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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Unit 1 The written world教案 牛津譯林版選修8 【美文閱讀】　 How to start reading classic literature 誦讀經(jīng)典可以使人提高素養(yǎng)，增長(zhǎng)才智。但是，只有掌握了一定的閱讀技巧，閱讀經(jīng)典才是快樂(lè)之旅。 The written word is one of the most powerful forms of expression. Classic literature written many years ago still has the power to educate and inspire people. Many people find it difficult to read the classics(古羅馬文學(xué)). In fact, reading the classics can be a pleasurable experience especially as you mature(成熟) and develop a deeper understanding of the world. ★Read for enjoyment. Classic literature should be read for enjoyment as well as education. Look for the works by authors youre familiar with through movies or TV. Choose the type of classic literature that you enjoy reading from past experience. ★Keep a dictionary on hand. Use the Oxford English Dictionary as a reference for unfamiliar words or to define(使明確) words that have changed in meaning over time. Start slowly and work on reading 30 minutes a day to get into the habit. ★Get to read its biographical information. This is because it relates to the setting of the story and author. To have a better understanding of the story, find out more about the time period in which a work was created and the background of its author. ★Do research on the Internet. Large numbers of websites, like Bibliomania, provide information for the study and exploration of classical literature. ★Understand story structure. Classic literature often contains plex plots and extensive character development. Focus on reading for the overall(總的，全體的) theme or the meaning of the story, and take notes to recognize the basic elements of the story. ★Buy literature panions. Authoritative(權(quán)威的) works such as the Oxford panion to Classical Literature or the Norton Anthology of English Literature offer popular classic works of literature to get you started. ★Understand the use of footnotes(腳注) in literature. Classic literature is often full of references to social and culture elements of the past. Footnotes may be used to explain these references and make the material easier to understand. 【誘思導(dǎo)學(xué)】　 1．Classic literature is too difficult for us to read now. Do you think so? 2．Which tip do you think is the most useful while reading the classics? 【答案】　1.Yes, I think so. / Though difficult, it can be read little by little. 2．The last tip. Because I think footnotes are helpful to me. Period ⅠPreviewing (教師用書(shū)獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) 本課時(shí)主要是通過(guò)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)案所給出的內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)，了解本課文中所出現(xiàn)的生詞，初步了解課文以及相關(guān)的背景知識(shí)，對(duì)課文的全面理解起到一個(gè)鋪墊作用。 ●教學(xué)地位 本單元讓學(xué)生閱讀有關(guān)英國(guó)文學(xué)作品的文章，從而吸取其中的精髓，陶冶自己的情操，提高欣賞能力。 (教師用書(shū)獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 通過(guò)三個(gè)問(wèn)題引發(fā)學(xué)生思考： Question 1：“Do you often read the English literature？” Question 2：“Do you know something about Charles Dickens, Englands the greatest writer？” Question 3：“Have you read Great Expectations? What was it mainly talking about？” ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) 導(dǎo)入新課。?學(xué)生閱讀“美文閱讀”與“誘思導(dǎo)學(xué)”(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第1頁(yè))。?學(xué)生就“美文閱讀”進(jìn)行討論，統(tǒng)一答案。 ? 學(xué)生再次閱讀課文(課本第2～3頁(yè))并完成“語(yǔ)篇理解”(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第2頁(yè))。?師生共同討論并統(tǒng)一答案。?讓學(xué)生快速閱讀課文，(見(jiàn)課本第2～3頁(yè))并完成“篇章結(jié)構(gòu)”(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第2頁(yè))。 　　　　　? 學(xué)生共同討論，并讓學(xué)生發(fā)表各自見(jiàn)解，最后統(tǒng)一答案。?學(xué)生再次仔細(xì)閱讀課文，(課本第2～3頁(yè))進(jìn)行深度理解，并完成“課文縮寫(xiě)”(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第2頁(yè))。?老師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論，共同找出答案。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 讓學(xué)生根據(jù)所給出的表格進(jìn)行自我評(píng)估(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第3頁(yè))。?學(xué)生討論，并讓學(xué)生代表發(fā)表他們討論得出的答案，老師予以更正。?讓學(xué)生完成“知識(shí)初探”部分(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第3頁(yè))。 　　　　　? 老師布置作業(yè)，并讓學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案Period Ⅱ(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第3～8頁(yè))。 Ⅰ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 閱讀P2－3的Reading部分，完成下列表格(每空1詞) 1. of classics Classics are the antiques of the literary world，taking the 2. of novels，plays and poems，which were well written long ago and are popular with present people. 3. for some people not reading classics The language used in classics 4. from the one used nowadays，adding to their difficulties with reading. Classics are oldfashioned and boring and have nothing to do with life today. Interesting facts Classics are still in 5. and have a place in the world today. Many films adapted from classics achieved great success. 6. to appreci ate classics Grasp the main elements Take Great Expectations for instance. Theme What it means to be a 7. . Setting England in the early 1800s. Symbol 8. Indicating danger and uncertainty. Helping readers understand the symbol. 9. Pip，Joe，Pips sister，Estella，a generous stranger. Beginning In a misty field of tombs. 10. Twist A stranger gives Pip a great deal of money，and Pip moves to London. Ending Pip bees a gentleman. 【答案】　1.Defination　2.form　3.Reasons　4.differs　5.existence　6.How　7.gentleman　8.Mist　9.Characters　10.Plot Ⅱ.語(yǔ)篇理解 閱讀P2－3的Reading部分，從每題所給的3個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳答案 1．What is the authors attitude towards classic novels? A．They are boring. B．They are out of date. C．They are still received. 2．Why are so many classic novels adapted into films? A．They are hard to understand. B．Nowadays few people like to read them. C．The life today has something in mon with that in them. 3．What was usually used to add interest，tension or deeper meaning in the novels? A．A symbol. B．A mysterious setting. C．A plicated plot. 4．When did Pip start a new life? A．At the age of 18. B．When he moved to London. C．When he met Estella. 5．What does Great Expectations tell us? A．Money is as precious as friendship. B．Money cant buy anything but friendship and education. C．Money is less important than friendship. 【答案】　1.C　2.C　3.A　4.B　5.C Ⅲ.課文縮寫(xiě) 閱讀P2－3的Reading部分，完成下面課文縮寫(xiě) As we all know, classics are the 1. of the literary world. They are examples of great writing and 2. ， and even those written centuries ago can still be found in bookshops and 3. today. Even some films are 4. on them. Charles Dickens is one of Englands greatest writers. Great Expectations is one of his famous 5. . The story begins when Pip is seven. There is a 6. twist in the plot when a very stranger gives Pip a large fortune. Pip moves to London. Money and 7. have changed him. He bees vain and 8. of his background and even dislikes it when Joe es to visit him because he isnt a gentleman. He wins Estellas love. But later Pip 9. a lot. He learns happiness and friends are more important than 10. . 