高考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破 特殊句式課件 外研版.ppt
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走向高考 · 英語(yǔ),路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,外研版 · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破,第二部分,語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)項(xiàng)突破(十三) 特殊句式,第二部分,考 綱 解 讀,命 題 分 析,知 識(shí) 歸 納,語(yǔ) 法 專(zhuān) 練,2,3,4,1,2013年全國(guó)及各省市的高考試卷中共有13道考查特殊句式的題。通過(guò)仔細(xì)分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這13道題主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有:(1)各種倒裝句的表現(xiàn)形式;(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的表達(dá)方法;(3)省略句;(4)反意疑問(wèn)句;(5)“祈使句+and”并列句。其中倒裝句與反意疑問(wèn)句是難點(diǎn)。,一、考點(diǎn)知識(shí)歸納 考點(diǎn)一 倒裝句 英語(yǔ)中的倒裝句分為兩種,一種是完全倒裝句,另外一種是部分倒裝句,這主要是由句首的詞決定的。抓住句子中的關(guān)鍵詞匯是解答該題目的關(guān)鍵。如句中的not until, not only, little等,只要抓住這些,問(wèn)題也就迎刃而解了。,1.完全倒裝 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全位于主語(yǔ)之前的句子,叫完全倒裝句。這類(lèi)句型主要有: (1)There be+主語(yǔ)+.,此結(jié)構(gòu)中的be有時(shí)用stand/exist/lie/ flow/seem等不及物動(dòng)詞代替。如: There seems to be something wrong with the machine. 機(jī)器好像出了點(diǎn)問(wèn)題。,(2)表示方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ),如here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the way等,置于句首。如: Out rushed the children. 孩子們沖了出去。 South of the river lies a small factory. 一個(gè)小型工廠坐落在河的南岸。,(3)such置于句首時(shí)。如: Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist. 這就是艾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦,一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的人,也是20世紀(jì)最偉大的科學(xué)家。 Such are the facts, no one can deny them. 這就是事實(shí),沒(méi)有人能否認(rèn)他們。 此句型中的such多被認(rèn)為是表語(yǔ)。所以,such后的be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與其后的“真正的主語(yǔ)”保持一致。,2.部分倒裝 只把謂語(yǔ)的一部分(多為助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)置于主語(yǔ)之前的句子,叫部分倒裝句。這類(lèi)句型主要有: (1)only修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句,且放在句首時(shí)。如: Trevor sat in the dark. Only then did I realise how unhappy he was. 特雷弗坐在黑暗里。直到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到他是多么不快樂(lè)。 Only in this way can we learn English well. 只有以這種方法,我們才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。,提示:①如果謂語(yǔ)部分無(wú)助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,則必須借助動(dòng)詞來(lái)構(gòu)成倒裝句,其變化類(lèi)似于變一般疑問(wèn)句。如: Only after the war learned he the sad news.(×) Only after the war did he learn the sad news. (√) ②only修飾狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句不倒裝。如: Only when did he return did we find out the truth.(×) Only when he returned did we find out the truth. (√) ③only修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí),句子不倒裝。如: Only can he answer the question. (×) Only he can answer the question. (√),(2)not only.but also引導(dǎo)并列分句,且not only放于句首時(shí),not only引導(dǎo)的句子倒裝,but (also)句子不倒裝。如: Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it. 不僅要給那些找工作的人提供幫助,而且也要給那些需要的人提供醫(yī)療。 提示:此句型也可寫(xiě)成Not only.but.或Not only.but.as well的形式,但but(also)引導(dǎo)的句子不倒裝,必須用正常語(yǔ)序。,(3)否定副詞never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意義的介詞短語(yǔ)at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首時(shí)。如: Never before have I seen such a moving film. 以前我從未看過(guò)這么感人的電影。 Not a single mistake did he make. 他一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤也沒(méi)犯過(guò)。 Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark. 在天黑之前完成這項(xiàng)工作我認(rèn)為幾乎不可能。,(4)so/such.that句型,so/such放于句首時(shí)。如: In such a hurry did he leave the office that he forgot to lock the door. 他離開(kāi)辦公室時(shí)太匆忙了,結(jié)果忘了鎖門(mén)。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)如此清晰,他總能被聽(tīng)懂。 提示:在此句型中,that從句不倒裝。,(5)not.until.句型的倒裝。如: We didn't have supper until he returned.→ Not until he returned did we have supper. 直到他回來(lái)我們才吃晚飯。 提示:until從句不倒裝,只是主句需要倒裝。 (6)so+be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ);……也是如此。