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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit 18 Beauty教案 北師大版選修6 【美文閱讀】　 Fading Beauty 《蒙娜麗莎》是達(dá)芬奇的作品，是美術(shù)史上永恒的經(jīng)典。讀下面的文章，了解更多關(guān)于這幅名作的信息吧！ She is widely seen as proof that good looks can last forever.But，at nearly 500 years of age，time is catching up with the Mona Lisa. The health of the famous picture，painted by Leonardo da Vinci in 1505，is getting worse by the year，according to the Louvre Museum(盧浮宮)where it is housed. “The thin，wooden panel(畫板) on which the Mona Lisa is painted in oil has changed shape since experts checked it two years ago，”the museum said.Visitors have noticed changes but repairing the worlds most famous painting is not easy.Experts are not sure about the materials the Italian artist used and their current chemical state. Nearly 6 million people go to see the Mona Lisa every year，many attracted by the mystery of her smile.“It is very interesting that when youre not looking at her，she seems to be smiling，and then you look at her and she stops，”said Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University.“Its because direct vision(視覺)is excellent at picking up details，but less suited to looking at shadows.Da Vinci painted the smile in shadows.” However，the actual history of the Mona Lisa is just as mysterious as the smile.Da Vinci himself loved it so much that he always carried it with him，until it was eventually sold to Frances King Francis Ⅰ in 1519. In 1911，the painting was stolen from the Louvre by a former employee，who took it out of the museum，hidden under his coat.He said he planned to return it to Italy.The painting was sent back to France two years later.During World War Ⅱ，F(xiàn)rench hid the painting in small towns to keep it out of the hands of German forces. 【誘思導(dǎo)學(xué)】　 1．Why is it not easy to repair the famous painting Mona Lisa? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 2．What attracted millions of visitors to see the Mona Lisa? _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】　1.Because exports are not sure about the using materials and their current chemical state.　2.The mystery of Mona Lisas smile.  Period ⅠPreviewing (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)課標(biāo)解讀 本課時(shí)主要是通過學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)案所給出的內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)，了解本課文中所出現(xiàn)的詞匯，初步了解課文以及相關(guān)的背景知識(shí)，為下一堂課對(duì)課文的全面理解起到一個(gè)鋪墊作用。 ●教學(xué)地位分析 本單元是讓學(xué)生通過探討美的定義，了解每個(gè)人有不同的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，討論人物、文學(xué)作品、音樂和電影以及分享對(duì)詩文作品的欣賞。通過本節(jié)的學(xué)習(xí)，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的對(duì)美的認(rèn)識(shí)和審美能力。此外，上好本堂課會(huì)增進(jìn)學(xué)生和老師之間的融洽關(guān)系。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 用多媒體向?qū)W生展示幾幅古今美人圖片，如歷史上的四大美人和現(xiàn)在的影視明星；或者向?qū)W生介紹幾位感動(dòng)中國十大人物，如“最美女教師”張麗莉；殘疾醫(yī)生周月華等等。有些人貌美如仙，但有些人雖是相貌平平但是在平凡的崗位上默默無聞的做著不平凡的事，體現(xiàn)了心靈美才是真正的美。由此，轉(zhuǎn)到“什么是美”這一話題上。 ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) Ⅰ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容在表格中的空格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~(每空不超過3個(gè)單詞) Beauty is in the eye of the beholder In the past In 1878，Margaret Wolfe stated that there was no 1.________ view on beauty.Standards of beauty change 2.________ and cultural groups. Traditions and fashions change and 3.________ time. In contemp orary society Culture remains a major part in 4.________ our ideas of beauty. With the influence of 5.________，society and 6.________，there are no precise 7.________ with which to 8.________ beauty. Physical beauty must 9.________ something deeper within a person. Conclusion Beauty has more than one 10.________ 【答案】　1.consistent　2.across time　3.adapt with 4．determining　5.history　6.culture　7.criteria 8．judge　9.be acpanied by　10.dimension Ⅱ.語篇理解 1．