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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia練習(xí) 外研版必修3 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空，單句訓(xùn)練 1．Every one has his ________(strong) as well as weaknesses. 答案：strengths　strength此處意為“優(yōu)點(diǎn)，長(zhǎng)處”。 2．(xx天津五區(qū)縣高三期末改編)When the streets are full of melting snow, you cant help but ________(get) your shoes wet. 答案：get　考查cant help but...結(jié)構(gòu)。cant help but后常跟的不帶to的不定式，表示“不得不，不能不”。 3．(xx撫州高三適應(yīng)性測(cè)試改編)As neither of us would give________， the bargain came to nothing. 答案：in　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意：由于雙方都不讓步，協(xié)商最終沒(méi)有結(jié)果。give in“投降，屈服，讓步”，符合句意。 4．(xx安徽重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三檢測(cè)改編)I was just talking to my old friend when Mary cut________. 答案：in　考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我正在與老朋友談話，這時(shí)瑪麗插話了。cut in“插話”，符合句意。 5．(xx天津南開(kāi)中學(xué)高三月考改編)The girl seldom, if ________， turned to her brother for protection. 答案：ever　考查if構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。句意：這個(gè)女孩很少向她的哥哥尋求保護(hù)。if ever“如果曾經(jīng)有的話”。if ever 經(jīng)常與seldom連用，表示“很少”。 6．The Chinese government has passed a new regulation forbidding supermarkets and stores to give ________ free plastic bags to shoppers to protect the environment. 答案：out　give out意為“分發(fā)；用完”，此處表示“發(fā)放免費(fèi)的塑料袋”。 7．There is too much in the British Museum for us to take ________ at one go. 答案： in　take in意為“吸收；理解”。句意：大英博物館里有太多的東西，我們?nèi)ヒ淮问菍W(xué)不完的。 8．(xx遼寧盤錦第二高級(jí)中學(xué)第二次階段考試改編)Although he is over 65, Mr. Smith has never been tired. Hes a man full of ________. 答案：energy　考查名詞。句意：雖然斯密斯先生超過(guò)六十五歲了，但是他從來(lái)不覺(jué)得累。他是一個(gè)精力充沛的人。energy“精力；能量”，符合句意。 9．He________(plain) to me about the bad weather he had while traveling there, from which I guessed that he must have had a very unpleasant journey. 答案：plained　plain意為“抱怨”，plain to sb. about sth.意為“向某人抱怨某事”，符合句意。 10．—My deskmate has made ________ his goal to go to Beijing University. —No wonder he has been working so hard. 答案：it　根據(jù)句意看出，make的賓語(yǔ)為“上北京大學(xué)”，所以應(yīng)選it作形式賓語(yǔ)。 Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空，篇章訓(xùn)練 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)與括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Mary：I __1__(tell) that youve just been back from the USA.Will you tell me something about __2__ the students there spend their summer vacation? Jack：OK, In the United States, summer is the season of swimming pools, barbecues, camping and road trips.Road trip vacations are __3__(particular) popular with college students, and __4__ like to explore the country on wheels.__5__ best part about car trips is that you can stop and explore if you are __6__(interest) in things you see along the way. And you dont have to plan __7__ advance.You can just get into a car and drive. Mary：What about the expense? Jack: Even with high gas prices, driving with friends is __8__(cheap) than flying. Mary：But what can one do __9__ he or she doesnt have a car? Jack：Though many college students dont own a car, most have access to one. I once used a __10__(borrow) car traveling from New York to New Orleans. 1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______ 6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______ 答案：1.am told　2.how　3.particularly　4.they　5.The　 6．interested　7.in　8.cheaper　9.if　10.borrowed Ⅲ.完形填空 (xx江西九江一中調(diào)研) Socialization is the way in which children and adults learn from others. We begin learning from others during the early days of life; and most people continue their social learning all through life __1__ some mental or physical disability slows or stops the learning __2__. Sometimes the learning is __3__， as when we learn a new sport, art or musical technique from a friend. At other times, social learning is __4__， as when we learn not to drive too fast by receiving a large fine for __5__. Positive socialization is the type of social learning that is based on pleasurable and __6__ experiences. We tend to like the people who fill our socialization with __7__， loving care, and rewarding opportunities. Negative socialization __8__ when others use punishment, harsh criticisms or anger to try to“__9__ us a lesson”； and often we e to dislike both negative socialization and the people who __10__ it on us. There are all types of mixes of positive and negative socialization; and the more