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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit 3《Amazing People-Word power》教案4 牛津譯林版必修2 1. curse n. & v. (1) n. ①詛咒（祈天懲罰，傷害或毀滅某物或某人） be under a ~因被詛咒而受災(zāi)禍 Our tribe is under a curse.我們的部族正遭天譴。 lay a curse upon sb.詛咒人 ②禍因，禍源 Foxes are a curse to farmers. 狐貍是農(nóng)民的一種禍害。 (2) v. 詛咒,咒罵 他咒罵那個偷他皮夾的人。He cursed the man who had stolen his wallet. 2. explore v. 勘探,考察; 探索, 探究 They explored the land to the north of the Yellow River. 他們勘查了黃河以北的所有地區(qū) We must explore all the possibilities for the solution of the problem explorer n. 探索者; 勘探者; 探測器 an Arctic explorer 北極探險家 exploration n. 勘探,考察 oil exploration 石油勘探 3 adventurous adj ①(人)有冒險精神的②(事)充滿危險的，驚險的 那是一次驚險的旅行。 That is journey. 她的生活方式充滿刺激。 She lives in lifestyle. 她不夠膽大。 She isn’t adventurous enough. adventurous pioneers 富有冒險精神的開拓者 adventure n. 冒險; 驚險活動; 奇遇; 冒險性(經(jīng)歷) adventures in the mountains All the children are listening to his adventures of travelling in Africa 4 bright adj. The leaves on the trees are bright green in spring. bright red鮮艷的 Don’t be so bad about your future. You should see the bright side of things. The doctor has a bright future before him. 樂觀的；前途光明的 His teacher didn’t think Edision bright. 聰明的；伶俐的 She gave me a bright smile. 生氣勃勃的；愉快的 The sun is brighter than the moon. 閃光的；明亮的；發(fā)光的 5 curious adj. ①好奇的，求知欲強的 be curious about sth ,對(某事物)感到好奇 be curious to do很想(做); 渴望(做 be curious that Children are naturally ~about everything around them 小孩子會自然地對周圍每一件事感到好奇。 It is good to be curious about the world around you I’m curious to know what they are talking about. 我很想知道他們在談?wù)撌裁础? I’m curious how he will deal with it.我很想知道他如何處理這事的。 ②奇特的，難以解釋的 It is/ was curious that 真奇怪，他不辭而別。It is curious that he left without saying goodbye. ③好管閑事的 curious neighbors curiosity n. 好奇（心）；珍品 He is full of curiosity. 他充滿了好奇心 curiously adv. curiosity n. 6.set sail 啟航，開船 have / take a sail set sail (from/for) : to begin a trip by sea啟程去某地 Columbus set sail from barcelona for india in 1492. Zheng he set sail for the west seven times between 1405 and 1433. Early in the morning, the ship set sail for Africa go for a sail it’s real fun to go for a sail in the mediterranean. go sailing They set sail southward sail vi. & vt. 航行; 駕船; 乘船 His ship sails today. 他的船今天航行 She sailed the boat without any help 7. gold/golden 8. preserve vt. 1) 保護，保存(使免受破壞) preserve sth.(from)… 保護…以免.. I think the interesting old customs should be preserved. The ancient Egyptians knew ways to preserve dead bodies 2) 維護,保持(狀況不變),保養(yǎng) We must ~ our eyesight. 我們必須保護視力 preserve public order維護公共秩序 preserve the world peace He has managed to ~ his independence. 他設(shè)法保持住自己的獨立性。 You look well preserved你看起來保養(yǎng)得很好 3)腌制,保存(食物) Ice helps to preserve food.冰有助于保存食物。 You can preserve meat or fish in salt.你可以用鹽保存肉或魚。 preserved fruit蜜餞 well-preserved mummies保存很好的木乃伊 9.discovery n. Make a discovery Recently scientists have made an important discovery about bird flu. The discovery of oil by China in the East Sea made the Japanese very jealous. discoverer n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)者 10．riches: wealth Which do you think is more valuable, health or riches? So riches mean nothing to you when you are ill. be rich in 盛產(chǎn)，豐富 Oranges are rich in vitamin C. jewel: often used in its plural form-- jewels She is too poor to buy jewels/jewellery. People usually buy jewels at the jeweller’s. jewellery: u.n Gold jewllery is no longer in fashion now. 11 as well as和,也,不僅…而且… He gave me money as well as advice He gave me advice, and money as well The children are adventurous as well as bright The children are bright, and adventurous as well. as well as 除…以外還…; 和…一樣也… The teacher, as well as the students, wishes for a holiday.