如: They love having lots of friends, so do those with disabilities. 他們喜歡交很多朋友,那些有殘疾的也是如此。,提示:①此句型也可寫(xiě)成“it is the same with.”或“so it is with.”。如: They love having lots of friends, it is the same with those with disabilities/so it is with those with disabilities. ②如果句意不是“……也是如此”,而只是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的肯定或附和(此時(shí)的so=indeed),那么,句子不可使用倒裝式。試比較: —I was afraid. (句中的I指的是說(shuō)話者A) —So was I. (I指的是B,此句意為:I was afraid, too.) —I was afraid. (I指的是A) —So you were. (you指的也是A。此句意為:Indeed you were afraid.),再比較幾個(gè)句子: He came last night, and so did I. 他昨晚來(lái)了,我也來(lái)了。 —It is hot.——天很熱。 —So it is.——的確如此。 —He is lazy. ——他很懶。 —So is she. ——她也一樣。,(7)neither (或nor)+be/have/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ);……也不這樣。如: Lily can't ride, neither/nor can Lucy. 莉莉不會(huì)騎車(chē),露西也不會(huì)。 提示:此句型也寫(xiě)成“it is the same with.”或“so it is with.”。 (8)在含有had/were/should的虛擬條件句中的部分倒裝 在含有had/were/should的虛擬條件句可以省略if,將had/were/should放在主語(yǔ)之前,構(gòu)成部分倒裝。如: Were I not so busy, I should go with you. 如果我不這么忙,我就跟你去。,3.形式倒裝 as, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句采用倒裝形式的情況 (1)表語(yǔ)的倒裝 Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work. 盡管他很累,還是繼續(xù)工作。 Strange as/though it seems, it is true. 盡管這事看上去奇怪,卻是真的。 Exhausted as/though she was, she wasn't able to sleep. 盡管她精疲力竭,但還是睡不著覺(jué)。,(2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的倒裝 Try as he might, he didn't pass the exam. 盡管他努力了,但考試還是不及格。 Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room. 盡管他們?cè)诜孔永锏教帉ふ?,但他們找不到任何東西。 (3)狀語(yǔ)的倒裝 Much as he likes the bike, he doesn't want to buy it. 他雖然很喜歡那輛自行車(chē),但不想買(mǎi)它。 Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them. 雖然我努力學(xué)習(xí)了,但趕不上他們。,提示:如果是單數(shù)名詞或形容詞的最高級(jí)作表語(yǔ),將其提前構(gòu)成倒裝時(shí),其前的冠詞要省略。如: Child as he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子,但懂得不少事情。 Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best. 雖然他是我們班年齡最小的,但英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得最好。,考點(diǎn)二 強(qiáng)調(diào) 1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 (1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句基本句型的考查 It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分。如: It is I who/that am right. (主語(yǔ))我才是對(duì)的。 It was him that/whom we met at the school gate.(賓語(yǔ)) 我們?cè)趯W(xué)校門(mén)口見(jiàn)到的就是他。 It was in the park that Tom lost his watch.(狀語(yǔ)) Tom是在公園里丟的這塊表。,(2)其一般疑問(wèn)句只需把is/was提前,即Is/Was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+其他成分。如: Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English? 教你們英語(yǔ)的是王教授嗎? Was it during the Anti-Japanese War that he died? 他是在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間去世的嗎?,(3)它的特殊疑問(wèn)句為:疑問(wèn)詞+is/was it+that+其他成分?如: Who was it that broke the window? 打破窗戶的是誰(shuí)? When was it that you called me yesterday? 你昨天給我打電話是什么時(shí)候? What is it that you want me to do? 你要我干什么?,(4)not.until.句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句 其強(qiáng)調(diào)句式為:It is/was not until+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他成分。如: He didn't go to bed until ten o'clock. →It was not until ten o'clock that he went to bed. 直到10點(diǎn)他才上床休息。 I didn't realize she was a famous film star until/till she took off her dark glasses. →It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘掉墨鏡我才認(rèn)出她是著名影星。,(5)強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的it與代詞it 可根據(jù)能否恢復(fù)原句來(lái)判斷,即把it is/was和that去掉,如果剩下的成分仍然能構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子,這就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,否則就不是。如: It is there that accidents often happen. →Accidents often happen there. 在那兒經(jīng)常發(fā)生事故。,以上就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是狀語(yǔ),把It is和that去掉,可還原成原來(lái)的非強(qiáng)調(diào)句。 It is clear that not all boys like football. 很顯然并非所有男孩都喜歡足球。 