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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookI Unit21教學(xué)案 人教大綱版 單元 考查重點及熱點 Unit 21 單詞 unfair customer avoid suitcase ahead manage fold vary crazy part firm handshake bow fist bend tap gently anger useless occur focus specific 短語 ahead of give sb. a hand get through tear down hold up make a face in order 句型 while句型結(jié)構(gòu) Unit 22 單詞 amusement souvenir attraction collection castle minority cartoon thrill educate conservation coastal divide section shuttle butterfly injury rocket helicopter carve achievement civilization prevent handbag twist darkness imagination designer endless 短語 cut off tell the truth take turns stare at a variety of 句型 “問路及應(yīng)答”的交際用語 講: v. 避免；防止；回避；避開；躲避 avoid可以跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語 例：Fortunately,we were able to avoid an accident. 我們幸而逃過了一場災(zāi)難。 I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me. 我盡量避免遇見他，因為他總是使我厭煩。 A single woman should avoid walking on dark streets at night. 單身女子應(yīng)該避免夜間在黑暗的街道上走路。 I’ve been avoided getting down to work all day. 我一整天都刻意不投入工作。 鏈接提示 (1)avoidable adj. 可避免的 (2)avoidance n. 逃避；回避 練：I crossed the street to _________ meeting him,but he saw me and came running towards me. A.get B.avoid C.try D.stop 提示:從下文可知，我不想見他。故選B。 答案:B 2.manage 講： v. 經(jīng)營；管理（同義詞:operate）；操縱；對付；設(shè)法做成；設(shè)法維持 例：He is managing the business for his father. 他在代他父親做生意。 He couldn’t manage his horse,and it threw him to the ground. 他駕馭不了他的馬，馬把他摔在地上。 He managed to organize a live concert. =He succeeded in organizing a live concert. 他設(shè)法組織了一次現(xiàn)場直播的音樂會。 I have to manage with 10 dollars till payday. 我得用10塊錢支撐到發(fā)薪日。 Can you manage another cake? 你還能再吃個蛋糕嗎？ 鏈接提示 (1)manage to do sth.=succeed in doing sth.設(shè)法做成某事；try to do sth.表示盡力做某事，但不知道最終的結(jié)果；try doing sth.試圖做某事；attempt to do盡力做。 (2)management n. 經(jīng)營；管理；處理操作 (3)manager n. 經(jīng)理 練：(1)—Would you like me to do it for you? —No,thanks._________. A.I’m on my own B.It’s my business C.It’s up to you D.I can manage myself 提示:從 “No,thanks”可知，答話人謝絕了對方的幫助，因此用I can manage myself表示“我自己能應(yīng)付得了”。 答案:D (2)—I ______ him to give up smoking,but failed. —Let me try. A.persuaded B.managed to advise C.tried to persuade D.suggested 提示:從下文可以看出，沒有勸成。故選C。 答案:C (3)I ________ to send him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage,but I _______ it. A.hoped;hadn’t managed B.has hoped;didn’t manage C.hope;don’t manage D.had hoped;didn’t manage 提示:表示“原希望做某事，實際上沒有做成”，用had hoped。 答案:D 3.occur 講： vi. 發(fā)生；（念頭、想法等）想起；浮現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；存在 例：It is said that the accident occurred at midnight. 據(jù)說那車禍?zhǔn)巧钜拱l(fā)生的。 Three misprints occur on the first page. 第一頁有三個地方印錯。 鏈接提示 (1)短語occur to sb.的意思為e into sb.’s mind “想起；想到”。 An idea has occurred to me.我想到了一個主意。 也可以使用句型:It occurs to sb.that... It occurred to me that we should go there more often. 我想到我們應(yīng)該更經(jīng)常地到那里去。 (2)下列動詞或短語都有“發(fā)生”的意思，并且都是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài):happen,take place,break out;e about。 練：It suddenly ________ to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter. A.happened B.occurred C.thought D.took place 提示:分析語境可以看出，此處應(yīng)該使用occur to sb.短語結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“突然想到”。此句中的it為形式主語，that從句為實際主語。 答案:B 短語 1.get through 講：該短語的義項有：接通（電話）；完成（工作）；通過（考試）；抵達(dá) 例：The Bill didn’t go through. 該議案未被通過。 Tom failed but his sister got through. 湯姆考試不及格但他妹妹及格了。 A smile can help us get through difficult situations. 一個微笑可以使我們擺脫困境。 I called all day yesterday,but I couldn’t get through(to you). 