【答案】　1.antiques　2.wisdom　3.libraries　4.based　5.works/novels　6.generous　7.education　8.ashamed 9．changes　10.wealth 　 Ⅰ.詞義搭配 1．Characteristic A．to treat a person or an animal in a cruel way 2．a(chǎn)buse B．typical or distinctive 3．desperate C．a(chǎn) person who mits a crime 4．criminal D．the feeling of fear and excitement 5．tension E．determined to do or have 6．generous F．not rude 7．vain G．too proud of your appearance, abilities or achievement 8．civil H．characterized by violence or bloodshed 9．violent I．giving or willing to give freely 10．bent J．showing extreme urgency or intensity especially because of great need or desire 【答案】　1.B　2.A　3.J　4.C　5.D　6.I　7.G　8.F　9.H　10.E Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空 e out; base on; be bent on...; be eager to; live up to; on the run；have nothing to do with; at a time 1．Though he claimed he the case, the police still found evidence to prove him guilty. 2． these principles, I have four proposals. 3．You cant realize your dream unless you achieving it. 4．Congratulations! Your article in yesterdays newspaper. 5．Mom all week preparing for Toms wedding. 6．She meet people and see places Id talked about, but it was not easy for her. 【答案】　1.had nothing to do with　2.Based on　3.are bent on　4.came out　5.has been on the run　6.was eager to Ⅲ.句型背誦 1．They are novels，plays and poems that were written a long time ago and were so well written that people still read them nowadays. 它們是很久以前創(chuàng)作的小說(shuō)，戲劇和詩(shī)歌，寫(xiě)得很好，至今人們?nèi)匀辉陂喿x這些作品。 2．This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves. 這使得一些人閱讀起來(lái)有困難，所以它們常常被擱置在書(shū)架上，積滿了灰塵。 3．Pips sister often abuses him，but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm e to Pip. 皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常辱罵他，而喬卻是一個(gè)善良淳樸的人，他寧愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何傷害。 4．Pip dislikes it when Joe es to visit him in London. 當(dāng)喬來(lái)倫敦看他時(shí)，皮普并不樂(lè)意。 Period ⅡWele to the unit & Reading (教師用書(shū)獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) (1)熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語(yǔ)。 (2)通過(guò)學(xué)案中所給出的重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠正確理解和使用這些單詞和短語(yǔ)。 (3)通過(guò)對(duì)這些詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)能夠更深層次的理解課文，再通過(guò)課文加深對(duì)這些詞匯的理解，更加熟練的運(yùn)用這些詞匯。 (4)通過(guò)對(duì)本課文的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠用英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單描述所讀過(guò)的英國(guó)文學(xué)作品并介紹自己喜愛(ài)的作家，以提高學(xué)生的口頭及書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。 ●教學(xué)地位 單詞和短語(yǔ)是構(gòu)成句子的最小單位，在語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中起至關(guān)重要的作用，所以理解和正確英語(yǔ)單詞和短語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)所在。 (教師用書(shū)獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 “Lets know something about the English literature.”開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，直入主題。 ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) 老師檢查上堂課所布置的作業(yè)，檢查學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)案預(yù)習(xí)的情況。?導(dǎo)入新課。?