(謂語動詞與前面的那個保持人稱和數(shù)一致) We expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.（若連接兩個不定式，如第一個帶有to,則第二個就不帶to） She sings and paints as well as playing the piano. not only…but also… Not only the teacher but also the students wish for a holiday. 12.empty adj. & vt. to remove everything that is in a container 1) adj. ① 空的; I looked into the classroom but I found it empty. There’re two empty seats in the room. ②空洞的,空虛的, 無意義的 空談, 廢話empty talk 空洞的諾言empty promises 空虛的生活an empty life 2)vt. to remove everything that is in a container弄空, 飲干, 搬[騰, 倒]空 empty a glass干杯, 喝干 empty a house搬空房屋 The police made him empty his pockets of everything. 警察叫他把口袋里的東西都掏出來 Don’t forget to empty the waste paper basket classroom after cleaning the classroom every day. empty sth. of sth. I emptied my handbag of everything, but still couldn’t find my key empty-handed 空手的，徒手的 empty-headed 愚蠢的，無腦筋的 13.present adj. 出席的，在場的（做表語或后置定語）be present at All the students present at the meeting are from class 5. 現(xiàn)在的，現(xiàn)存的（做前置定語） the present government/ tense n. /’preznt/ = gift 禮物；目前，現(xiàn)在 They exchange presents at Christmas. at present He is in Shanghai at present. for the present I can’t remember it for the present. vt. /pri’zent/ 贈與，交給，呈遞 present the village with a new library present a new library to the village 出現(xiàn)，出席 present oneself at a friend’s house present oneself for exam 14.coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧, 巧合的事 What a coincidence! 多么巧合啊 It’s a coincidence that…‥‥是巧合(偶然 by coincidence= by chance碰巧， 由于巧合 coincident adj. 同時發(fā)生的；巧合的;一致的 15.disturb v. 打擾，擾亂 disturb the early morning打破清晨的寧靜 disturb the minds of the people擾亂人心 disturb the peace擾亂平靜 Do not disturb請勿打擾 She has disturbed his plans for going abroad. 她打亂了他出國的全部計劃。 A light wind disturbed the surface of the water微風(fēng)拂動水面。 He was disturbed to hear her illness. (make someone worry) Don’t disturb the papers on my desk. (move something or change its position) 16.result vi. 產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，導(dǎo)致 If the police leave, disorder will result result from 產(chǎn)生于…，由…引起 His failure resulted from not working hard enough result in make something happen; cause; lead to引起，導(dǎo)致…；以…為結(jié)局 Heavy rains may result in flooding The earthquake in tangshan in 1976 resulted in more than 240,000 deaths and 160,000 injuries. His careless speech resulted in much argument.他的過于草率的發(fā)言引來許多爭議. The quarrel resulted in his mother leaving the home. n. 結(jié)果；效果 the football results without result毫無結(jié)果地 as a result ( of ) 作為(…的)結(jié)果 His father liked smoking. As a result, he died of lung cancer last year. 他父親喜歡抽煙, 因此, 去年死于肺癌 He died of lung last year as a result of smoking 17.certain be sure；be certain的用法辨析 be sure /be certain意為“相信”、“確信”、“對……有把握”。用法如下： ①“Be sure/certain of/about+名詞／動名詞”。表示當(dāng)事人（句子主語）的肯定看法，句子主語必須是人。如： I’m sure/certain of his ing.我相信他一定來。 We’re certain/sure about winning the game.我們一定會贏得這次比賽。 ② “Be sure/certain to do sth.”。指說話人的判斷或推測。句子的主語可以是人，也可以是物。如： He is sure/certain to e.他一定回來。 It’s sure/certain to rain tomorrow.天一定回下雨。 ③“Be sure/certain + that-clause”。表示說話人的看法，主語必須是人。主句謂語通常為肯定式。若主句謂語為否定式，that需換成whetherr/if.如： I’m sure/certain he is honest.我相信他是誠實的。 I’m not sure/certain whether he is honest.