positive social learning experiences we have, the happier we tend to be—especially if we learn useful information that helps us deal with the __11__ of life. Our __12__ socialization helps explain a majority of who we are at present—what we think and feel, where we plan to go in life. But we are not __13__ by the things given to us by those learning experiences; we can take all our __14__days and guide our future social learning in directions that we __15__. The more that we know about the socialization procedure, the more effective we can be in __16__ our future learning in the ways that will help us most. Because we were not able to __17__ our parents, and we were not able to __18__ much of the first 10 or 20 years of our socialization. However, most people learn to __19__their own socialization as they gain experience in life. It takes special skills to steer (掌舵) our own socialization, and many of us __20__ some of those skills naturally as we go through life but others may need to take some courses for those skills. 語(yǔ)篇解讀：社會(huì)化是人與人之間相互學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程。文章從積極的和消極的角度分別對(duì)社會(huì)化進(jìn)行了闡述，引領(lǐng)人們樹(shù)立正確的社會(huì)化進(jìn)程的學(xué)習(xí)觀念。 1．A.if　　　　　　　　　　　 B．since C．unless D．while 答案：C　根據(jù)此空前的“and most people continue their social learning all through life”和空后的“some mental or physical disability”可知此處前面提到大部分人一生會(huì)持續(xù)他們的社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)，而后面提及了精神或生理疾病，前后語(yǔ)義上是條件關(guān)系，故C項(xiàng)正確。 2．A.process B．methods C．progress D．period 答案：A　process意為“過(guò)程”；method意為“方法”；progress意為“進(jìn)步”；period意為“一段時(shí)間，周期”。根據(jù)此空前的slows or stops the learning可知此處表示減慢或者停止學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程，故A項(xiàng)正確。 3．A.tiresome B．fun C．burden D．effortless 答案：B　tiresome意為“令人厭倦的，討厭的”；fun意為“有趣的，令人愉快的”；burden意為“負(fù)擔(dān)”；effortless意為“容易的，應(yīng)付自如的”。結(jié)合下文，該段最后一句提及的是社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的另一種情況，抓住其中“a large fine(懲罰，罰款)”可知此處指社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)中令人愉悅的一面，故B項(xiàng)正確。 4．A.worthwhile B．boring C．valuable D．painful 答案：D　worthwhile意為“值得做的”；boring意為“令人討厭的”；valuable意為“貴重的，寶貴的”；painful意為“痛苦的”。根據(jù)此空前的“At other times”可知此處指社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)中令人痛苦的一面，故D項(xiàng)正確。 5．A.speeding B．drunkdriving C．casualparking D．overload 答案：A　speeding意為“超速行駛”；drunkdriving意為“酒后駕駛”；casualparking意為“隨意亂?！?；overload意為“超載”。根據(jù)此空前的提示“driver too fast”可知A項(xiàng)正確。 6．A.practical B．exciting C．personal D．beneficial 答案：B　practical意為“實(shí)際的”；exciting意為“令人興奮的”；“令人愉快的”；personal意為“親自的”；beneficial意為“有利的”。前后由and連接，填入的詞應(yīng)該與形容詞pleasurable“令人愉快的”意思相近，由此確定B項(xiàng)正確。 7．A.motivation B．conversation C．information D．conclusion 答案：A　motivation為“動(dòng)力，積極性”；conservation意為“談話，會(huì)話”；information意為“信息”；conclusion意為“結(jié)論”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“我們傾向于喜歡那些將社會(huì)化充滿動(dòng)力、關(guān)懷以及有回報(bào)的人”可知A項(xiàng)正確。 8．A.occurs B．fails C．suffers D．enters 答案：A　occur意為“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”；fail意為“失敗”；suffer意為“遭受”；enter意為“進(jìn)入”。根據(jù)此空后的“when others use punishment，harsh criticisms or anger to try to...”可知此處A項(xiàng)正確。 9．A.tell B．prepare C．draw D．teach 答案：D　與lesson搭配，動(dòng)詞用teach，teach sb.a lesson“教訓(xùn)某人”，固定結(jié)構(gòu)。 10．A.cheat B．test C．force D．request 答案：C　cheat意為“欺騙”；test意為“測(cè)試”；force意為“強(qiáng)迫”；request意為“要求，請(qǐng)求”。與后面的介詞on搭配，動(dòng)詞用force。force sth.on sb.意為“將某事強(qiáng)加于某人”，固定搭配。 11．A.opportunities B．conditions C．challenges D．pleasures 答案：C　opportunities意為“機(jī)會(huì)”；conditions意為“情況”；challenges意為“挑戰(zhàn)”；pleasures意為“愉快，樂(lè)事”。根據(jù)此空前的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)deal with，再結(jié)合文意可知C項(xiàng)正確。 12．A.previous B．current C．positive D．negative 答案：A　previous意為“以前的”；current意為“當(dāng)前的，流行的”；positive意為“積極的”；negative意為“否定的”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，之前的社會(huì)化幫助解釋現(xiàn)在的我們，故A項(xiàng)正確。 13．A.surprised B．limited C．shaped D．a(chǎn)ffected 答案：B　be surprised by意為“驚訝于”；be limited by意為“局限于”；be shaped by意為“由……塑造”；be affected by意為“被……影響”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我們并不會(huì)被那些學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷給予我們的東西所束縛，故B項(xiàng)正確。 14．A.happy B．healthy C．remaining D．past 答案：C　happy意為“高興的”；healthy意為“健康的”；remaining意為“剩下的，剩余的”；past意為“過(guò)去的”。此處涉及and連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)此空后的days and guide our future...