讓學(xué)生就“課堂互動(dòng)探究”(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第3～8頁(yè))進(jìn)行討論，讓學(xué)生各自發(fā)表自己的見(jiàn)解，然后讓各個(gè)討論組派代表匯報(bào)各自討論結(jié)果。 ? 讓學(xué)生再次閱讀課文以加深對(duì)所學(xué)單詞與短語(yǔ)的理解。?老師針對(duì)難點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)詞匯進(jìn)行講解，并補(bǔ)充老師認(rèn)為重要的詞匯和句型，補(bǔ)充一些必要的練習(xí)。?讓學(xué)生針對(duì)各自不同的意見(jiàn)展開(kāi)討論，然后老師給出詳細(xì)正確答案。 　　　　　? 讓學(xué)生完成“自我評(píng)估”(學(xué)案第8頁(yè))。?布置作業(yè)并預(yù)習(xí)Period Ⅲ(見(jiàn)學(xué)案第8～11頁(yè))。 1．This makes them difficult for some people to read，so they are often left to gather dust on shelves.(P2)對(duì)有些人來(lái)說(shuō)，讀它們是困難的，所以常被擱置在書(shū)架上積滿了灰塵。 該句使用了“make＋n./pron.＋adj.”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)句型。 Tomorrows journey makes the bikes important for us to repair.明天的旅行使得我們修理自行車變得很重要。 ①make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ) ②當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)比較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，常常用“make＋it＋賓補(bǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，it為形式賓語(yǔ)。 ③除make外，find，think也可用于此結(jié)構(gòu)。 The Reform and Openingup makes it important for us to grasp English.改革開(kāi)放使得我們掌握英語(yǔ)很重要。 【提示】　“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋省略to的不定式”變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，to不能省略。 【對(duì)接高考】 (xx四川高考)New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. A．that　　　　　　　 B．this C．one D．it 【解析】　題干為固定句型：make ＋ it ＋ adj. ＋ to do。其中it作形式賓語(yǔ)，替代動(dòng)詞不定式to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。句意：新興科技已經(jīng)使得以更快的速度、更低的成本生產(chǎn)新產(chǎn)品成為可能。 【答案】　D 　 完成句子 ①天氣使我們的計(jì)劃難以完成。 The weather for us to carry out. ②那部電影使她成了明星。 The movie . ③我們的老師使得我們感到更自信了。 Our teacher more confident. ④在交通嘈雜聲中他無(wú)法使自己的聲音提高到讓別人聽(tīng)到的程度。 He couldnt above the noise of the traffic. ⑤她明確表示反對(duì)。 He that he objected. ⑥她一定要查清楚到底該誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)。 She her business to find out who was responsible. 【答案】　①made the plan difficult?、趍ade her a star ③makes us feel　④make himself heard?、輒ade it clear　⑥made it 2．have nothing to do with與……沒(méi)有關(guān)系 Many people do not read them，because they think classics are old and boring and have nothing to do with life today.(P2)許多人不讀經(jīng)典文學(xué)作品是因?yàn)橛X(jué)得它們過(guò)時(shí)了，枯燥乏味，與今天的生活沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系。 Our decision has nothing to do with the fact that her father is on the mittee. 我們的決定與她父親是委員會(huì)成員沒(méi)有關(guān)系。 That has nothing to do with what we were discussing. 那與我們所討論的問(wèn)題毫不相干。 ①have something/much/a lot/a great deal to do with...與……有(很大)關(guān)系 ②be related to與……有關(guān)系 be concerned in/with與……有關(guān)系 　 That has something to do with what we are discussing. 那與我們正討論的問(wèn)題有關(guān)。 I was related to the matter. 我和那件事有關(guān)聯(lián)。 　 完成句子 ①You see，I (和那件事一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有)． ②Its reported that the ship sinking in Shaoyang (與……有很大關(guān)系)an overload. 【答案】　①have nothing to do with that thing ②has much/a lot/a great deal to do with 3．a(chǎn)t a time每次；依次；逐一 He first published many novels one chapter at a time in newspapers，and some were later performed on stage.(P2)他的許多小說(shuō)起初是在報(bào)紙上連載的，每次一章，有一些則后來(lái)被搬上了舞臺(tái)。 Take the pills two at a time.每次服兩片藥。 Dont try to do everything at once；take it a bit at a time.不要什么事都一塊兒干，要一次做一點(diǎn)兒。 