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編號(hào)
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
相關(guān)資料
題目： 存折翻頁機(jī)的傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)
信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化專業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923245
學(xué)生姓名： 吳亞平
指導(dǎo)教師： 唐正寧 （職稱：副教授）
（職稱： ）
2012年5月25日
目 錄
一、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）開題報(bào)告
二、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文
三、學(xué)生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計(jì)劃、進(jìn)度、檢查及落實(shí)表”
四、實(shí)習(xí)鑒定表
無錫太湖學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）
開題報(bào)告
題目： 存折翻頁機(jī)的傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)
信機(jī) 系 機(jī)械工程及自動(dòng)化 專業(yè)
學(xué) 號(hào)： 0923245
學(xué)生姓名： 吳亞平
指導(dǎo)教師： 唐正寧 （職稱：副教授 ）
（職稱： ）
2012年11月20日
課題來源
某公司對(duì)存折進(jìn)行翻頁需要既覺得問題。
隨著國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展，人民生活水品的不斷提高，廣大群眾收入不斷提高，為使收入財(cái)產(chǎn)更加安全，銀行存款無疑成為了人們的選擇。面對(duì)越來越多的存款，存折數(shù)量需求的不斷增加，存折檢查的自動(dòng)化處理成為了新的研究課題。
本課題來源于生產(chǎn)實(shí)際，按照公司的要求，完成存折翻頁機(jī)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)，并能滿足生產(chǎn)實(shí)際的需求。
本課題緊密結(jié)合生產(chǎn)實(shí)際的課題，對(duì)學(xué)生了解和掌握翻頁原理、翻頁過程，提高工程設(shè)計(jì)和解決實(shí)際問題的能力，具有很重要的意義。
科學(xué)依據(jù)（包括課題的科學(xué)意義；國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢(shì)；應(yīng)用前景等）
存折翻頁機(jī)是小型機(jī)械設(shè)備，與目前市場(chǎng)上較為流行的的翻頁機(jī)一樣，根據(jù)流體力學(xué)原理，利用大氣壓來吸附紙張并帶動(dòng)紙張運(yùn)動(dòng)，達(dá)到翻頁的處理。
本次設(shè)計(jì)主要針對(duì)存折紙張的翻頁處理，要能在短時(shí)間內(nèi)將存折一一翻頁。相對(duì)而言，存折的紙張表面質(zhì)量較好，并且一般只做一次翻頁，所以不必考慮氣壓過大或者長(zhǎng)期翻動(dòng)紙張，造成質(zhì)量下降等問題的影響。另外，由于是新的存折，當(dāng)吸附系統(tǒng)對(duì)紙張吸附的時(shí)候，氣密性好，翻頁失敗的幾率相對(duì)而言比較低。氣動(dòng)翻頁，需要考慮噪聲問題。當(dāng)存折翻頁失敗，或者發(fā)現(xiàn)存折紙張破損，質(zhì)量不合格問題時(shí)，可及時(shí)處理。對(duì)此,翻頁技術(shù)的發(fā)展應(yīng)集中在以下幾個(gè)方面。
(1)提高效率，降低能耗，不斷提高和改進(jìn)翻頁機(jī)的設(shè)備。翻頁技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵是翻頁連接處理，即處理好連續(xù)翻頁的步驟，要求翻頁過程系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定，連接平滑，可以迅速完成翻頁，盡量減少不必要的能量浪費(fèi)。
(2)降低噪音，做到低音高速。存折翻頁機(jī)采用的是氣壓吸附，在氣體被壓縮排放時(shí)，要通過降低噪音的設(shè)備進(jìn)行降噪，市場(chǎng)上常用的小型消音器可以滿足此需求。
(3)設(shè)備與工藝研究針對(duì)處理。存折紙張不同于一般紙張，存折翻頁機(jī)設(shè)備必須適應(yīng)具體紙張?zhí)匦?，適當(dāng)改良，在處理吸附翻頁時(shí)做到游刃有余。
(4)開發(fā)只能警報(bào)設(shè)備。如在翻頁過程中，由于紙張不平整，設(shè)備老化或者受外界干擾時(shí)吸附失敗，系統(tǒng)可以做及時(shí)反饋，將翻頁失敗的存折主動(dòng)溢出，或者發(fā)出警報(bào)，停止工作等，提醒工作人員及時(shí)處理。
現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)出現(xiàn)的高效翻頁機(jī)較少，針對(duì)存折的翻頁機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)史無前例，為此借鑒前者出現(xiàn)過的翻書機(jī)的技術(shù)是很有必要的。
研究?jī)?nèi)容
