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2019-2020年高考英語 Book 1 Unit 4課案 新人教版 航 導(dǎo) 類別 學(xué)習(xí)要求 詞匯 n.地震_______；井_______;管，導(dǎo)管_______;事件；大事________;民族；國(guó)家________;運(yùn)河；水道_________;蒸汽；水汽_______;廢墟；毀滅_______;苦難；痛苦________;磚塊_______;水壩______;軌道；足跡________;電；電流________;災(zāi)難________；礦山；礦井______;礦工_______;掩蔽；避身處_______;標(biāo)題；頭銜________;記者_(dá)____;損失；損害_______;祝賀；賀詞________；要點(diǎn)；大綱；輪廓_______；報(bào)刊的大字標(biāo)題_______;騎自行車的人________； v.爆裂；爆發(fā)_______；損害；傷害________；破壞；毀壞_______；（使）震驚______；援救；營(yíng)救_______；使陷入困境______；埋葬；掩埋_______；使驚嚇；嚇唬______；斷定；裁判；判決____：表示；表達(dá)______; adj.極度的_______；無用的；無效的_______；受驚的；受恐嚇的_______；令人恐懼的_______； adv.真誠(chéng)地；真摯地_________ 短語 立刻；馬上_______；仿佛；好像_________破敗不堪; 嚴(yán)重受損__________；掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)_________結(jié)束；終結(jié)________許多；大量的________ 語法 定語從句（由that，which，who，whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句） 1. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 2. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 3. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away. 4. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 功能 l. Talking about past experiences It was terrible when…It seemed as if... No longer after that… 2. Expressing thanks I would like to express my thanks to... who… Here, I wish to express my thanks for the great efforts… 導(dǎo) 指 本單元2011高考命題趨向分析： 1.injure,damage,destroy, hurt. ruin的意義區(qū)別與用法特點(diǎn)，不但是平時(shí)測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)，也是高考的重要考點(diǎn)其中hurt用于喻意，ruin及damage用作名詞時(shí)的接觸搭配be in ruins 和do damage to /do harm to 等將是命題的切入點(diǎn)。xx年北京卷對(duì)ruin的用法進(jìn)行了考查，xx年考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考中要重視以上詞的辨析和hurt等詞的特殊意義 2.honour, success, surprise, failure等抽象名詞用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)的用法在往年中已經(jīng)考查過，對(duì)于它們的考查往往和冠詞放在一起進(jìn)行?？忌鷳?yīng)該多注意中西方文化的差異，in honour of 與an honour等；另外a big surprise, a big success等用法高考題曾經(jīng)考過xx江蘇卷和福建卷都對(duì)success為可數(shù)名詞的用法進(jìn)行了考查；2011年考生應(yīng)該多重視此類詞的這種用法。 3.近似詞rise, arise及raise的辨析，學(xué)生要牢固掌握，尤其rise 和raise的用法辨析，arise靈活詞義都會(huì)是2011年命題的重點(diǎn)。 4.the number of 與a number of 接名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)選擇可以作為主謂語一致性進(jìn)行考察，考生只要掌握它們的用法，就不難突破。 5.數(shù)詞、代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)是高考命題點(diǎn)，比如分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)或all,most, what 引導(dǎo)的主語從句，往往和主謂語一致性考查，僅幾年考的不多，但2011年考生要重視 6.定語從句一致是高考的熱點(diǎn)和重要考點(diǎn)，2011屆考生要全力一赴地復(fù)習(xí)好這項(xiàng)語法，尤其注意that.which的用法區(qū)分。as, which的辨析，whose定語形式的變化，way.situation,case等特殊先行詞的關(guān)系詞選擇 第一課時(shí) 15分鐘 自主梳理 1. rise 和rise ,raise 的區(qū)別； 2. ruin ,damage ,destroy 三個(gè)詞匯的用法及區(qū)別； 3. injure/harm/wound/hurt 之區(qū)別； 4. 部分否定的用法總結(jié)； 5. which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的活用。 自我評(píng)價(jià) 1. —How about Christmas evening party? （xx 福建卷） —I should say it was success. A.a; a B.t he; a C.a;不填 D.the; 不填 2. We have every reason to believe that_____ xx Beijing Olympic Games will be_____ success.（xx 江蘇卷） A. / … a B. the … / C. the … a D. a … a 3.Mike didn’t play football yesterday because he had____his leg.(xx. 全國(guó)卷I) A. damaged B. hurt C. hit D. struck 疑點(diǎn)筆記： 45分鐘 考點(diǎn)突破 1．rise vi上升，升起；上漲；起身，起床 常見短語：rise to ones feet站起來；give sb.a rise給某人漲工資；get a rise得到加薪；on the rise在上漲；增長(zhǎng) rise vi．（rose，risen）1）（太陽、月亮等）上升；升起2）（物價(jià)等）上漲 3）（人等）起身；起床 raise vt．(raised，raised) 舉起；提出；飼養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；種植；籌款 arise vi.（arose．a(chǎn)risen） 出現(xiàn)；起因于；發(fā)生 arouse vt.(aroused，aroused) 激起；引起（感情、態(tài)度） 即學(xué)活用： 1) Hes used to________early in the morning. 2)The price of tomatoes has been__________recently. 3)Emotional or mental problems can________ from a physical cause. 4) Her strange behaviour_________our suspicions. 2．ruin n.廢墟；遺跡；毀滅；vt.