)正確。 32．B　因?yàn)槲覀冋_車回家，我看到了剛才那位車上帶著狗的女士，所以想讓她搭車，故要把車停到路邊。pull over“路邊停車”； think up“想出；設(shè)計(jì)出”； think of“想起”； shut up“安靜；閉嘴”。B項(xiàng)符合文意。 33．C　下文的She said she would love a ride ...可知，我問(wèn)她是否需要乘車，選擇C項(xiàng)。 34．D　根據(jù)下文看，她擔(dān)心狗， be concerned about“擔(dān)心；掛念”， D項(xiàng)正確。 35．D　get in the car“上車”；上火車(汽車，馬)要用get on，而上小汽車用get in。D項(xiàng)正確。 36．C　by the way“順便說(shuō)一句”， 符合文章意思。 on the way“在路上”； in the way“擋道；礙事”； in a way“在某種程度上”。本題選擇C項(xiàng)。 37．A　根據(jù)下文的sitting very proudly in the back seat.可知，作者向后看(look back), A項(xiàng)正確。 38．B　因?yàn)镾am是狗，所以應(yīng)是與“主人”坐在一起。B項(xiàng)正確。 39．B　總結(jié)上文可知這是作者的一次“經(jīng)歷”，B項(xiàng)正確。 40．D　從上文可知，作者在公共汽車上時(shí)沒(méi)問(wèn)那位年輕的婦女是否要搭便車，而當(dāng)再次看到那位婦女時(shí)，有了第二次“機(jī)會(huì)”去做第一次他該做而沒(méi)做的事。D項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅴ.閱讀理解 A famous painting called “Adele One” was recently sold to a museum in New York City. The head of the museum reportedly paid $135 million for the painting. This would be the highest price ever paid for a painting. However, this big price is not the only reason the painting is special. It has a plex and unusual history. A century ago, Adele was a young woman living in Austria. She was smart, beautiful and rich. Her husband, Ferdinand, loved her very much. He asked the famous artist Klimt to paint her portrait in 1907. Mister Klimt painted a wonderful portrait. The woman in his painting looks mysterious and beautiful. The background of the painting is a rich gold. Many experts said the painting looks like pictures painted by Egyptian artists thousands of years ago. Klimt had created four other paintings for the family. In 1938, the Nazi Germans invaded Austria. Being Jewish, Ferdinand quickly fled to Switzerland. He wrote that the Klimt paintings should be given to the surviving members of his family. It was too late, however. The Nazis had already seized all the family's property, including the valuable paintings. Maria is a member of the family who escaped from Austria. In xx, the Austrian government passed a law requiring museums to return such art works to the families that owned them before World War Two. So Maria went to court to gain back her family's paintings. Last month, the family sold the painting “Adele One” to Ronald Lauder, who is the founder and president of the Neue Galerie, a small museum in New York. All Klimt paintings will be shown at the Neue Galerie for two months, starting next week. 41．The text mainly tells us why a 1907 painting by Klimt was ________. A. sold for a record of $135 million B. returned to the museum C. stolen by the Nazi Germans D. sold at so low a price 答案與解析　A　第一段最后“However, this big price is not the only reason the painting is special. It has a plex and unusual history.”引出本文的議論主題，全文旨在說(shuō)明克里姆特1907年畫的這張畫賣到一億三千五百萬(wàn)美元的原因。 42．How many Klimt paintings of the family will be shown at the museum next two months? A. Only one. B. Two. C. Three. D. Five. 答案與解析　D　根據(jù)第三段中的“Klimt had created four other paintings for the family.”可知。一幅加上另外四幅，一共是五幅。故選D項(xiàng)。 43．The painting was returned to its owner's family according to ________. A. Ferdinand's will B. Maria's efforts C. Austrian law D. Lauder's support 答案與解析　C　根據(jù)第五段中的“In l998, the Austrian government passed a law requiring museums to return such art works to the families that owned them before World War Two. So Maria went to court to gain back her family's paintings.”可知。 44．What can be inferred from the passage? A. The painting is sold at a very high price for its specialty. B. The painting contains five persons including Adele. C. The invaders stole the paintings and returned them back. D. The painting is as wonderful as those by Egyptian artists. 答案與解析　D　根據(jù)第三段中的“Many experts said the painting looks like pictures painted by Egyptian artists thousands of years ago.”可知。