我不敢肯定他是否誠實。 ④ “be sure/certain + wh-clause”或“be sure/certain + 疑問詞＋動詞不定式”。 表示說話人的看法，主語必須是人。主句謂語常用于否定式或疑問式。如： I’m not sure/certain where she lives.我不敢肯定她住哪兒。 Are you sure/certain who she is?你能確信她是誰嗎？ I’m not sure/certain what to do next.我不知道下步該做什么。 ⑤It作形式主語，將主語從句后置時，一般不用sure,而用certain.如： It is certain that he will succeed.他一定會成功的。 ⑥在祈使句中，一般用be sure,而不用certain.如： Be sure to write to me as soon as you get there.你一到達那里，務(wù)必給我寫信 18.pay off (1) 使人得益，有報償.（尤指冒險的計劃或行動）成功，奏效，達到目的，回報 His patience and hard work finally paid off with a gold medal. 他的耐心和刻苦最終使他贏得了金牌。 Hard-working pays off in the long term. 長遠看，辛勤勞動最終會有好結(jié)果 It was a risk but it paid off. 這確實冒險，但有效果。 (2) 還清 Soon after he left school, he paid off all his debt. (3) （付清工資）后解雇pay sb. off The boss paid off the employees.老板付清雇工工資后解雇了他們。 (4) 付清工資 They are usually paid off at weekends.他們一般在周末領(lǐng)工資。 pay back 償還；報復(fù) I am sure that he will pay back every cent he owes you. 我敢肯定，他會分文不差地把欠款還給你。 How can I pay you pack for all your kindness?我怎樣報答你所有的好意呢？ pay for 為付錢；賠償；因…受罰，因…受痛苦 We got to the hotel, and I paid for the taxi.我們到了旅館，我付了出租汽車費。 I have to pay 150 yuan for the sewing machine.我得花150元買這臺縫紉機。 He paid dearly for his mistake.他為他的錯誤付出了高昂的代價。 19pare vt. 比較 pare A to B pare A with B He began to pare himself with the other students. Young people are pared to the rising sun. The poet pared his lover to a rose. pared with/to 與…，作狀語，可放于句首或句末 ______the size of the whole world, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big. A. pare B. when paring C. paring D. When pared 20.express v.表達，表現(xiàn) express … to sb, express oneself expression n. 21. base n. 基地，大本營，基礎(chǔ) She used her family’s story as a base of her novel. His arguments had a good economic base. The air base was set up in 1980. base vt base sth. on/upon 建于…之上；以…為根據(jù) Judgment should be based on facts, not on hearsay. One should always base ones opinions on facts. I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday. 22.survive vt.﹠vi.經(jīng)歷（災(zāi)難等）后還活著；在……中幸存，生還下來；比……長壽; Onlyonepassengersurvivedtheterriblecarcrash. 在那次可怕的撞車事故中只有一個乘客生還。 Fewbuildingssurvived(after)theearthquake.地震過后，所剩房屋寥寥無幾。 Themansurvivedinthedesertforaweekonbiscuitsandwater. 那個人依靠餅干和水在沙漠里生存了一個星期。 Theladysurvivedherson.（Thesonissurvivedbythemother.） 那位老婦人活過了她的兒子。（即他兒子都老死了，她還活著） 用法小結(jié)： survivesth.在某事后生存下來survivesb.活過某人survivor n. survial n. 即時反饋練習(xí)： 1._______________________________________________. 他的父母在那場事故中死亡了，但是他存活下來。 2._______________________________________________ 很少人在那次劇院大火中生還。 答案： 1.Hisparentsdiedintheaccident,buthesurvived. 2.Fewpeoplesurvivedthebigfireinthetheater. 23warning n.警告，警示 Because of her warning, I was careful. warn v. 英語里沒有warn to do 的用法， 只有warn of doing ,warn sb (not ) to do ,warn sb against sth/doing sth （1）I warned you not to buy that old car . 我勸你不要買那輛舊汽車。 （2）They were warned not to climb the mountain is such bad weather . 有人勸誡他們不要在這么壞的天氣去登那座山。 24.once 　一、作副詞用 　　1. 表示"一次;一回",通常用在句末。如: 　　①We have been there once. 我們到過那兒一次。 　　②Im going to tell him once. 我將告訴他一回。 　　2. 表示"曾經(jīng);一度;從前",常位于系動詞be之后,行為動詞之前.若表達過去有過某種經(jīng)驗和經(jīng)歷時,也可放在句首,作狀語。如: ①This film was once very popular, but nobody sees it now. 這部影片一度很受歡迎,可是現(xiàn)在沒有人看它了。 　?、贗 once lived in the south of China. 我一度住在中國南方。 　?、跲nce he worked in the factory. 他從前在那個工廠工作過。 　　3. 與not連用,表示"一次也不;完全不",用于否定句,若位于句首,主謂用倒裝語序。如: 　　①I couldnt once understand what he meant. 我完全不能理解他的意思。 　　②Not once did Mr Wang mention his feeling. 王先生從來沒有提到過他的感受。 　　4.表示"一旦",用于條件狀語從句中。