設(shè)計(jì)一種用于對(duì)存折進(jìn)行翻頁的機(jī)械設(shè)備，原理方案的功能實(shí)現(xiàn)，總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)，結(jié)構(gòu)形式，結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)，工作參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)。要求如下：
1. 閱讀外文資料，翻譯與所學(xué)專業(yè)或課題相關(guān)的外文文獻(xiàn)5000字左右，語句通順、流暢、準(zhǔn)確；
2．了解存折翻頁機(jī)的工作原理
3．根據(jù)加工產(chǎn)品具體結(jié)構(gòu)和加工要求，擬定分析設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)方案
4．繪制 整套零件圖，裝配圖，各零件的精度配合
5. 用Proe進(jìn)行造型，裝配后進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)仿真
6. 撰寫論文，要求符合本科論文的格式要求，語言簡(jiǎn)潔、流暢、層次分明。上機(jī)時(shí)數(shù)不少于200小時(shí)，整個(gè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)過程的技術(shù)工作要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)、靈活、工作要有主動(dòng)性，計(jì)算方法、計(jì)算的程序、計(jì)算結(jié)果、結(jié)論要正確。
擬采取的研究方法、技術(shù)路線、實(shí)驗(yàn)方案及可行性分析
（存折翻頁機(jī)傳動(dòng)部分主要有存放存折的存折槽（進(jìn)出口兩個(gè)）、曲柄回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)、底座、步進(jìn)電機(jī)、吸盤、搖擺桿、推板、壓塊等組成。其推送翻頁原理和工作過程為通過曲柄回轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)， 帶動(dòng)推板運(yùn)動(dòng)，推動(dòng)在最底部的存折至拍照位置，后由步進(jìn)電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)搖擺桿，將吸盤放在存折上，氣壓系統(tǒng)開始工作，吸附紙張，完成回轉(zhuǎn)，再有壓塊壓住紙張，原曲柄回到原來位置，進(jìn)行下一張紙張的翻頁，如此循環(huán)。當(dāng)最后的頁數(shù)也被翻完，自動(dòng)將拍照結(jié)束的存折推出。
可行性分析：
通過各主要部分系統(tǒng)的確定，主要問題可以解決。細(xì)節(jié)問題也可以方便的處理，總的來說，此方案的可行性沒有問題。
研究計(jì)劃及預(yù)期成果
明確翻頁機(jī)預(yù)期達(dá)到的性能指標(biāo)和工作路線。
總體方案的設(shè)計(jì)，可行性的分析。
翻頁機(jī)的初步設(shè)計(jì)，總體結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇，各部件的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。
相對(duì)位置計(jì)算，分析驗(yàn)證,優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。
完成二維圖和三維圖的繪制。
完成三維總裝圖的動(dòng)態(tài)展示。
完成設(shè)計(jì)說明書。
特色或創(chuàng)新之處
本翻頁機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，加工方便，生產(chǎn)效率高且安全性高。本翻頁機(jī)的特色在于能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作，并且使用壽命較長(zhǎng)，且占地小，方便檢修。
已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題
1. 已具備條件：
1.各類資料比較齊全，查閱方便；
2.翻頁機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)已有類似產(chǎn)品可供參考；
2. 尚需解決的問題：
1.翻頁機(jī)翻頁連接不夠完善；
2.翻頁機(jī)傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)比較困難；
指導(dǎo)教師意見
指導(dǎo)教師簽名：
年 月 日
教研室（學(xué)科組、研究所）意見
教研室主任簽名：
年 月 日
系意見
主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)簽名：
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英文原文
Die Life of cold stamping die and influence
Die with the life of the workpiece by punching out the number of terms. Many factors affect the life Die. There are die structure design, manufacture molds used in the punch and die materials, die quality and surface hardening heat treatment, precision die manufacturing parts and cold stamping materials selection. In addition, there are die installation, adjustment, use and maintenance.