昨天我打了一天電話，但是都沒有辦法打通（聯(lián)絡(luò)到你）。 He has got through all his money. 他的錢都花光了。 鏈接拓展 (1)get across 過……（不用被動語態(tài)）；與……溝通 The bridge fell down just after we got across(it). 我們剛過去橋，橋就塌了。 I just can’t get across to him.我無法和他溝通。 (2)get along/on設(shè)法度過；相處（和with連用）；進(jìn)展（和with連用） We’ll get along without that much money somehow. 即使沒有那么多的錢，我們也能設(shè)法過日子。 How are you getting along with your new girlfriend? 你和新女友相處得如何？ How are you getting along with your work? 你的工作進(jìn)展得如何？ (3)get away (from)擺脫（某人）；逃離（某地）；離開；脫身 I’m afraid I can’t get away from the meeting. 我恐怕難以從會議上脫身。 (4)get down 下來 The kitten climbed the tree and couldn’t get down. 那只小貓爬上樹但下不來。 (5)get down to 開始做（to為介詞） He got down to business immediately he sat at the desk. 他一坐下就開始工作。 (6)get around/about傳播；流傳；各處走動 She gets around with the help of a stick. 她拄著拐棍到處走動。 News soon gets around that he has resigned. 他辭職的消息很快傳開了。 (7)get back返回；回去；回家；找回 What time did you get back last night? 你昨晚什么時間回家的？ I never lend books —you never get them back. 我的書從不外借 ——借出去的書就收不回來。 (8)get together聚會；聯(lián)歡 We must get together for a drink sometime. 我們什么時間得聚在一起喝一杯。 練：(1)How can he ________ without money for food during the journey? A.get together B.get along C.get back D.get down 提示:句意為:旅行中沒有錢買吃的，他是怎么過的? 答案:B (2)(xx云南統(tǒng)一檢測) —Can you finish the reports today? —Sure.I’ve _________ half of them already. A.got away from B.got down to C.got around D.got through 提示:get through意為“到達(dá)；做完；通過”，get away from意為“逃離”，get down to意為“開始認(rèn)真考慮”，get around意為“到處走動，傳播出去，回避”。 答案：D (3)(xx遼寧模擬) The final examination is ing up soon.It’s time for us to ______ our studies. A.get down to B.get out C.get back for D.get over 提示:根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選A項，get down to的意思是“開始干；著手干”，其中的to為介詞。 答案:A 2.hold up 講：該短語的義項有:舉起；拿起；舉出；阻塞；阻滯。 例：I held up my hand to show that I had a question. 我舉手表示有問題。 We were help up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam. 我們在前往機(jī)場的路上因堵車而延誤了。 鏈接拓展 (1)hold back縮回；制止；隱瞞 Hold your head back.把頭縮回去。 They must do something to hold back rushing fans. 他們必須想法擋住蜂擁而來的慕名者。 You must be holding something back from me. 你一定對我隱瞞著什么。 (2)hold off 使……保持距離；拖延 She hates children and tries to hold them off. 她討厭小孩，總是設(shè)法遠(yuǎn)離他們。 Hold off for a minute.延緩一分鐘。 (3)hold on繼續(xù)；堅持；不掛斷（電話）；固定 The storm held on all night.暴風(fēng)雨持續(xù)了一夜。 How much longer can we hold on?我們能再堅持多久？ Hold on a minute.等一會兒（別掛斷）。 (4)hold on to 抓?。粓?zhí)著于；固守 The little girl held on to the tail of his coat. 那小女孩抓住他外套的下擺。 (5)hold out伸出；維持 The lady held out her hand to him. 那女士向他伸出手。 Our food supplies won’t hold out(=last) long. 我們的食品存量維持不了多久。 (6)catch/get/lay/seize/take hold of抓住 He was caught hold of by the arm. 他的手腕被抓住。 練：(1)—Can I speak to Shannon,please? — ________She is getting changed. A.Who are you? B.Hold on,please! C.Speaking. D.Are you John? 提示:從句意看，本題考查打電話用語，應(yīng)該選B。 答案:B (2)We thought of selling this old furniture；but we’ve decided to _______ it.It might be valuable. A.hold on to B.keep up with C.turn to D.look after 提示:句意為:我們原來打算賣掉這個舊家具，但是我們已經(jīng)決定不賣了，它可能會有價值。從句意看，此空中應(yīng)填“留著(not sell)”的意思的詞，故用A項。hold on to表示“抓住，固守，不放棄”。 答案:A (3)What a pity!I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was_____in the traffic jam. A.broken up B.kept back C.held up D.kept up 提示:從句意看應(yīng)該選C，hold up表示“阻滯”。 答案:C 3.as to 講:該短語的義項有:至于；關(guān)于 as to后面跟名詞，短語和從句。 例：There are also differences as to how often we touch each other,how close we stand to someone we are talking to,and how we act when we meet or part. 至于身體接觸的頻率、談話雙方站立的距離、見面和告別的動作也有差別。 As to money,he is indifferent. 關(guān)于錢，他漠不關(guān)心。 She was at a loss as to how to explain it. 