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非謂語動(dòng)詞,中考語法,非謂語動(dòng)詞概述,非謂語動(dòng)詞在句子除不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，可以充當(dāng)句中的所有其它成分；它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，故又稱非限定動(dòng)詞；雖然不能獨(dú)立做謂語，但仍保留動(dòng)詞的其它特征，可以有自己的賓語和狀語。,考點(diǎn)分布,1.考查動(dòng)詞不定式下列用法： （1）作賓語 （2）作賓語補(bǔ)足語 （3）作狀語 （4）用在how, when, where, what, which等之后。 2.考查動(dòng)名詞用法。,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)一 動(dòng)詞不定式,1. 動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成和用法 動(dòng)詞不定式的基本形式是“to + 動(dòng)詞原形”，有時(shí)可以不帶to。動(dòng)詞不定式（或不定式短語）沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能作謂語。動(dòng)詞不定式仍可保留動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)，即可以有自己的賓語和狀語。動(dòng)詞不定式同它的賓語或狀語構(gòu)成不定式短語。如：to read the newspaper, to speak at the meeting 等。 動(dòng)詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句子中可以作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語。,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)梳理,【考點(diǎn)精練】,( ) 1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped ________ on a big rock. A. to have rested B. to rest C. resting D. rest ( ) 2. —Look! The lights in the classroom are still on. —Oh, I forgot _________. A. turning them off B. turn them off C. to turn them off D. having turned them off ( ) 3. The house is not big enough for us all __________. A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in,B,C,A,考點(diǎn)梳理,【考點(diǎn)精練】,( ) 4. The policeman warned the young man _________ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive ( ) 5. It takes me half an hour_________ the piano every day. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played ( ) 6. My job is ____________ English. A. teach you B. teaching you C. to teach your D. to teach you,A,C,D,考點(diǎn)梳理,2. 常見的后面接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語的動(dòng)詞有:,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 7. Don’t forget ________ thanks when other people help you. A. accept B. to accept C. say D. to say ( ) 8. He promised _______ his old friend during his stay in Tianjin. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see ( ) 9. Remember _______ off the lights when you leave the room, please. A. to turn B. turning C. turn D.turned ( ) 10. Many old men prefer_______ in the peaceful countryside. A. to live B. living C. live D. lived,D,A,【考點(diǎn)精練】,D,A,考點(diǎn)梳理,3. 常見的后面接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有:,( ) 11. Mary called and asked her husband _______ home at once, because she locked their daughter in the home. A. to leave B. leave C. go D. to go ( ) 12. Mr. Wang often encourages us_______ close to nature and enjoy its beauties. A. get B getting C. to get,D,C,考點(diǎn)梳理,4. 常見的后面接不帶 “to”的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有： 一感，二聽，三讓，四看，半幫。解釋為： 一感：feel； 二聽：hear，listen to； 三讓：make，let，have； 四看：see，notice，watch，observe； 半幫：help； help sb. (to) do sth. 注意：變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞原形前要加 “to”。 如： I saw Tom get into the teachers’ office. Tom was seen to get into the teachers’ office.,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 13. —You look so tired. —My mother makes me _________ playing the piano for 2 hours every day. A. practice B. to practice C. practicing D. to practicing ( ) 14. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning ( ) 15. —Do you like Zhou Libo’s talk show? —Yes. His talk show is very funny. It always makes people________. A. laugh B laughed C. laughing D. to laugh,A,B,【考點(diǎn)精練】,A,考點(diǎn)梳理,5. 特殊疑問詞 + to do結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問詞what ,which, how, where, when 等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語。在句子充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語等。如： The question is when to start. （作表語） 問題是何時(shí)動(dòng)身。 He showed me how to use a computer. (作賓語) 他給我們演示怎樣使用計(jì)算機(jī)。 What to do is a big problem. （作主語） 做什么是個(gè)大問題。,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 16. There’re so many beautiful presents in the shop that I don’t know ________. A. to choose which one B. what choose C. which one to choose D. to choose what ( ) 17. All of the plans are very good. I really don’t know ________. A. which to talk B. which to talk about C. to talk about which D. I asked you for help ( ) 18. —Simon, I hear you are going abroad for further study. Have you decided _______? —Next September. A. when going B. when to go C. how going D. how to go,C,B,【考點(diǎn)精練】,B,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)二 動(dòng)名詞,1. 動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法 動(dòng)名詞由“動(dòng)詞+ ing”構(gòu)成，常在句子中用做主語、表語和賓語。 用法見下表：,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 19. The retired couple enjoy _____ photos. They always go out with their cameras. A. take B. took. C. to take D. taking ( ) 20. ________ is bad for our health. A. Doing eye exercises B. Go to bed early C. Eating too much D. Taking a walk,D,C,【考點(diǎn)精練】,考點(diǎn)梳理,2. 