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中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)2007屆本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計
摘 要
本次結(jié)業(yè)設(shè)計的題目是輪胎式液壓挖掘機與其它類型的挖掘機相比,這種類型的挖掘機有很多優(yōu)點,它使用汽車底盤.因此,行駛速度較履帶式更快,此外,它還有很好的適應(yīng)性,可以市區(qū)中行走,其引它采用液壓傳動,這改善了挖掘機的整機性能,使其更可靠,再次可以在多個方向上工作,并準(zhǔn)確卸載,且可方便卸載.
本次設(shè)計的主要參數(shù)是給出了斗容量:1m3 .本次主要設(shè)計挖掘機的工作裝置,回轉(zhuǎn)驅(qū)動裝置,液壓傳動原理.
在設(shè)計中,我采用了汽車盤并加以改一個更大的范圍內(nèi)工作,因造以滿足要求,上部轉(zhuǎn)臺是全回轉(zhuǎn)式,因此它可在采用了液壓傳動控制而使整機性能得以改善.與機械式挖掘機相經(jīng),其挖掘機力提高了很多,整機質(zhì)量約26噸,挖掘力140KN,卸載高度約4.59m,挖掘深度5.089m,挖掘半徑9.075m.
關(guān)鍵詞:液壓挖掘機; 液壓控制; 液壓系統(tǒng); 全回轉(zhuǎn); 卸載; 鏟斗.
ABSTRACT
This time topic which graduates a design is tire type the liquid press to scoop out machine and other types of the excavation machine compare, the excavation machine of this kind of type contain a lot of advantages, it uses car bedrock.Therefore drive speed to compare with track type, sooner, in addition, it still has good adaptability, can with run about in the downtown, it leads it to adopt a liquid to press to spread to move, this whole machine function which improves excavation machine, make it more dependable, can work on several directions again, and accurate unload, and convenient unload.
The main parameter of this time design is to give bucket capacity:1m3 .This the main design scoop out machine of work device, the turn-over drives device, the liquid presses to spread to move principle.
In the design, I adopted car dish and take in to change a work inside the larger scope, because of build to satisfy a request, upper part's turning set is a whole turn-over type, so it can Be adopting a liquid to press to spread to move control but canning make the whole machine function improve.Scoop out machine with machine type mutually through, the its excavation machine dint raised a lot of, the whole machine quality is about 26 ton, the excavation dint 140 KN, unload height about 4.59 m, the excavation depth 5.089 m, scoop out a radius 9.075 m.
Keyword: the liquid press to scoop out machine; the liquid presses a control; the liquid presses system; whole turn-overs; unload; bucket.
目 錄
1 概述……………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 機械發(fā)展的特點……………………………………………………… 1
1.2 挖掘機械的類型……………………………………………………… 2
1.3 單斗液壓挖掘機的基本組成和工作原理…………………………… 2
1.4 本次設(shè)計任務(wù)………………………………………………………… 2
2 設(shè)計方案………………………………………………………………………3
2.1 工作裝置方案設(shè)計…………………………………………………… 3
2.1.1 工作裝置設(shè)計原則………………………………………………… 3
2.1.2 反鏟裝置的組成及構(gòu)造特點……………………………………… 3
2.1.3 具體結(jié)構(gòu)方案……………………………………………………… 4
2.2 回轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)方案設(shè)計…………………………………………………… 5
2.2.1 對回轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)的基本要求…………………………………………… 5
2.2.2 回轉(zhuǎn)機構(gòu)的選擇…………………………………………………… 5
2.2.3 制動器的選擇……………………………………………………… 6
2.3 液壓系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計…………………………………………………… 6
2.3.1 單斗液壓挖掘機的作業(yè)過程包括下列幾個間歇動作…………… 6
2.3.2 對液壓系統(tǒng)的要求………………………………………………… 6
3 工作裝置設(shè)計計算………………………………………………………… 7
3.1 尺寸估計……………………………………………………………… 7
3.2 運動分析……………………………………………………………… 8
3.2.1機構(gòu)自身幾何參數(shù)………………………………………………… 8
3.2.2 動臂的運動 ……………………………………………………… 8
3.2.3 斗桿的運動…………………………………………………………12
3.2.4 鏟斗的運動…………………………………………………………13
3.3 工作裝置的設(shè)計計算…………………………………………………14
3.3.1 斗形參數(shù)選擇………………………………………………………14
3.3.2 轉(zhuǎn)斗挖掘阻力計算…………………………………………………14
3.3.3 動臂機構(gòu)參數(shù)的選擇………………………………………………15
3.3.4 鏟斗機構(gòu)的參數(shù)選擇………………………………………………20
3.3.5 鏟斗機構(gòu)載荷分析…………………………………………………21
3.3.6 斗桿機構(gòu)的參數(shù)選擇………………………………………………22
3.3.7 動臂液壓缸，斗桿液壓缸，鏟斗液壓缸初步設(shè)計估算…………24
4 回轉(zhuǎn)裝置設(shè)計計算………………………………………………………… 25
4.1 滾動軸承式回轉(zhuǎn)支承的選型計算……………………………………25
4.2 回轉(zhuǎn)起動力矩和制動力矩計算………………………………………31
4.3 行星減速器設(shè)計………………………………………………………32
4.3.1 齒形及精度…………………………………………………………33
4.3.2 齒輪材料及其性能…………………………………………………33
4.3.3 計算傳動比…………………………………………………………33
4.3.4 分配傳動比…………………………………………………………33
4.3.5 高速級設(shè)計計算……………………………………………………34
4.3.6 低速級的計算………………………………………………………45
4.3.7 軸的設(shè)計……………………………………………………………47
5 轉(zhuǎn)臺布置和整機穩(wěn)定性…………………………………………………… 47
5.1 轉(zhuǎn)臺布置………………………………………………………………47
5.2 整機穩(wěn)定性計算………………………………………………………48
6 液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計……………………………………………………………… 50
6.1 液壓系統(tǒng)基本回路……………………………………………………50
6.2系統(tǒng)初步計算和液壓元件的選用……………………………………54
結(jié)論……………………………………………………………………………56
參考文獻………………………………………………………………………57
致謝……………………………………………………………………………58