at one time曾經(jīng)；一度 at all times總是；隨時(shí)；永遠(yuǎn) at times有時(shí) at the same time同時(shí) at that time那時(shí) at no time決不(放句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝) 　 At one time Emily was my best friend. 艾米麗曾經(jīng)是我最好的朋友。 I go to school by bus at times. 我有時(shí)做公共汽車去上學(xué)。 　 完成句子 ①Dont all speak at once！ (一次一人)，please. ②He ran up the steps (一步兩個(gè)臺(tái)階)． ③ (以前)most school teachers were men，but today there are more women than men. 單項(xiàng)填空 ④Dont try to do everything at once；take it a bit . A．a(chǎn)t one time　　　　B．a(chǎn)t a time C．a(chǎn)t the time D．a(chǎn)t times 【答案】?、貽ne at a time　②two at a time?、跘t one time　④B 4．be set in以……為背景 Great Expectations is set in England in the early 1800s.(P3)《遠(yuǎn)大前程》以19世紀(jì)初的英格蘭為背景。 The novel is set in prewar London. 這部小說(shuō)以戰(zhàn)前的倫敦為背景。 The film is set in the 18th century Paris. 這部電影以18世紀(jì)的巴黎為背景。 set about著手做……(＋n./doing) set aside保留，儲(chǔ)蓄；暫時(shí)把……放在一邊 set off出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，啟程；引爆 set out 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身；著手做(＋to do) set up開(kāi)辦，建立，設(shè)立；建造，搭起 set back使……退后；使……延遲 　 The pany was set up 10 years old. 這家公司是十年前建立的。 Wed better put some money aside for future use. 我們最好儲(chǔ)蓄些錢(qián)以備將來(lái)之需。 【對(duì)接高考】 (xx安徽高考)Traditionally，college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they on their life journey. A．give up B．settle down C．get through D．set off 【解析】　give up放棄；settle down定居，(使)安靜下來(lái)；get through完成，讀完，通過(guò)，用完；set off出發(fā)，(使)開(kāi)始，引起。句意：依照慣例，為激勵(lì)自己，大學(xué)生在踏上人生旅程之前會(huì)舉行一場(chǎng)畢業(yè)典禮。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】　D 　 完成句子 ①The film (以倫敦為背景的)is about a romantic story. ②He (著手上漆)the whole house. 【答案】?、賡et in London?、趕et about painting/set out to paint 5．Pips sister often abuses him, but Joe is a kind and simple man who would rather die than see any harm e to Pip.(P3) 皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常虐待他，但喬卻是一個(gè)善良淳樸的人，他寧愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何傷害。 (1)abuse vt.& n．虐待；辱罵；濫用 Dont abuse your friends. 不要辱罵你的朋友。 Its easy to abuse ones power. 人容易濫用職權(quán)。 ①abuse ones power濫用權(quán)力 ②alcohol/tobacco/drug abuse酗酒/嗜煙/濫用毒品 child abuse虐待兒童 　 The major abused his power and was put into prison. 市長(zhǎng)濫用職權(quán)，被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。 The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse. 政府已成立了工作組調(diào)查濫用毒品問(wèn)題。 　 完成句子 ①她濫用自己作為校長(zhǎng)的職權(quán)，把工作安排給朋友們。 She as principal by giving jobs to her friends. ②報(bào)道此案的新聞?dòng)浾咴獾搅丝謬樅椭櫫R。 Journalists covering the case . ③貪污是現(xiàn)代政治的主要弊端之一。 Corruption is in modern politics. 【答案】?、賏bused her position　②have been threatened and abused?、踑 major abuse (2)本句是個(gè)復(fù)合句。but連接并列句，who引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句修飾man。定語(yǔ)從句中使用了“would rather do...than do...”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“寧可……而不愿……”，用以表達(dá)主語(yǔ)的意愿，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)選擇后做其中一件事，而不愿做另一件事。 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我寧可在家看電視而不愿去看電影。 Facing the enemies，our soldiers would die rather than surrender.面對(duì)敵人，我們的戰(zhàn)士寧死不屈。 would do sth.rather than do sth.寧可……而不愿…… would rather(not)do sth.寧愿(不)做某事 would rather(not)have done寧愿曾經(jīng)(沒(méi))做過(guò)某事(表示主語(yǔ)要做某事，而結(jié)果卻事與愿違) would rather that sb.did sth.