1. Die Design on Life
(1) Layout design of layout methods and take the boundary value a great impact on the die life, too small to take the boundary value, often causing rapid wear and convex mold, die bite wounds on the. Starting from material savings, take the boundary value smaller the better, but take the edge is less than some value, the cut surface of the mold and the quality of life adversely. There will be left behind in the blanking die Q-gap were to produce spare parts glitch, or even damage the die edge, reduce die life. Therefore, consider increasing the material utilization of the same time, parts must yield, quality and life expectancy to determine the layout methods and take the boundary.
(2) die structure prone to stress concentration on the cracking of the die structure, composite structure can be used or mosaic structure, and prestressed structure to enhance the mold life.
(3) the impact of clearance when the gap is too small, compressed extrusion of interest, increased friction, increased wear, the wear side of aggravated discharge and push pieces after blanking time, materials and convex, the friction between die will cause wear and tear than the end edge on the side of the grinding much, but also easily lead to convex, concave mold temperature is high, the adsorption of metal debris in the side edge to form a metal tumor, so that male and female die chipping or expansion occurs crack phenomenon. Therefore, the gap is too small to Die Life very bad. Gap is too large will increase the punch and the die face the edge of the concentration of stress, resulting in a sharp increase in stress, so blade edge quickly lose angular yield deformation. Therefore, addition of blanking force, thereby enabling faster edge edge wear, reduce die life. But in order to reduce the male and female die wear, extending mold life, while ensuring quality of stamping pieces under the premise that larger space designed properly it is necessary.
(4) Die-oriented structure of the life of a reliable guide for the working parts reduce wear, prevent male and female die bite wound is very effective. In particular, non-small-Q gap Q gap or Die, compound die and multi-position progressive die even more important. To improve the die life, must be based on processes and the demand of precision, the correct choice-oriented form and orientation accuracy, the choice should be higher than the accuracy-oriented convex, concave mold with precision.
(5) the impact of cold stamping materials, cold stamping materials selected should meet the design requirements of workpieces and stamping process requirements, or easy to mold damage and reduce mold life. Poor surface quality of cold stamping, punching, cracking when the workpiece is also easy to scratch mold. Bad cold stamping plastic materials, deformation is small, easy to press when the workpiece rupture, but also easy to scratch mold. In addition, the material thickness tolerances shall comply with national standards. Die because of a certain thickness of material suitable for forming, bending, flanging, drawing die of the male and female die structure gap is directly determined by the thickness of the material. Therefore, uneven thickness, will result in waste generation and mold damage.
2. Die Die Life of
Die Die Life of a mold material properties, chemical composition, structure, hardness and comprehensive reflection of metallurgical quality. Among them, the material properties and heat treatment affect the quality of the most obvious. Mold material properties on the impact of die life is great. If the same workpiece, using a different mold material of the bending test, the test results: The 9Mn2V material, the life of 5 million; with Crl2MoV nitriding, the life of up to 40 million. Therefore, the choice of materials, the batch size should be based on workpiece, rational use of mold materials. The hardness of the die parts to Die Life a great impact. But not the higher hardness, longer die life. This is because the hardness and strength, toughness and abrasion resistance are closely related. Some die demands of high hardness, long life. Such as the use of T10 steel dies, hardness 54 ~ 58HRC, only washed thousands of times a burr on the workpiece great. If the hardness to 60 ~ 64HRC, the grinding life of up to 2 to 3 million. However, if continue to improve hardness, fracture occurs earlier. Some die hardness should not be too high, as the die manufacturing using Crl2MoV 58 ~ 62HRC hardness, the general life of 2-3 million, invalid form of chipping and cracking, and if the hardness down to 54 ~ 58HRC, life expectancy increased to 5 ~ 60 000, but decreased to 50 ~ 53HRC hardness appears easy to blunt the die edge phenomenon. Thus, mold hardness must be based on material properties and failure modes may be. Should enable the hardness, strength, toughness and wear resistance, resistance to fatigue strength needed to achieve a particular stamping process the best match.