去掉It is和that句子成了:Clear not all boys like football. 很顯然這不是一個(gè)完整的句子,因此不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,而是由it作形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。,(6)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It is/was.that.;It is/was+時(shí)間+when/before從句;It is+時(shí)間+since從句 ①?gòu)?qiáng)調(diào)句型與It is/was+時(shí)間+when/before從句 在It is/was+時(shí)間+when/before從句中,it指時(shí)間,when/ before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。注意兩種句型“時(shí)間”表達(dá)方式的不同。如: It was at midnight that he got home yesterday. 昨天午夜他回到了家里。,It was midnight when he got home yesterday. 昨天他回到家里時(shí),已經(jīng)是午夜了。 第一句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),因此用介詞短語(yǔ)表達(dá);而第二句是一般句型,時(shí)間以名詞的方式表達(dá),用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)。 ②強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與It is+時(shí)間+since從句 It is.since.表示“自從……以來(lái)已有……(時(shí)間)”。,提示:兩個(gè)句型中的時(shí)態(tài)一般不同,試比較: It was two years ago that I began to learn English. 兩年前我開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)。 It is two years since I began to learn English. 自從我開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)到現(xiàn)在有兩年了。 第一句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的事情,用一般過(guò)去時(shí);而第二句表示“從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在已有多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。但強(qiáng)調(diào)句型同樣可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如: It is two hours that he spends on English every day. 每天他花在英語(yǔ)上的時(shí)間為兩小時(shí)。,2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào) It is/was.that.結(jié)構(gòu)不能強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)。如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ),用助動(dòng)詞do, did或does。如: Do come this evening. 今天晚上一定來(lái)呀。 He did write to you last week. 上周他的確給你寫(xiě)信了。 Tom does study hard now. 現(xiàn)在湯姆的確學(xué)習(xí)很努力。,考點(diǎn)三 反義疑問(wèn)句 1.回答反義疑問(wèn)句時(shí)應(yīng)遵循以下原則 (1)要么肯定到底,要么否定到底,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)Yes, I don't.和No, I do.的形式。 (2)不管主句否定,還是附加疑問(wèn)句否定,回答時(shí)只看所提到的事情是否發(fā)生。如果發(fā)生了,用肯定回答,否則用否定回答。如當(dāng)對(duì)方問(wèn)你You aren't a teacher, are you?或You are a teacher, aren't you?時(shí),你只要聽(tīng)懂you和teacher兩個(gè)單詞即可,如果你是老師,回答Yes, I am.否則,回答No,I am not.。,2.反義疑問(wèn)句的五種情況 (1)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must在反義疑問(wèn)句中的用法要由它在陳述句部分中的意義決定。這是高考中的難點(diǎn)所在。具體見(jiàn)下表,(2)四種情況下的反義疑問(wèn)句 ①陳述部分含有used to的反義疑問(wèn)句。其反義疑問(wèn)部分用usedn't或didn't均可。如: You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn't/didn't you? 你過(guò)去經(jīng)常開(kāi)著窗子睡覺(jué),是嗎? ②陳述部分含有ought to的反義疑問(wèn)句。其反義疑問(wèn)部分用oughtn't或shouldn't均可。如: He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn't/shouldn't he? 你應(yīng)該參加這場(chǎng)演講,是不是?,③否定詞或半否定詞的反義疑問(wèn)句。當(dāng)陳述部分帶有seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分的動(dòng)詞用肯定形式。如: He could hardly walk without a stick, could he? 沒(méi)有拐杖他沒(méi)法走路,是嗎? ④如果陳述部分含有由表示“否定”意義的前綴構(gòu)成的詞,其反義疑問(wèn)部分一般用否定式。如: Tom dislikes playing tennis, doesn't he? 湯姆不喜歡打網(wǎng)球,是嗎? It's unfair, isn't it? 這不公平,是不是?,(3)附加疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和陳述部分的主語(yǔ)在人稱、數(shù)上保持一致的幾種情況,(4)祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句 當(dāng)陳述句部分是祈使句時(shí),反義疑問(wèn)句的助動(dòng)詞不用do。 共有三種情況: ①祈使句后面的附加疑問(wèn)句一般用will you或won't you。如: Come in and sit down, won't you? 進(jìn)來(lái)坐下,好嗎? Give me a hand, will you? 幫我個(gè)忙,行嗎?,②以Let's開(kāi)頭的祈使句,后面的附加疑問(wèn)句要用shall we;而以Let us或以Let me開(kāi)頭的祈使句,其后的附加疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)用will you。如: Let's try another way, shall we? 我們嘗試另一個(gè)辦法,好嗎? Let us have a go, will you? 讓我們?cè)囈辉?,好嗎?③若陳述句部分是否定的祈使句,附加疑問(wèn)句除了用will you外,也可用can you。此時(shí)附加疑問(wèn)句必須為肯定形式。,考點(diǎn)四 省略句及其他 1.