常見的后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的動(dòng)詞有:,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 21. He didn’t feel like ________ out for a walk, because he had caught a cold. A. to go B. goes C. gone D. going ( ) 22. The students are busy ________ ready for the exam now. A. getting B. get C. got D. to get ( ) 23. —Would you mind ________ for a few minutes? —No, not at all. A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting ( ) 24. Have you read this book? It’s worth ____. A. to read B. read C. reading D. to be read,D,A,【考點(diǎn)精練】,D,C,考點(diǎn)梳理,3. 介詞如：in , at , for , of , from , up , about , to后要接動(dòng)名詞。下列幾個(gè)詞組的“to”為介詞： be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事 prefer doing to doing 寧愿…而不愿 look forward to doing 盼望著做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事 make a contribution to doing 為…做貢獻(xiàn),考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 25. A clock is made for _______ us the time. A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. tells ( ) 26. —I’m looking forward to_______ my parents soon. What about you? — Me too. A. seeing B. see C. saw D. seen ( ) 27. He was afraid of ____ her up when he left the room. A. waking B. to wake C. wakes D. woke,B,A,【考點(diǎn)精練】,A,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)三 過去分詞,1. 作定語 如： The girl called Lucy won the English speech contest. 那個(gè)叫Lucy的女孩贏了英語演講比賽。 2. 作賓語補(bǔ)足語 如： There is something wrong with my bike. I have to get it repaired. 我的自行車壞了，我得找人修一下。 常跟過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有： have/get sth. done 請(qǐng)人做某事,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 28. The car _______ in Germany in the 1960s looks old now. A. produced B. producing C. to produce D. which produced ( ) 29. —What are on show in the museum? —Some pictures _______ by the Africans. A. drawing B. drawn C. drew D. were drawn ( )30. —You’d better have your sports jacket ________. It’s too dirty. —Thanks. I will. A. to wash B. washed C. washing D. wash,A,B,【考點(diǎn)精練】,B,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)四 感官動(dòng)詞的基本用法,see, watch, hear, notice這幾個(gè)感官動(dòng)詞后面既可接不帶“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式（即動(dòng)詞原形），又可接v-ing形式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。 它們的區(qū)別在于： 1. 經(jīng)常或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用不帶“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式。如： We often hear her sing English songs in the next room. 我們經(jīng)常聽到她在隔壁房間唱英文歌。 I saw the teacher come into the classroom just now. 剛才我看見老師走進(jìn)了教室。 2. 正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作用v-ing形式。如： We heard him talking in class. 我們聽見他正在教室說話。,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 31. I heard Mother ________ with Father in the next room at ten last night. A. talk B. talking C. to talk D. is talking ( ) 32. I saw him ________ in the classroom . A. sleep B. slept C. to sleep D. sleeping ( ) 33. I often watch him ________ tennis. A. to play B. play C. playing D. plays,B,D,【考點(diǎn)精練】,B,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)五 幾組易混淆的詞組辨析,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 34. He dropped the stick , so he stopped ________ it up. A. to pick B. picking C. pick D. picked ( ) 35. It stopped ________. We can go out to play. A. to rain B. raining C. from raining D. to raining,A,B,【考點(diǎn)精練】,考點(diǎn)梳理,考點(diǎn)六 常用句型和結(jié)構(gòu),1. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事 2. would rather do sth. than do sth. 寧愿…而不愿 3. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿…而不愿 4. Would/Will/Could you please(not)do sth？ 請(qǐng)你(不)…好嗎？ 5. Why not … ? = Why don’t you… ? 為什么不做……？ 6. There is no time to do… 沒有時(shí)間做……,考點(diǎn)梳理,7. It’s time + (for sb.) + to do… 是做……的時(shí)間了。 8. too + adj./adv. + (for sb.) + to do sth. （對(duì)某人來說）太……而不能做…… 9. 主語+ think/make/find/feel + it + adj./n. + to do sth. 10. It’s + clever/kind/good/right/wrong/foolish/ nice …+ of sb. + to do sth. 11. It’s + easy/difficult/important/interesting/ hard… + for sb. + to do sth. 12. What/How about doing sth.…? ……怎么樣？ 13. have fun/problems/trouble/difficulties (in) doing sth.,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 36. You’d better ______ your bike _______ at once. It is Monday tomorrow, you know. A. to have, mend B. have, mended C. have, to mend D. to have, mended ( ) 37. Is there any time _____ to the museum? A. going B. to go C. goes D. gone ( ) 38. I think it kind _________. A. of him to help me B. for him to help C. that he help me D. of him helping me,B,B,【考點(diǎn)精練】,A,考點(diǎn)梳理,( ) 39. It’s too hot today. Why not ________ your coat? A. take on B. to take off C. take off D. taking off ( ) 40. It’s very nice ______ you to ______ me about it. A. for; tell B. of; say C. to; speak D. of; tell,C,D,【考點(diǎn)精練】,考點(diǎn)梳理,【備考策略】,非謂語動(dòng)詞是中考必考內(nèi)容之一，常常出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空、閱讀理解、短文填空以及書面表達(dá)中，是中考復(fù)習(xí)的難點(diǎn)。同學(xué)們要注意： 1. 學(xué)會(huì)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，明辨與動(dòng)詞搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)形式； 2. 熟練記憶各種搭配不定式或-ing的動(dòng)詞固定結(jié)構(gòu)； 3. 熟練記憶并會(huì)使用與非謂語動(dòng)詞相關(guān)的句型。,