3. The surface of the mold heat treatment to strengthen the quality and impact on life
Mold heat treatment the nature and quality of life of the mold a great impact. Practice shows that the die parts of the quenching distortion and cracking, early fracture during use, while the metallurgical and materials quality, forging quality, mold structure and process related, but related more to die of heat treatment. According to statistical analysis of failure causes of mold, heat treatment failure due to improper accounting for more than 50%. Practice shows that the mold material must be accompanied by high heat treatment process properly, can really play a material's potential. Parts surface hardening mold work purpose is to obtain the effect of external hard tough inside, so be hardness, wear resistance, toughness, good resistance to fatigue with. Many ways to die surface hardening, surface treatment technology of new technologies developed rapidly. In addition to Nitrocarburizing and ion nitride, boride, seepage niobium, vanadium permeability, hard chrome plated and spark strengthening, the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) has been gradually adopted. By CVD and PVD treatment, the mold surface covered with super-hard material, such as TiC, TiN, etc.. High hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, adhesion is very good, can improve the die life several times to several times.
4. Manufacturing precision of the die parts of die life
Precision die manufacturing and life in it in particular, mold surface roughness on the mold a great impact. If using Crl2MoV steel blanking die, if the surface roughness value R = 1.6 m, its life span is about 30,000. Such as polished by the precision, surface roughness value R = 0.4 m, life can be increased to 4-5 million. Therefore, the working parts of the mold surface, the general must go through grinding, grinding, polishing and other finishing and fine processing.
5. Other aspects of the impact of die life
(1) Press the accuracy is not high, but also easy to make die damage.
(2) die in the press or not installed properly and the operator's technical level, on the tool life is also greatly affected.
(3) dies in the custody and maintenance of good and bad, and the use of lubricant condition also affects mold life.
Cold stamping mould convex, concave die size and distribution of the clearance degree directly affect the quality of the blanking pieces and the length of the service life of the die. In guarantee blanking pieces space is mould manufacturing assembly very important link, and assembly quality will directly influence the convex, concave die if the clearance between the uniform. Such as the process of convex, concave die size precision although already meet the requirements, but in assembling if adjustment is bad, can cause clearance does not even, rushed out of the spare parts of the raw edges. Even rushed out of unqualified parts. The mold assembly is key to control convex, concave die of relative positions, in order to ensure that the convex, concave die, uniform and the clearance between the right to rush out of qualified parts.
1. Die before assembly the problems that should be paid attention[2]
Convex, concave die and mould parts itself is clearance of the precision, and the assembly of the assembly process is reasonable. In order to ensure that the position of the convex, concave die correctly and gaps even, mould design, processing to assembly from the whole link should pay attention to the following questions：
（1）Convex, concave die design and manufacture of the right
Design should be based on the above all when die cutting the section of a quality, service life of die factors such as the reasonable selection of convex, concave die clearance. And to consider the mould in the process of using that gap wear increases, general in the design the least reasonable clearance when mould. And in the manufacturing process can ensure the parts processing precision and quality, in the assembly process ensure convex, concave die gap even, this for processing complex shape is very key parts.
（2）Assembly method the choice should be reasonable
Die assembly method include roughly assembly method and direct with assembly method. Before the assembly must be carefully study mold assembly drawing, full consideration and analysis of the structure characteristics of punching die, die parts processing technology and processing accuracy etc, in order to choose convenient, accurate and reliable assembly method to ensure the quality of blanking pieces.
2. Convex, concave die gap between the control and adjustment of the method[3]
Convex, concave die clearance control, should according to die structure, clearance size, blanking pieces of quality and practical assembly condition to selected. Convex, concave die gap between the control and adjustment method have the following kinds.
（1）Pervious to light method
Will convex, concave die after molmerged, shone a light on the underside, observe the convex, concave die around through light and distribution to judge the size of the clearance and uniformity. If not even, to adjust to evenly between fixed again, this method is suitable for small gap plate stamping die.
（2）Feeler method
Will convex, concave die after molmerged, convex, concave die into the thickness of unilateral clearance feeler convex, concave die gaps in each direction. Then tighten the screw on mode. Finally put paper to stamping and will last mould seat and fixed on board with drilling, reaming positioning pin hole, and at a pin location.
（3）Gaskets DiaoZhengFa
Gasket adjustment method is simple, convenient, clearance is used widely. As shown in figure 1 shows, the mat with good contour mat iron, will gaskets wrapped in the punch to the punch into the concave mould, observe the convex, concave die clearance condition. If clearance does not even, with striking the protruding models of fixed plate method clearance adjustment, then tighten the screw on mode. Finally put paper to stamping, observation on paper cutting around burr and even rate to judge whether clearance convex, concave die even, to adjust the gap until cutting burr uniform so far. Finally the mould seat and the plate with drilling, reaming positioning pin hole, and enter the pin location. This method widely used cutting materials focusing thick large clearance and bending stamping, deep drawing mould clearance control.