省略句 (1)狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略現(xiàn)象 ①當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí),并且謂語(yǔ)部分含有be動(dòng)詞,可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be,這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu): Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office. 他原來(lái)是教師,現(xiàn)在在政府辦公室工作。(連詞+名詞),Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret. 少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。(連詞+形容詞) He looked everywhere as if(he was) in search of something. 他到處打量好像在尋找什么東西。(連詞+介詞短語(yǔ)) ②當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)是it,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中又含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí),可以把it和be動(dòng)詞一起省略。如: Unless (it is) necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 除非有必要,否則你最好不要查字典。,另外,我們還可以用so或not代替上文內(nèi)容,此時(shí)可用if+so/not省略句式。如: He may not be at home then. If so (If he is not at home), leave him a note. 那時(shí)他可能不在家。如果不在家的話,給他留個(gè)便條。 Get up early tomorrow. If not (If you don't get up early), you will miss the first bus. 明天早晨要早起床。如果不早起,你就會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)第一班公交車(chē)。,(2)不定式的省略 ①單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to。如: I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to. 我請(qǐng)他看電影,但是他不想去。 I didn't want to go there, but I had to. 我不想去那里,但不得不去。 ②否定形式的省略用not to。如: If you think reading is not right, I prefer not to. 如果你認(rèn)為讀書(shū)不對(duì),那么我愿意不讀。,③如果不定式中含有be, have, 或have been,通常保留be,have和have been。如: —Are you a worker? ——你是工人嗎? —No, but I used to be. ——我不是,但我曾經(jīng)是。 —He hasn't finished yet. ——他還沒(méi)做完呢。 —Well, he ought to have. ——哦,他應(yīng)該完成了。,(3)其他省略的情況 ①as.as possible結(jié)構(gòu)。這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)常常表達(dá)“盡可能……”。如: I drove as slowly as possible in the heavy traffic. 在交通擁擠時(shí)我盡可能慢地開(kāi)車(chē)。 ②What if句式。這一結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)表達(dá)“要是/即使……怎么辦/怎么樣?”。如: What if this plan of yours fails? 如果你們的計(jì)劃失敗了怎么辦?,③What/How about句式。What/How about常用來(lái)提出建議或征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。如: What about going to the movies this weekend? 這個(gè)周末去看電影怎么樣? ④Why/Why not句式。Why/Why not常跟動(dòng)詞原形,用來(lái)詢問(wèn)為什么或?yàn)槭裁床?,有時(shí)含有強(qiáng)烈建議的意味。如: Why not go and ask the teacher for help? 為什么不去向老師尋求幫助呢?,2.祈使句 (1)否定式和強(qiáng)調(diào)式 Don't be so sure. 別那么有把握。(否定式) Never come late. 千萬(wàn)別遲到。(強(qiáng)調(diào)式) Please don't forget to take your medicine. 請(qǐng)不要忘了吃藥。(否定式),Do come on time this evening. 今晚務(wù)必準(zhǔn)時(shí)到。(強(qiáng)調(diào)式) Do be careful! 千萬(wàn)要小心!(強(qiáng)調(diào)式) (2)祈使句+and+陳述句=if.,+主句 祈使句+or+陳述句=if.not.,+主句 如: Work hard and you will succeed. (=If you work hard, you will succeed.) 努力工作,你就會(huì)成功。,Hurry up or we will be late. (=If you don't hurry up, we will be late.) 快點(diǎn)兒,否則我們就遲到了。 One more minute and I will finish it. (=If you give me one more minute, I will finish it.) 再待一分鐘我就完成了。 3.感嘆句 (1)基本構(gòu)成形式 ①What+(a/an)+形容詞+名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! ②How+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!,③How+形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! (2)省略形式的感嘆句 ①how直接修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)! How (much) we love our motherland! 我們是多么熱愛(ài)我們的祖國(guó)呀! ②省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ) What an interesting book (it is)! 多有趣的一本書(shū)呀! How wonderful (it is)! 真棒!,(3)其他形式的感嘆句 How can you be so silly! 你怎么這么傻! The design and the colours! 多美的圖案和色彩! To sell such a suit as that to a millionaire! 竟然把這樣一套衣服賣(mài)給一個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁!,4.there be句型 (1)在英語(yǔ)中there be句型表示“什么地方或什么時(shí)間存在什么事物”。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,there是引導(dǎo)詞,be后面的名詞是主語(yǔ),句子的結(jié)尾是地點(diǎn)(時(shí)間)狀語(yǔ)。 There is a tall tree in front of the classroom. 教室前有棵高大的樹(shù)。 There will be a meeting at the conference room at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning. 