如: 　　If you once lose confidence, you can never expect to do your work well. 如果你一旦失去信心,就別想做好工作。 二、作名詞用 　　表示"一次;一回",作主語或賓語.如: 　?、貽nce is enough for me. 我一次就夠了。 　?、贔or once she was telling the truth. 她就這一回說了真話。 三、作形容詞用 　　表示"曾一度的;從前的",作定語.如: 　　This is the once capital of that nation. 這是那個國家的舊都. 四、作從屬連詞用 　　表示"一旦……就……",引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,表示時間上的兩個動作或兩件事彼此緊接著發(fā)生,同時帶有條件意味。若從句中的主語與主句主語相同,且謂語中含有be時,可以省略從句的主語和be。如: ① Once you have taken the examination, you will be able to relax. 你一旦考完試就可以輕松一下。 ②Once(it is)found, any mistake must be corrected. 一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)任何錯誤就必須加以改正。 含有once的短語 1. once upon a time表示"從前",常用于故事的開頭。如: Once upon a time there was a giant with two heads. 從前有個兩頭巨人。 2. all at once 表示"突然"。如: 　All at once, I remembered. 突然我記起來了。 3.at once表示"馬上;立刻"。如: 　You must go to work at once. 你必須馬上去上班。 4.once more 表示"再一次",可用once over或once again替代。如: 　Would you please say it once more? 請您再說一遍好嗎? 5.once or twice 表示"幾次"。如: 　I made the same mistake once or twice. 同一錯誤我犯了好幾次。 25.prove v. 一、prove作"證明;證實"解時 1.prove+名詞/代詞 He has proved his courage in the battle.他已在作戰(zhàn)中證明了他的勇氣. This further proved the strength of our economy.這進一步證明了我們的經(jīng)濟實力. 2.prove+直接賓語(sth.)+to+間接賓語(sb.) The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.困難在于他怎樣向其他科學(xué)家證實他的想法. Can you prove your theory to us?你能向我們證實你的理論嗎? 3.prove+賓語+賓語補足語 (1)形容詞作賓語補足語 They proved themselves wise and brave.他們證實自己機智、勇敢. (2)名詞作賓語補足語 He has proved himself a success.他已證明了自己是個成功者. (3)動詞不定式作賓語補足語 All this proved him to be an honest man.這一切都證明他是一個誠實的人. 4.prove+賓語從句 Can you prove where you were on May 10th?你能證實五月十日你在什么地方嗎二、prove作"證明是;結(jié)果是;事實說明"解時,用作連系動詞,可用于以下句型: 1.prove+形容詞 The handbook proved most useful.這本手冊證明很有用. The medicine proved satisfactory.結(jié)果證明這藥療效令人滿意. 2.prove+名詞 She proved a very strict teacher.結(jié)果證明她是一位非常嚴格的老師. His efforts, however, proved a failure.但他的努力結(jié)果都失敗了. 3.prove+介詞短語或副詞 Perhaps this book will prove of some use to you in your studies.也許這本書會對你的研究有用處.　　 4.prove+動詞不定式 As time went on, Einsteins theory proved to be correct.隨著時間的推移,愛因斯坦的理論證明是正確的. 26.manage. vt.管理；經(jīng)營；負責(zé) Your mother has a genius for managing such things. 你母親有管理此類事情的才能。 I dont think its altogether her shop; I think she just manages it. 我認為這不完全是她的商店，她只是負責(zé)管理而已。 vi 意為"設(shè)法（終于）完成（某件困難的事）"，其后通常接不定式。 Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport? We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow. 無論如何我們最終得到了我們想要的。 The shirt was very dirty, but he managed to clean it. 這件襯衫很臟，但他設(shè)法把它弄干凈了。 注意：如果指"設(shè)法"做某事，但不知是否成功，通常用try to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。如： The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way. 獵人設(shè)法逃出森林，但他迷路了。 vi能辦到；設(shè)法解決；勉強維持。如： We have a little food, but we can manage. 我們只有一點兒食物，但我們能應(yīng)付過去。 How will you manage without a job? 沒有工作你怎么生活？ n. 不可數(shù)management，意為"經(jīng)營；管理"； 可數(shù)的manager，意為"經(jīng)理；管理人"。 The failure was caused by bad management. 失敗是經(jīng)營不善所致。 Shes not a very good manager-she always spends more money than she earns. 她不大會理財--總是入不敷出。 27 qualified adj. 有資格的；合格的 He is a qualified doctor. He is qualified for his job. qualify v. 具有資格 qualification n. 資格 28.position n. 方位；位置 Can you find our position on this map? The position is very critical. 情勢很危急。 Hes got a good position as a sales manager. What is your position on the new taxes? 關(guān)于新稅法你有何見解？ 29.live vt. He is our model .He can live his own dream by himself. adj. There is a live concert on TV tonight.(現(xiàn)場直播的)