(4) Chemical method
When the convex, concave die complex shape, the use of the above several methods more difficult to adjust the gap, the chemical method can be used to control the gap, the plating method is used. Plating method is the punch in the work surface coated with copper or zinc instead of washers. The plating thickness and unilateral gap is same, blade people concave die hole, and check the move without block phenomenon can assembly tighten. Coating in use process will die fall off naturally, need not removed. This uniform coating, can improve the uniformity of assembling clearance.
(5) Technology DiaoZhengFa measures
The main technological measures to adjust the gap between two kinds of the mould method:
1. Size method
Processing of the punch, will the punch front-end appropriate lengthen, extended period of section size and sunken model hole processing to the same size. Assembly, make the punch into female model hole, natural form the cutting clearance, and then to the punch with fixed together with the punch mould seat on board with the pin for fixed and will last longer period of the punch front can remove form even clearance.
2. Positioning hole method
Process positioning hole method and the inside of the progressive die principle about. Processing, the punch in fixed board and concave die on the same position processing two positioning hole, can will locate hole and the mold cavity a cut out. Assembly, in the positioning hole insert pins to ensure that gap.
(6) Standard model method
According to the drawing wedm in advance in processing a standard model or the qualified stamping parts, to adjust the assembly put it in between convex, concave die, upper and lower die relative motion can be reasonable degree when appropriate.
(7) Measurement method
Measuring method of the measuring tool have feeler. A feeler method after the adjustment convex, concave die clearance good uniformity, it is the commonly used method. Assembly, the punch in the concave die in the hole, convex, concave die according to the size of the clearance choose different specifications of the feeler insert convex, concave die clearance, inspection concave die around the blade gap everywhere, and according to the measured results adjustment. If the adjustment of the punch fixed board knock until adjust good so far.
(8) Adjustment method of repair match means
Die in use after period of time, because the convex, concave die normal wear and tear. To working parts inspection, if products produce burr, convex, concave die dull and collapse the blade factors, it is because of the convex, concave die clearance for wear changed, namely bigger or not even. To make the convex, concave die restored to the original gap value out of parts can use the following method to qualified for repair match means.
1. Convex, concave die clearance greaten repair match means method
General dies in use after period of time, because normal wear will make convex, concave die gap increase gradually, thus to make the work and so on a series of problems produced burr. This kind of circumstance, can use first thickness is equal to one of the KuaiGui insert gap between the convex, concave die, if convex, concave die clearance does not too big, the grinding work part of the blade continue to use, can improve the quality of stamping. When gap value too big when, the recoverable high temperature heat of local forging the modification methods female die size make it restored to the original gap value. Workpiece cooling followed by the pressure seal the law to file to trim gap value, and with the flame hardening method to improve the blade surface hardness.
2. Convex, concave die clearance does not even repair match means method
Dies after a period of using, clearance does not even can make blunt a local produce burr or the blade was edge chewed. In normal wear punching die, because after wearing precision guide device that reduce convex, concave die happen relatively migration, respectively in the guide pin and a guide to cover on the plating chromium layer the restored to its original size, again through the pressure seal the law will remove file high. If it is due to the pins loosening lose positioning function and cause different convex, concave die heart, and cause convex, concave die clearance does not even. Should first will convex, concave die gap adjusting well, to match for taper pin.
Due to historical reasons for the formation of closed, "big and complete" enterprise features, most enterprises in China are equipped with mold workshop, in factory matching status since the late 70s have a mold the concept of industrialization and specialization of production. 生產(chǎn)效率不高，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益較差。 Production efficiency is not high, poor economic returns. 模具行業(yè)的生產(chǎn)小而散亂，跨行業(yè)、投資密集，專業(yè)化、商品化和技術(shù)管理水平都比較低。 Mold production industry is small and scattered, cross-industry, capital-intensive, professional, commercial and technical management level are relatively low.
據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，全國(guó)現(xiàn)有模具專業(yè)生產(chǎn)廠、產(chǎn)