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形容詞和副詞,中考語法,概念認(rèn)知,形容詞修飾名詞，說明人或事物的性質(zhì)或特征。如：beautiful， excellent， interesting等。 副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、或其它結(jié)構(gòu)。如：usually，carefully， luckily等。,考點分布,（1）形容詞的主要用法（作定語、表語和賓語補足語） （2）形容詞和副詞比較等級的構(gòu)成及用法（原級、比較級和最高級） （3）副詞的種類。,考點梳理,考點一 形容詞的作用,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( )1. —That clothes store is _______ on weekends. — I see. I’ll go there next Monday then. A. open B. close C. opened D. closed ( )2. It is ________ for me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at English. A. bad B. easy C. hard D. right ( )3. —Have you heard the song Stay Here Forever? —Yes. It sounds ________. A. well B. loudly C. sweet D. beautifully,B,D,C,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( )4. Some of the tired students keep their eyes _____ in breaks. A. opened B. close C. closed D. open ( ) 5. —Where would you like to go this Mid-Autumn Festival? — I’d like to go____________. A. everywhere relaxing B. somewhere relaxing C. peaceful anywhere D. peaceful somewhere,B,C,考點梳理,考點二 形容詞的用法,1.形容詞名詞化： 有些形容詞前加定冠詞后變成名詞，即：the + 形容詞，表示一類人。作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 這類詞有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人種等)。如： The young should take good care of the old. 年輕人應(yīng)該好好照顧老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country. 在這個國家富人從來不幫助窮人。 2. 數(shù)詞的復(fù)合詞形式起形容詞作用，作定語時要前置，中心詞用單數(shù)，詞之間要加連字符。 a one-thousand-word article 一篇千字文 an 8-year-old girl 一個八歲大的女孩,考點梳理,3. 形容詞和空間、時間單位合用時須后置。 two years ago 兩年前 100 miles long 一百英里長 two meters high 兩米高 five meters deep 五米深 4. 多個形容詞做定語時排列的先后順序： (冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞或名詞所有格形式)+ 描述性的定語(數(shù)量、性質(zhì)、大小、新舊、年齡、顏色)+ 本質(zhì)性的定語+ 被修飾的名詞 例如：a black young German dog The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates. 那個婦女買了兩個漂亮的中國盤子。 5. else要放在疑問代詞或復(fù)合不定詞之后。如： Did you see anybody else? 你看到別的人了嗎？,考點梳理,考點三 形容詞與副詞的變化規(guī)律,考點梳理,考點四 副詞的作用,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( )6. It’s dark. I can’t see the words on the blackboard ________. A. carefully B. clearly C. silently D. patiently ( )7. We are happy to see our city is developing _______ these years than before. A. quickly B. the most quickly C. very quickly D. more quickly ( )8. —It’s said that Mo Yan’s speech was wonderful. —That’s true. We clapped our hands _______ many times during his speech yesterday. A. excited B. excitedly C. exciting D. excitingly ( )9. — How is your mother now? — She is ________ to go to work. A. enough good B. good enough C. enough well D. well enough,B,D,B,D,考點梳理,考點五 副詞的種類,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( ) 10. — As we know it’s difficult to live in a foreign country. —_________if you can’t understand the language there. A. Exactly B. Naturally C. Usually D. Especially ( ) 11. —Fred is studying Chinese in one evening school. —Is that true? He has____told me about it. A. ever B. even C. already D. never,D,D,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( ) 12. —What happened outside just now? —A car hit a man. _______, the man wasn’t badly hurt. A. Luckily B. Hardly C. Unluckily D. Especially ( ) 13. —Alex, did you find our old school last week? —Yes, but with much difficulty, for it has________ changed over these years. A. completely B. never C. hardly D. partly ( ) 14. Teenagers should be encouraged to go _______and be close to nature. A. inside B. back C. outside D. off,A,A,C,考點梳理,考點六 形容詞和副詞的比較等級,在英語的形容詞和副詞中，表示“比較……”和“最……”這個概念時，要用特別的形式表示，稱為比較級和最高級。相對而言，原來的形式為原級。 即: 形容詞和副詞在應(yīng)用中有三個級別，原級，比較級，最高級。 