（使）毀滅；（使）墮落 常見短語：ruin ones health/fame/plan/hopes段壞某人的健康／名譽(yù)／計(jì)劃／希望等；in ruins成為廢墟；ruin oneself毀掉自己 即學(xué)活用： 1) The hurricane ___________all the houses here. 2) You will ruin your future if you continue. (翻譯)__________________________________. 3．Injure vt/vi. 傷害；損害 常用派生：injury n．傷害；損害；injured adj.受傷的 辨析：injure hurt harm wound ( l)injure多指由于意外或事故而使身體受到“傷害” e.g. He got injured while playing hockey. (2)hurt( hurt, hurt)尤指心靈上和感情上的“傷害”，也可用于表示“（肉體上的）傷害” e.g. He was rather hurt by their criticism. (3) harm往往用于表示對(duì)生物或抽象事物的“傷害，損害”；常用詞組：do harm to e.g. The court case will do serious harm to my business. (4) wound多指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)當(dāng)中受傷，也指由刀、槍、劍等導(dǎo)致的受傷 e.g. His father was wounded in the battle. 即學(xué)活用： 1) She felt_________at your words. 2) Too much work did great_________to him, so he is still in poor heahh. 3) Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had____his leg. A. damaged B.hurt C.hit D.struck(09惠州模擬) 4．useless adj.無用的；無益的；無效的 e.g.Its useless worrying about it. 用法拓展：Its useless/ no use/no good doing sth. Its a waste of time doing sth. 詞匯拓展：useful adj.有用的；有益的usefulness，n．有用 used adj.用過的；二手的 5．burst v．(burst，burst)＆n．爆裂；爆發(fā) 常用詞組：burst in闖人；burst out doing突然……起來burst into+賓語，意思是闖入；突然……起來 e.g.(1) The bag was so full that it burst open. (2) Hearing the news, all the boys burst out laughing/burst into laughter. 6．gjve out用完；耗盡 辨析：use up run out of give out run out use up和run out of及物動(dòng)詞用法，接賓語，有被動(dòng)；give out和run out不及物動(dòng)詞用法，不接賓語，無被動(dòng)，物作主語。give out強(qiáng)調(diào)貯存物、供應(yīng)品、耐心、力氣等耗盡；give out還有及物動(dòng)詞用法：分發(fā)；發(fā)出（氣味、熱）；宣布等 e.g. 1) After a month their food supplies gave out. 2)The teacher gave out the exam papers. 3) The radiator gives out a lot of heat. 4) The radio has just given out the football results. 即學(xué)活用： What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has____?(xx會(huì)寧模擬) A. given out B.put out C.held up D.used up 7．All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。 all, both, every, everyone, everybody, everything+名詞和not迮用，是部分否定；其完全否定形式是：no,one, none, nobody, nothing, not…any, neither, no+名詞。 1) I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with____. A. everything B.anything C.something D. nothing 2) We couldnt eat in a restaurant because_____of us had _____money on us . A．a(chǎn)ll; no B．a(chǎn)ny; no C. none; any D. no one ; any 專題： 定語從句 【基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)】 由that, which, who, whose關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句用法用法簡(jiǎn)述如下。 1、that指人亦可指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，賓語可以省略； The girl that was crying just now is my best friend.剛才哭的那個(gè)女孩是我最好的朋友。 2、which指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，賓語可以省略； China is a country which has a long history. 中國(guó)是一個(gè)具有悠久歷史的國(guó)家。 3、who 指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，賓語可以省略； The man who was here yesterday is a painter. 昨天在這里的那個(gè)人是位畫家。（who作主語） The man who I saw is called Smith. 我見到的那個(gè)人名叫史密斯。（who作賓語，亦可省略） 4、whose是屬格，指人也可指物，在定語從句中作定語 I live in a room(,) (whose windows) =(the windows of which)face south. 我住在一個(gè)窗戶朝南的房間里。 【點(diǎn)撥】辨析 that,which;who ,that 相同點(diǎn)：都可以指物 不同點(diǎn)：如下 1、在下列情況下只能用that而不能用which引導(dǎo)定語從句 （1）當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞是不定代詞all, little, few, much, none,, anything, nothing, everything等時(shí)。 （2）當(dāng)先行詞被最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞以及the very, the few, the only修飾時(shí)。 （3）當(dāng)先行詞被all, little, much, some, any, no, every等詞修飾時(shí) （4）當(dāng)先行詞由表示人和物的兩個(gè)并列的名詞構(gòu)成時(shí)。 （5）當(dāng)主句是以which或who特殊疑問句時(shí)。 （6）當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作表語時(shí) 2、在下列情況下只能用which而不能用that引導(dǎo)定語從句 （1）介詞后； （2）非限定性定語從句。 相同點(diǎn)：都可以指人，在句中作主語 不同點(diǎn)：如下 指人時(shí)，在下列情況下一般選用who： （1）當(dāng)先行詞為those, one, anyone, nobody等不定代詞時(shí)。例如： The one who knows me well is Tom.非常了解我的那個(gè)人是湯姆。 （2）在分隔型定語從句中，若先行詞代指人。如： A new master will e tomorrow who will teach you German. 