516 18馬力輪式拖拉機的半軸與制動器設計（有cad圖）,516,18馬力輪式拖拉機的半軸與制動器設計（有cad圖）,18,馬力,輪式拖拉機,制動器,設計,cad 18馬力輪式拖拉機的半軸與制動器設計 摘 要 本次設計是在理論的探討研究下，充分吸收已有成熟產品優(yōu)點的基礎上進一步加以改進。本次設計最大的創(chuàng)新點：對制動器結構進一步改善，采用一種加箍制動鼓改善了制動鼓本體的結構強度、受力和散熱條件，延長了制動鼓使用壽命，提高了行車的安全性。 拖拉機制動器的布置方式分為半軸制動和輪邊制動，此設計結合小型拖拉機的結構、傳動形式等采用輪邊制動，后輪制動。通過對各種制動器方案和鼓式制動器的結構形式進行綜合的對比和性能分析，最終采取領從蹄式鼓式制動器。由給出的主要技術數(shù)據(jù)求出最大制動力矩；通過對制動器及主要部件的受力分析、性能分析比較來優(yōu)化結構尺寸。加箍制動器是為在制動器外部加一個外筒。并對制動器內主要部件進行驗算。操縱機構為機械式，駐車制動與行車制動裝置一體，行車制動裝置用作強制行駛中的拖拉機減速或停車，使拖拉機在下坡時保持適當?shù)姆€(wěn)定車速。并通過理論推導和計算對制動距離進行分析，計算出踏板行程。半軸選取全浮式，長度由輪距和主減速器確定，再計算出半軸強度。 關鍵詞：行車制動，駐車制動，制動力矩，制動鼓，摩擦襯片， 領從蹄式制動器 18 HORSEPOWER WHEELED TRACTOR REAR AXLES AND BRAKE DESIGN ABSTRACT This design is based on the theory of studies. It has been fully assimilated the advantages of mature products and then was further improved. The greatest innovations of the design are: Firstly, the brake structure was further improved. Secondly, a hoop Brake Drum improved the ontology of the structural strength, force and heat conditions. Therefore, it extended the service life of the brake drums, and it improved the traffic safety. The layout of tractor brake I made up by Semiaxle brake and wheel braking. The design combines the structure of small tractor, Transmission format, etc, using wheel brakes, rear-wheel brake. Through the analysis and comparison of various brake programs and drum brake structure, eventually, I take the leadership shoe drum brake. Given by the main technical data, I can obtain the maximum braking torque. Through the Analysis of the brake, the major components and the performance Analysis, I optimize the structure size. A Hoop brake is to add an external foreign extinguishers around the brake and check the major components. Manipulation of the mechanical bodies is mechanical style. Car braking is in line with the braking device. And the vehicular braking device is used for the mandatory moving tractor′s deceleration or stops, consequently, when the tractor downhill ,it can maintain the appropriate speed stability. And through the conclusion and calculation of theory and the analysis of braking distance, then the pedal trip can be calculated. The semiaxle is full-floated, and its length depends on the distance of tires and the main reducer, then the axis intensity can also be calculated. KEY WORD： The driving applies the brake，applies the brake in thevehicle，brake drum, braking moment，axles，series-connected double cavity pump 符號說明 L 軸距，mm B 輪距，mm ms 總質量，Kg h 質心高度坐標，mm H 離地間隙，mm Mr 制動力矩，N m rdq 輪胎滾動半徑，mm 地面附著系數(shù)， D 制動鼓直徑 ，mm β 摩擦襯片包角， A 摩擦襯片的摩擦面積 F 制動蹄的張開力，N b 摩擦襯片的寬度 BF 制動器因數(shù) V 拖拉機行駛速度 g 重力加速度 目 錄 第一章 前言 1 第二章 制動系的設計 2 §2.1概述 2 §2.1.1制動器的工作情 3 §2.1.2制動系的設計要求 3 §2.2 制動器的結構形式及選擇 5 §2.2.1結構方案分析 5 §2.2.2鼓式制動器的結構型式及選擇 6 §2.3 制動系的主要參數(shù)及其選擇 10 §2.3.1拖拉機部分整機參數(shù)的確定 10 §2.3.2制動力矩的確定 11 §2.3.3制動器的制動因數(shù)及其敏感度 13 §2.3.4鼓式制動器的機構參數(shù) 14 第三章 制動器的設計計算 18 §3.1制動蹄摩擦面的壓力分布規(guī)律及徑向變形規(guī)律 18 §3.2 具有一個自由度的增勢蹄摩擦片的壓力分布 規(guī)律及徑向變形規(guī)律 18 §3.3固定支點蹄式制動器的受力分析與計算 20 §3.4制動器的制動因數(shù)及其敏感度的計算 23 §3.5單個制動蹄片上的受力分析與計算 23 §3.6制動蹄因數(shù)計算 25 §3.7摩擦襯片的摩損特性計算 28 §3.8 彈簧結構的計算 30 §3.9制動器主要零件的強度計算與制動距離分析 30 §3.9.1圓錐磙子軸承的驗算 30 §3.9.2驅動凸輪校核 32 §3.9.3制動距離的分析 32 第四章 制動驅動機構的結構形式選擇與設計計算 35 §4.1制動驅動機構的結構形式的選擇 35 §4.2踏板力的計算 35 第五章 半軸的設計與計算 37 §5.1半軸的結構形式分析 37 §5.2全浮式半軸的計算 37 第六章 結論 39 參考文獻 40 致謝 41 V