寧愿某人做某事(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要做的事) would rather sb.had done sth.寧愿某人做某事(表示已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事或過(guò)去要做的事) 　 Id rather not have a break now. 我倒寧愿現(xiàn)在不休息。 I would rather I had not said that yesterday. 我寧愿我昨天沒(méi)說(shuō)過(guò)那種話。 　 完成句子 ④我但愿你明天早上能在機(jī)場(chǎng)見(jiàn)到她。 I would rather her at the airport tomorrow morning. ⑤我真希望你那天沒(méi)有把那個(gè)消息告訴他。 I would rather him the news that day. ⑥我寧可向朋友借錢(qián)，也不愿拒絕幫助你。 refuse to help you，I borrow money from my friends. 【答案】　④you met?、輞ou hadnt told　⑥Rather than；would 6．desperate adj.鋌而走險(xiǎn)的；拼命的；絕望的；非常需要；渴望 Pip, who is seven years old when the story begins, is in a foggy cemetery when a desperate criminal appears and frightens him.(P3)故事開(kāi)始時(shí)，七歲的皮普正在一個(gè)濃霧籠罩的墓地中，就在這時(shí)一個(gè)窮兇極惡的罪犯突然出現(xiàn)了并恐嚇?biāo)? A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants. 一個(gè)亡命之徒為了達(dá)到自己的目的什么事都做得出來(lái)。 He was desperate when he lost all his money. 當(dāng)丟了所有的錢(qián)時(shí)他絕望了。 be desperate for渴望……，迫切需要…… be desperate to do sth.非常想做某事 desperately adv.絕望地，拼命地 desperation n. 拼命；鋌而走險(xiǎn) 　 He is desperate to pass the entrance exam. 他非?？释ㄟ^(guò)入學(xué)考試。 He was desperate for work to provide for a large family. 他渴望有工作來(lái)供養(yǎng)一個(gè)大家庭。 　 單項(xiàng)填空 He has been out of work for a long time, so he is to get a job. A．special B．particular C．desperate D．stubborn 【解析】　考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他已經(jīng)下崗很久了，因此他特別想找一份工作。desperate“非常需要，渴望”，符合句意。special“特別的，專門(mén)的”；particular“尤其，特別”；stubborn“固執(zhí)的”。 【答案】　C 7．generous adj.慷慨的，大方的；寬厚的，仁慈的 There is a twist in the plot when a very generous stranger gives Pip a large fortune.(P3) 當(dāng)一位非常慷慨的陌生人給了皮普一大筆錢(qián)的時(shí)候，故事情節(jié)發(fā)生了曲折變化。 She was always very generous in her charity. 她行善時(shí)總是很慷慨。 She was generous enough to overlook my little mistake.她非常寬宏大量，不計(jì)較我的小錯(cuò)誤。 be generous with對(duì)于……很慷慨 be generous in在……方面慷慨 be generous to sb.對(duì)某人很慷慨 Its generous of sb.to do sth. 某人真慷慨/寬宏大量做…… 　 It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum. 她很大方，捐助了這么大筆錢(qián)。 【對(duì)接高考】 (xx湖北高考)He didnt selfishly keep for himself the money inherited from his uncle. Instead, he made a contribution to help the munity. A．mercial B．generous C．parable D．profitable 【解析】　mercial“商業(yè)的，商務(wù)的”；generous“慷慨的，大方的”；parable“類似的，比得上的”；profitable“有利可圖的”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞instead可知，前后語(yǔ)意相反，make a contribution表示“捐獻(xiàn)”，因此B項(xiàng)“慷慨的，大方的”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：他沒(méi)有自私地把從叔叔那里繼承的錢(qián)自己留著，而是慷慨捐贈(zèng)出去以幫助社區(qū)。 【答案】　B 　 單項(xiàng)填空 He provides 1,000 books for the primary school.He is a contributor. A．generous B．generously C．rich D．generosity 【解析】　考查詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他為小學(xué)提供了1000本書(shū)，是一位慷慨的捐助者。generous意為“慷慨的，大方的”，作定語(yǔ)。B、D兩項(xiàng)分別是該詞的副詞和名詞形式，不可選；rich不符合句意。 【答案】　A 8．vain adj.虛榮的，自負(fù)的；徒勞的，無(wú)結(jié)果的 Money and education, however, change him, and before long he bees vain and ashamed of his background.(P3)然而，金錢(qián)和教育改變了他，不久后他變得虛榮，對(duì)自己的出身感到羞愧。 She is a vain woman.她是個(gè)虛榮的女人。 He is vain of his learning. 他對(duì)自己的學(xué)問(wèn)很自負(fù)。 in vain徒勞，白費(fèi)力氣地 a vain attempt/effort徒勞的嘗試/努力 　 All the polices efforts to find him were in vain. 警察想盡各種各樣的辦法要找到他，但是所有的努力都是徒勞的。 They tried in vain to persuade him to give up smoking. 他們極力勸說(shuō)他放棄吸煙，但枉費(fèi)了一番口舌。 　 