在形容詞和副詞后加上“-er”表示“比較……”加上“-est ”表示 “最…….” 1. 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的變化方法如下：,考點梳理,（1）規(guī)則變化,考點梳理,（2）不規(guī)則變化,考點梳理,2. 形容詞和副詞比較級的用法,,,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( )15. Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose the ____ one to save some money for a cap. A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive ( )16. The box was ________ than I had expected. I was out of breath when I got home. A. more heavier B. much heavier C. little heavier D. very heavier ( ) 17. —My teachers often encourage me ________ more friends but I find it difficult. —Your teachers’ idea is right. The more friends you make, ________ you will be. A. to make; the more happy B. to make; happier C. making; the happier D. to make; the happier,B,B,D,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( )18. Peter speaks Chinese well indeed, but of course not ___________ a local speaker in China. A. so fluently as B. more fluent than C. as fluent as D. much fluently than ( )19. Li Lei is running _________ now. A. more and more slowly B. slowlier and slowlier C. slowly and slowly D. more slowly and more slowly,A,A,考點梳理,3. 形容詞和副詞最高級的用法 (1)最高級前常用的修飾語： the（副詞最高級前面的the 往往省略）。如： I like the song best. (2)the+最高級+ of/in (三者及以上范圍的)/ A,B(…) or C ? My mother is the busiest in my family. (3)the + 序數(shù)詞 +最高級 +名詞+ in/of+比較范圍 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. (4)one of the+最高級 +名詞復(fù)數(shù) + in/of +比較范圍 Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China. (5)This is the+最高級+名詞 (that) I meet/know/… This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.,,,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( ) 20. The Changjiang River is one of ________ in the world. A. the longest rivers B. the longest river C. longer rivers D. longer river ( ) 21.－Of the three TV programs, which one do you think is ________? －I think A Bite of China is. A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting D. interested ( ) 22. —How about the film last night? —Well, it’s _______________film I’ve ever seen. I nearly fell asleep in the cinema. A. worst B. the worst C. bad D. worse,A,C,B,考點梳理,考點七 形容詞和副詞比較等級之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,在英語表達中，根據(jù)不同情境的需要，同一句話可用原級，比較級，最高級三種方式表達。如： Jim is the tallest (boy) in our class. (最高級) Jim是我們班最高的男孩。 =Jim is taller than any other boy in our class. (比較級)Jim比我們班上任何一個男孩都高。 = Jim is taller than the other boys in our class. (比較級)在我們班上Jim比其他的男孩都高。 = No one else in our class is as tall as Jim. (原級)我們班上沒有人和Jim一樣高。,考點梳理,【考點精練】,( ) 23. —Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. —That is, it is larger than _______ country in Asia. A. any B. any other C. other D. another ( ) 24. —Do you enjoy Han Lei’s songs? —Yes. He is the winner of I’m A Singer Ⅱ. I can’t think of anyone with a _______ voice. A. better B. best C. more D. most,A,A,考點梳理,考點八 幾個應(yīng)注意的問題,1、有些形容詞只能作表語，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。如： Don’t wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 2、有些詞既可用做形容詞也可副詞。如：late, wide, well, fast, easy, early, hard等。,考點梳理,考點梳理,3. 幾組容易混淆的詞與短語可以在本書第一模塊《中考常用詞匯和短語用法辨析》找到。如： (1) amazing與amazed的用法區(qū)別詳見第6組； (2) farther與further的用法區(qū)別詳見第33組。 (3) interesting與interested的用法區(qū)別詳見第44組； (4) alone與lonely的用法區(qū)別詳見第51組； (5) asleep與sleepy的用法區(qū)別詳見第70組； (6) so與such的用法區(qū)別詳見第73組； (7) too many, too much與much too的用法區(qū)別詳見第80組；,考點梳理,【備考策略】,形容詞和副詞在中考中的考查形式有單項選擇、完形填空和短文填空。主要考查結(jié)合具體的語言環(huán)境使用形容詞和副詞的能力。解題的關(guān)鍵在于分析上下文信息，看懂題干的意思，結(jié)合基本詞義、固定搭配選擇使用正確的形式。要從下面幾點注意： 1. 熟練掌握形容詞和副詞的基本用法以及在具體語境中的辨析； 2. 重點掌握形容詞和副詞比較等級的用法； 3. 注意形容詞在句子的位置； 4. 區(qū)別-ing型和-ed型形容詞用法。,