她全然不知道該如何說明這件事。 I enjoy going to the movies.But as to/as for the theater,I prefer staying at home. 我喜歡看電影，但至于看戲，我寧愿留在家里。 鏈接拓展 (1)as for sb./sth.就……而論；至于 As for me,I have nothing to plain of. 至于我，我沒有什么可抱怨的。 (2)as from/as of(指起始時間或日期)自……起 Our fax number is changing as from May 12. 我們的傳真號碼自5月12日起更改。 (3)as if/as though好像；仿佛 練：Soccer is the most truly international team sport,but there’s still some question ______ whether it should be called a game or open warfare. A.due to B.in addition C.as to D.owing to 提示:due to和owing to的意思是“由于”；in addition的意思是“除……之外；此外”；as to的意思是“至于；關(guān)于”。依據(jù)句意，選C項。 答案:C 句型 while句型結(jié)構(gòu) 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: While there are many different interpretations of our body language,some gestures seem to be universal. 盡管對于身勢語的解釋五花八門，但某些手勢似乎是全球通用的。 Pressing one’s palms together and resting one’s head on the back of one’s hand while closing the eyes as if sleeping means “I’m tired.” 雙手合十，把頭貼在手背上，同時閉上眼睛好像睡著的樣子，意思是“我累了”。 例：While I admit his good points,I can see still his shortings. 盡管我承認(rèn)他有優(yōu)點，我還是能看到他的缺點的。 While I understand your viewpoint,I don’t agree with you. 雖然我了解你的見解，我還是不能同意你。 I earn only 50 dollars a week,while he earns 80 dollars. 我一星期只賺50美元，而他卻賺80美元。 He took a bath while I was preparing dinner. 我準(zhǔn)備晚餐的時候他在洗澡。 He watched TV while eating. 他邊吃東西邊看電視。 鏈接提示 (1)while作連詞時，主要意思有:①表示時間，意思是“在……期間；當(dāng)……時候；與……同時”；②表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比，意思是“然而；但”；③多用于句首，表示讓步，意思是“雖然；盡管”。 (2)while引導(dǎo)的從句與主句的主語相同，且while從句的動詞為be時，while從句的主語和be動詞有時被省略。 練：(xx江蘇模擬) ________ I accept that he is not perfect,I do actually like the person. A.While B.Since C.Before D.Unless 提示:本題考查從屬連詞的用法。從題干內(nèi)容看，主句和從句之間存在讓步關(guān)系，而連詞while含有“雖然、雖則”之意，故選A項。 答案:A 辨析 1.through,across across(橫過、穿過)著重指從一條線或一物體表面的一邊到另一邊。其含義與on有關(guān)。 through(穿過，從……通過)著重指空間的一頭縱穿到另一頭。其含義與in有關(guān)。 即時練習(xí): (1)A train is running _______ the tunnel. (2)Don’t run _______ the street while the traffic light is red. (3)There is a shop _______ the road. (4)I don’t think he will live _______ the night. 答案:(1)through (2)across (3)across (4)through 2.no one,none (1)no one用來指人，不能接of短語，當(dāng)它作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 (2)none不僅指人也可指物，其后常接of短語，構(gòu)成“none of+名詞/代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，當(dāng)名詞或代詞為復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。 (3)回答how many引起的問句用none;回答who引起的問句用no one。 即時練習(xí): (1) _______ likes a person with bad manners. (2) _______ of his friends came to help him. (3)Almost _______ believes him. (4) _______ of them has/have seen him. (5)—Who entered the room? —_______. (6)—How many students are there in the classroom? —_______. 答案:(1)No one (2)None (3)no one (4)None (5)No one (6)None 誘思:實例點撥 【例1】 (xx浙江模擬) I couldn’t _______.The line was busy. A.go by B.go around C.get in D.get through 提示:go by經(jīng)過；go around傳播；get in收割；get through接通，打通。從句意看應(yīng)該選D。 答案:D 【例2】 (xx山東模擬) What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _______? A.given out B.put out C.held up D.used up 提示:本題考查動詞短語的辨析。give out 用完，耗盡；put out 撲滅，把某物放在外邊，發(fā)布/出版等；hold up 阻礙或延誤某人/物，以武力/暴力威脅搶劫；use up 是最大的干擾項，使用use up時，人作主語，表示把某物用完(盡)，而本題中，要選的動詞的主語是物oil,故答案只能選A。 答案:A 講評:對于考查動詞短語的題，除了要牢記動詞短語的意義，還要注意各個動詞短語的不同用法。 【例3】 (xx湖南模擬) He suddenly saw Sue _______ the room.He pushed his way _______ the crowd of people to get to her. A.across;across B.over;through C.over;into D.across;through 提示:句意為:他突然看見Sue走到了房間那邊，他擠過人群向她走過去。across和 through分別表示從表面上和內(nèi)部穿過；over表從上面越過；into表進(jìn)入。由room可知，第一空用across；“穿過人群”則用through。故選D。 答案:D 講評:準(zhǔn)確把握各個介詞的意思是做此類題的關(guān)鍵。