可知此處指我們的余生，因此C項(xiàng)正確。 15．A.doubt B．lose C．a(chǎn)bandon D．value 答案：D　doubt意為“懷疑”；lose意為“丟失”；abandon意為“拋棄”；value意為“重視”。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指朝著我們認(rèn)為有價(jià)值的方向引領(lǐng)我們未來(lái)的社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)，故D項(xiàng)正確。 16．A.directing B．describing C．damaging D．discovering 答案：A　direct“管理，指導(dǎo)”；describe“描繪，描述”；damage“損害”；discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)上一句中g(shù)uide our future social learning可知此處填入的詞和guide意思相近，故A項(xiàng)正確。 17．A.socialize B．select C．support D．blame 答案：B　socialize意為“使……社會(huì)化”；select意為“選擇”；support意為“支持”；blame意為“責(zé)備”。根據(jù)句意可知，我們不能“選擇”父母，故B項(xiàng)正確。 18．A.enjoy B．resist C．repeat D．control 答案：D　enjoy意為“享受”；resist意為“抵制，抵抗”；repeat意為“重復(fù)”；control意為“控制”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處指我們不能控制社會(huì)化進(jìn)程的頭10年或者20年，故D項(xiàng)正確。 19．A.influence B．quit C．continue D．break 答案：A　influence“影響”；quit“放棄”；continue“持續(xù)”；break“打破”。此處是上一句語(yǔ)義上的轉(zhuǎn)折，上一句是不能控制，此處指“影響”自己的社會(huì)化，故A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。 20．A.put up B．pick up C．make up D．turn up 答案：B　put up意為“張貼；提出”；pick up意為“撿起；習(xí)得”；make up意為“組成；編造；化妝”；turn up意為“調(diào)大；出現(xiàn)”。與名詞skill搭配，結(jié)合短文內(nèi)容可知此處表示“自然地習(xí)得這些技能”，故B項(xiàng)正確。 Ⅳ.閱讀理解 (xx臨沂高三二模) There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy traffic. At present, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is really worldwide. On Several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in distant areas away from any industrial cities. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting in a “greenhouse effect”—keeping heat reflected from the view is correct and the worlds average temperature. If this view is correct and the worlds temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water. Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and lowering the earths temperature—a result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions will happen. Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the worlds temperature will stay about the same as it is now. Driven by economic profits, people ignore the damage on our environment caused by the “advanced civilization”. Maybe the air pollution is the price the human beings have to pay for their development. But is it really worthwhile? 語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了空氣污染可能會(huì)給人類造成的影響。人類社會(huì)的進(jìn)步不應(yīng)該以犧牲環(huán)境作為代價(jià)。 1．People used to think that air pollution ________. A．caused widespread damage in the countryside B．a(chǎn)ffected the entire eastern half of the United States C．had a very bad effect on health D．existed merely in urban and industrial areas 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句“There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy traffic.”可知，人們過(guò)去認(rèn)為空氣污染只存在于工廠林立的工業(yè)區(qū)和交通擁擠的大城市當(dāng)中。故答案選D。 2．As to the greenhouse effect, the author ________. A．shares the same view with the scientists B．is uncertain of its occurrence C．rejects it as being ungrounded D．thinks that it will destroy the world soon 答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“If this view is correct and...”可知，作者并不確定這種觀點(diǎn)(來(lái)自化石燃料燃燒的二氧化碳會(huì)導(dǎo)致溫室效應(yīng)，使全球變暖)是否正確。故答案選B。 3．The underlined word “offset” in the second paragraph could be replaced by ________. A．counteract B．break from C．get along D．municate 答案：A　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在的句子及其前一句可知識(shí)， 我們不知道這兩種可能情況(全球變暖和全球變冷)中的哪種會(huì)發(fā)生，如果我們足夠幸運(yùn)的話，這兩種現(xiàn)象會(huì)相互抵消中和，溫度依然會(huì)保持不變。因此，offset應(yīng)為“補(bǔ)償，抵消”之意，故答案選A。 4. If the worlds temperature lowered just a few degrees ________. A．it would not do much harm to life on earth B．it would lead major farming areas to disaster C．particular things would increase greatly in the atmosphere D．seas and oceans would flood many cities 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“A drop of just a few degrees could... and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas.”可知，溫度降低幾度的話，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)類似冰川時(shí)代的現(xiàn)象，農(nóng)業(yè)將會(huì)變得很困難甚至是不可能了。故答案選B。 5．This passage is primarily about________. A．the greenhouse effect B．the burning of fossil fuels C．the potential effect of air pollution D．the possibility of new ice age 答案：C　主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了空氣污染可能會(huì)給我們?cè)斐傻挠绊憽９蚀鸢高xC。