有位新老師明天來教你們德語 （3）先行詞為there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的主語時(shí)例如： There is a man who wants to see you.有個(gè)人想見你 【高考典題】 1.（05，北京春）Do you still remember the chicken farm____ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what 【答案】C?？疾殛P(guān)系詞選擇 【點(diǎn)撥】由句意判斷“we visited three months ago”為定語從句，修飾the chicken farm,關(guān)聯(lián)詞使用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞主要取決于從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里visited后需要的是定語，所以選用C.如果此項(xiàng)是which也可以 2. —Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else_______, is there? A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn 【答案】B。本題考查定語從句和turn to sb。 【點(diǎn)撥】由于所填的答案為no one else的定語從句，因此排除A、D兩項(xiàng)。又因?yàn)閠urn to sb. 為固定習(xí)語，意為“求助于某人，”由此排除C項(xiàng)選出B項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)省略了作賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom/ that。 3. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that 【答案】A。考查介詞提前關(guān)系詞選擇 【點(diǎn)撥】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，按照翻譯法確定“people were eaten by the tiger” 是定語從句，先行詞the scenes 在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，此時(shí)“in which= where” 【實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練】 1. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.（xx 上海卷） A. which B. that C. where D. it 2. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. （xx 安徽卷） A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 3. We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people,most of _____are healthy（xx 北京卷） A. that B.which C. what D. whom 4. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ___________ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. （xx 湖南卷） A. who B. which C. what D. that 5.（08福建卷）31. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 6.（08湖南卷）31. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control. A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that 7.（08江蘇卷）24. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions. A. which B. what C. that D. where 8.（09天津）11. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 9.（09北京）3. —What do you think of teacher ,Bob？ —I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting . A. where B. which C. when D. that 10.（09安徽）2. Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom 自我總結(jié)： 當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo) 一.用方框中所給單詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式填空 burst out; congratulation; judge from; disaster; damage 1. The storm didn’t do much_________. 2. Losing your job doesnt have to be such a_________. 3. The little girl__________ __________crying when she saw her mother. 4.___________ _____________previous experience, he will be late. 5. "We are getting married!…“___________!” 二．請(qǐng)用本單元所學(xué)單詞或短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. The________（電）being suddenly off, we had to stop our heated discussion. 2. They were eventually r_________by helicopter. 3. After the big earthquake, the whole city was left________ _________(廢墟）． 4. They were running to the supermarket to seek_______ ________ _______ ___________. 5. A memorial meeting was held________ __________ __________the great man. 三．根據(jù)中文提示完成下列句子 1．When they set out they__________ _________ ___________．（有很充分的準(zhǔn)備） 2．The_________（受了驚嚇的）horse ran away from the fire． 3. The whole nation________ _______（震驚）at the news that 50,000 people were killed in the earthquake. 4．_________ ____________ _________（百分之五）the work______ _____ ____ ____ （將被完成）by the end of next month. 5．The sun_________in the east and________in the west.(太陽東升西落) 四. 