完成句子 ①成功后，他變得自負(fù)起來(lái)。 After his success, he . ②我們所有的努力都付之東流了，也就是說(shuō)我們又失敗了。 All our efforts were ； that is to say, we failed again. 【答案】　①became vain?、趇n vain 9．Pip dislikes it when Joe es to visit him in London.(P3)當(dāng)喬來(lái)倫敦看他時(shí)，皮普并不樂(lè)意。 句中it是賓語(yǔ)，dislike it when...是一個(gè)常用句型。 He disliked it when she behaved badly in front of his mother.他討厭她在他母親面前舉止不當(dāng)。 I dislike it when I have to speak in French on the phone. 當(dāng)我不得不用法語(yǔ)打電話時(shí)，我感到很討厭。 ①like, enjoy, love, hate, dislike, appreciate等表“喜怒哀樂(lè)”的及物動(dòng)詞，需跟it再跟從句。 ②see to, depend on, lie in等由動(dòng)詞和介詞構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后接that賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先加形式賓語(yǔ)it，再接that從句。 　 I will appreciate it if you can help me. 如果您能幫忙，我將不勝感激。 I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的時(shí)候我一定會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)把他照顧好的。 　 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ①I(mǎi) dont like the way that you speak to your mother. →I you speak to your mother in that way. 完成句子 ②如果您能帶我去看下一屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)，我將不勝感激。 you could take me to watch the next Olympic Games. 【答案】　①dislike it when?、贗 would appreciate it if 10．be bent on (doing)sth.決心做某事 Pip is bent on being a gentleman and winning Estellas love.(P3)皮普一心要成為一名紳士，贏得埃斯特拉的芳心。 If you are bent on carrying out your plan，you should give your careful attention to it. 要是你決意執(zhí)行你的計(jì)劃，你應(yīng)該仔細(xì)考慮一下。 Shes bent on a career on the stage. 她傾心于舞臺(tái)生涯。 bend ones mind to sth.專心于某事 bend to...屈服于……；順從于…… bend down彎腰 bend over俯身靠近；彎身作拱形 　 He bent all his mind to studying.他專心致志地學(xué)習(xí)。 The tall man bent down to get through the doorway. 那位高個(gè)的男子彎腰為了通過(guò)那道門(mén)廊。 　 單項(xiàng)填空 ①Can you and touch your toes without ？ A．bend down；bending your knees B．bend over；bending your knees C．bend down；bend your knees D．bend over；bend your knees 【解析】　考查短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：不要彎曲膝蓋，你能彎腰觸及你的腳趾?jiǎn)?？bend down“彎腰”；bend over“俯身靠近”。without是介詞，其后應(yīng)接bending，故選擇A項(xiàng)。 【答案】　A 完成句子 ②這位老人決定自己一個(gè)人生活。 The old man . ③她總是專心致志于她的工作。 She always . 【答案】?、趇s bent on living alone?、踒ends her mind to her job 11．violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，強(qiáng)烈的 The film begins the same way as the novel does—with Finn (Pip)meeting a violent criminal on the run from the police，and then with Finn going to a rich and crazy womans house to be Estellas panion.(P5) 影片的開(kāi)頭和小說(shuō)的一樣，費(fèi)恩遇上一個(gè)在躲避警察的粗暴罪犯，后來(lái)費(fèi)恩到了一位富有而行為古怪的婦人家里成為了埃斯特拉的伙伴。 Children should not be allowed to watch violent movies.不應(yīng)允許兒童看暴力電影。 He gave the man a violent blow. 他給了那個(gè)人猛烈的一擊。 violently adv.粗暴地；兇狠地；激烈地；猛烈地 violence n．暴力，暴行；猛烈，激烈，激情 take...by violence強(qiáng)奪…… 　 As far as I know，the city was taken by violence at that time.據(jù)我所知，這座城市當(dāng)時(shí)是被強(qiáng)奪過(guò)來(lái)的。 　 完成句子 ①The boy shook his head (拼命地)． ②The force has made several (猛烈攻擊)on the hill. ③The man behaved violently and treated everything with (暴力)． 【答案】　①violently?、趘iolent attacks　③violence 12．live up to達(dá)到，符合(期望)；實(shí)踐 However, if you liked the book, you should probably not be too eager to see the film, as it is not likely to live up to your great expectations.(P5) 然而，如果你喜歡這本書(shū)，你大概不會(huì)太渴望看這部電影，因?yàn)樗芸赡苓_(dá)不到你的期望。 There is no doubt that he faithfully lived u