明天上午8點(diǎn)在會(huì)議室有一個(gè)會(huì)議。,(2)如果有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be要采用就近一致原則。 There is a pen, two books, and many pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一支鋼筆,兩本書(shū)還有許多鉛筆。 (3)there be結(jié)構(gòu)有不同時(shí)態(tài)的形式,而且可以和各種助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。 There was a meeting in our school yesterday. 昨天我們學(xué)校召開(kāi)了一次會(huì)議。 There will be a new film on Sunday. 星期日將上映一部新電影。,There have been many great changes in our village since then. 自從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在,我們村發(fā)生了很大變化 There can't be any mistakes in his passage. 他的文章里不可能有錯(cuò)誤。 (4)there be結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be有時(shí)可用seem to be, happen to be, be likely to be或remain, stand, lie, go, exist, follow, live, come, occur等替換。 There is likely to be something wrong with his computer. 他的電腦可能有毛病。,Once upon a time there lived an old monk in the temple. 從前,那座廟里住著一個(gè)老和尚。 (5)there be句型的非謂語(yǔ)形式。 There being no enough time left, we have to hurry. (=Because there is no enough time left.) 時(shí)間不多了,我們得抓緊。(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)) There having been no water for two days, the travelers were all very thirsty. (=Because there had been no water for two days.) 已經(jīng)停水兩天了,這些游客們都口渴得厲害。(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)),What is the chance of there being an election this year? 今年舉行選舉的可能性有多大?(there be的動(dòng)名詞形式作of的賓語(yǔ)) I expect there to be many chances for him to get a job. 我希望他有很多機(jī)會(huì)能找到工作。(there be結(jié)構(gòu)不定式形式作expect的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)) It is natural there to be a generation gap between the parents and their children. 父母與孩子們之間存在代溝是很自然的事情。(there be的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作真正主語(yǔ)),二、方法技巧總結(jié) 方法一:固定句式思維法 由于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的考查十分頻繁,所以要養(yǎng)成看到以it開(kāi)頭的復(fù)合句,就要考慮強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的思維模式。把強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)排除之后再考慮其他的連接詞。而且為了使結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜,有時(shí)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分還要加一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,一般情況下,第一個(gè)空要填定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,第二空才是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的that。,[典題示例] Could it be in the restaurant ________ you had dinner with me yesterday ________ you lost your handbag? 剖析:where; that 句意:你會(huì)不會(huì)把小提包丟在昨天我們一起吃飯的飯店里了?本題是以it開(kāi)頭的,所以先考慮強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。第一空是定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),第二個(gè)空是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的that。,方法二:公式套用法 在有關(guān)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)的知識(shí)點(diǎn)中,我們可以把There comes the bus與Here you are作為公式,然后推廣記憶出“表示地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首要全部倒裝,而且代詞作主語(yǔ)不倒裝”這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)。并把它應(yīng)用到做題中。,[典題示例] In front of the farmhouse ________(lie) a peasant boy. 剖析:lay/lies 句意:一個(gè)農(nóng)民的孩子躺在這座農(nóng)舍前。表示方位的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首應(yīng)該用全部倒裝。lie表示“躺,臥,位于”時(shí),其過(guò)去式為lay,過(guò)去分詞為lain;還有其他兩種含義:lie—lied—lied(撒謊);lay—laid—laid(擱,放,產(chǎn)卵,下蛋)。,方法三:還原法 在省略結(jié)構(gòu)中,有些同學(xué)難以分辨哪一個(gè)是正確的選項(xiàng),這時(shí)最好的辦法就是補(bǔ)充到原來(lái)的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。 [典題示例] Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember ________. 剖析:which 以wh-引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)省略到只保留一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。此題題干中remember后面的賓語(yǔ)從句是which of the two he comes from,為避免重復(fù)只保留到which。,- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
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