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. The giant panda, "Hua Mei"from a group of 23 ______ in the Wolong Center, is one year and four months old, _____ 46kg. A. risen; weighing B. raises; weighs C. raised; weighing D. raising; weighed 2. It s no ________arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. A. use B. help . C. time D. way 3. ___________ for the worst in advance and you won t be disappointed. A. Prepare B. When preparing C. Having prepared D. If you prepared 4. The party last night was _____ great success. We sang and danced until it came to ______end at 12:00. A. a; an B. the; an C. a; the D. /; the 5. ---Anything new in today s paper? ---lt s _____ that the Prime Minister will pay a second visit to the USA next week. A. taken out B. given out C. made out D. brought out 6. The car ran into a crowd of middle school students,________ to hospital immediatel A. two of whom sent B. two of them sent C. two of whom are sent D. two of them sending 7. I have many friends, __________some are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom 8. She heard a terrible noise, ___________brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. that 9. His parents wouldn t let him marry anyone ,___________family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose 10. It was in the lab_______was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _____ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. which; where C. that; where D. which/that; that 11. Is this house _ you visited last Sunday? A. the one B. which C. that D. where 25分鐘 第一節(jié) 完型填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36-55各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 （08山東）On August 26, xx, New York City experienced a terrible rainstorm. The rain caused the streets to __36__ and the subway system almost came to a stop. Unfortunately, this happened during the morning rush hour. Many people who were going to work were __37__ to go home. Some battled to __38__ a taxi or to get on a bus. Still others faced the __39__ bravely, walking miles to get to work. I __40__ to be one of the people on the way to work that morning. I went from subway line to subway line only to find that most __41__ had stopped. After making my way __42__ crowds of people, I finally found a subway line that was __43__. Unfortunately, there were so many people waiting to __44__ the subway that I could not even get down the stairs to the __45__. So I took the train going in the opposite direction, and then switch back to the downtown train. Finally, after what seemed like an forever, the train __46__ my stop. Then I had to walk several blocks in the increasingly heavy rain. When I finally got to my office, I was __47__ through, exhausted and __48__. My co-workers and I spent most of the day drying off. When it was 5:00 pm，I was ready to go home. I was about to turn off my puter __49__ I received an email from Garth, my Director: I would like to thank all of you who made the effort and __ 50__ reported to work. It is always reassuring(令人欣慰), at times like these, when employees so clearly show their __51__ to their jobs. Thank you. Garth’s email was short, but I learned more from that __52__ message than I ever did from a textbook. The email taught me that a few words of __53__ can make a big difference. The rainstorm and the traffic __54__ had made me tied and upset. But Garth’s words immediately__55__ me and put a smile back on my face. 36. A. break B. flood C. sink D. crash 37. A. forced B. refused C. adjusted D. gathered 38. A. order B. pay C. call D. search 39. A. climate B. scenery C. storm D. burden 40. A. used B. promised C. deserved D. happened 41. A. practice B. routine C. process D. service 42. A. to B. through C. over D. for 43. A. operating B. cycling C. turning D. rushing 44. A. check B. carry C. find D. board 45. A. street B. ground C. floor D. platform 46. A. paused B. crossed C. reached D. parked 47. A. wet B. weak C. sick D. hurt 48. A. ashamed B. discouraged C. surprised D. puzzled 49. A. while B. when C. where D. after 50. A. hardly B. casually C. absolutely D. eventually 51. A. devotion B. donation C. connection D. reaction 52. A. accurate B. urgent C. brief D. humorous 53. A. promise B. appreciation C. advice D. guidance 54. A. troubles B. signals C. rules D. signs 55. A. corrected B. supported C. amazed D. refreshed 第二節(jié)：閱讀理解 A Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergence alert (警報(bào)) system using text messages delivered to cell phones. Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years, particularly among young people. The wireless industrys trade association, CTIA, estimates（估計(jì)） more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month. The plan es from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act, a xx federal law that requires improvements to the nations emergency alert system. The act tasked the Federal munications mission (FCC) with ing up with new ways to alert the public about emergencies. "The ability to deliver accurate and timely warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services is an important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to take action to protect themselves and their families before, and during, disasters and other emergencies," FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan. Participation in the alert system by carriers –telemunications panies is voluntary, but it has received solid support from the wireless industry. The program would be optional for cell phone users. They also may not be charged for receiving alerts. There would be three different types of messages, according to the rules. The first would be a national alert from the president, likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster. The second would involve "approaching threats," which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings. The third would be reserved for child abduction (綁架) emergencies, or so-called Amber Alerts. The service could be in place by xx. 1. What is the purpose of the approved plan? A. To warn people of emergencies vis messages. B. To popularize the use of cell phones. C. To estimate the monthly number of messages. D. To promote the wireless industry. 2. The improvement to the present system is in the charge of ____. A. CTIA B. the Warning Alert and Response Network C. FCC D. federal regulators 3. The carriers’ participation in the system is determined by _____. A. the US federal government B. mobile phone users C. the carriers themselves D. the law of the United States 4. Which of the following is true of cell phone users? A. They must accept the alert service. B. They may enjoy the alert service for free. C. They must send the alerts to others D. They may choose the types of messages 5. An alert message will NOT be sent if _____. A. a child loses his way. B. a university shooting happens C. a natural disaster happens D. a terrorist attack occurs 6. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. Cell Phone Alerts Protecting Students B. Cell Phone Alerts by Wireless Industry C. Cell Phone Alerts of National Disasters D. Cell Phone Alerts ing Soon B It was the summer of 1965. DeLuca, then 17, visited Peter Buck, a family friend. Buck asked DeLuca about his plans for the future. “I’m going to college, but I need a way to pay for it,” DeLuca recalls saying. “Buck said, ‘You should open a sandwich shop.’” That afternoon, they agreed to be partners. And they set a goal: to open 32 stores in ten years. After doing some research, Buck wrote a check for $1000. DeLuca rented a storefront (店面) in Connecticut, and when they couldn’t cover their start-up costs, Buck kicked in another $1000. But business didn’t go smoothly as they expected. DeLuca says, “After six months, we were doing poorly, but we didn’t know how badly, because we didn’t have any financial controls.” All he and Buck knew was that their sales were lower than their costs. DeLuca was managing the store and going to the University of Bridgeport at the same time. Buck was working at his day job as a nuclear physicist in New York. They’d meet Monday evenings and brainstorm ideas for keeping the business running. “We convinced ourselves to open a second store. We figured we could tell the public, ‘We are so successful, we are o