Why did the women in the 19th century enjoy corsets? A．To keep healthy. B．To show their beautiful body shape. C．To save money. 2．People in different cultures ________． A．have different ideas about slimming beauty B．have the same ideas about slimming beauty C．a(chǎn)ll like the fat body shape 3．If we judge beauty in a limited criteria，________． A．the human race would develop slowly B．the human race would develop quickly C．the human race would end up slowly 4．Which is right according to the text? A．Physical beauty is the most important. B．Physical beauty is not as important as the inner beauty. C．Inner beauty is the most important. 5．What can be used to judge beauty? A．Tradition，fashion and culture. B．Appearance，kindness and warmth. C．Biology and time. 【答案】　1.B　2.A　3.C　4.B　5.A Ⅲ.課文縮寫 inner，criteria，culture，attractive，consistent，quality，die，overweight，fashion，change As Margaret once said in the 19th century，there is no 1.________ view in beauty.Standards and ideas of beauty 2.________ and adapted with time. Nowadays，some customs and actions once regarded as beauty in the 19thcentury Europe is not considered healthy or 3.________，while something now regarded as 4.________ had different functions in the past. In contemporary society，5.________ still determines our ideas of beauty.In some countries，people like being thinner，while in others，people like being a little 6.________．There are no precise 7.________ to judge what beauty is.If beauty was limited by some criteria，the human race would soon 8.________ out. There is physical beauty as well as 9.________ beauty.The latter is found in a wide range of personal 10.________．It is inner beauty that requires us to truly see.Beauty is certainly in the eye of the beholder. 【答案】　1.consistent　2.changed　3.attractive 4．fashion　5.culture　6.overweight　7.criteria 8．die　9.inner　10.qualities Ⅰ.詞義搭配 1．superior　　　　A．stay with sb.as a panion 2．a(chǎn)dore B．lose weight；slender 3．slim C．limits between which sth.varies 4．mitment D．a(chǎn)spect；measurement 5．a(chǎn)cpany E．senior；upper 6．range F．order；control 7．dimension G．love deeply；worship 8．mand H．responsibility；promise 【答案】　1.E　2.G　3.B　4.H　5.A　6.C　7.D　8.F Ⅱ.短語填空 in the eye of，a variety of，be consistent with，in preparation for，be acpanied by，with the influence of，die out，be superior to 1．The wolf ________ in Britain hundreds of years ago. 2．I urge you to do some reading __________ lectures. 3．This candidate ____________ others. 4．His conduct ______________ what he says. 5．Strong winds ________________ heavy rain that night. 6．The new park has ________ things to see and do. 【答案】　1.died out　2.in preparation for　3.is superior to　4.is consistent with　5.were acpanied by　6.a variety of Ⅲ.句型背誦 1．...it_is_reasonable_that our ideas of beauty change as well. ……我們的審美觀點(diǎn)也在改變是理所當(dāng)然的。 2．In other cultures，looking thin for a husbandtobe is not_what_a_woman_desires_at_all—rather，looking a little overweight is considered more attractive. 而在其它文化中，女人根本不想在未來丈夫的眼中顯得苗條——相反，看起來稍微豐滿則被認(rèn)為是更加迷人。 3．Judging the appeal of a persons inner beauty is much_more subjective. 判斷一個(gè)人的內(nèi)在美是否有感染力是很主觀的。 4．It takes _more_than a casual glance to appreciate and it is much_more_important than physical beauty. 它(人的內(nèi)在美)不是隨意一瞥就能欣賞到的，它遠(yuǎn)比外在美重要得多。 5．...it_is inner beauty that requires us to truly see. ……內(nèi)在美才是要求我們真正看到的東西。 Period ⅡWarmup & What Is Beauty? (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)課標(biāo)解讀 (1)熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語。 (2)通過學(xué)案中所給出的重點(diǎn)單詞和短語的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠正確理解和使用這些單詞和短語，能夠運(yùn)用這些詞語造句。 (3)通過對(duì)這些詞匯的理解能夠更深層次的理解課文，并通過課文加深對(duì)這些詞匯的理解，更加熟練的運(yùn)用這些詞匯。 (4)通過對(duì)本課文的理解，讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)用英語寫影視評(píng)論作文，以提高學(xué)生的書面表達(dá)能力。 (5)通過對(duì)語法的教學(xué)讓學(xué)生能夠理解并能夠運(yùn)用這些語法知識(shí)，熟練掌握used to和would的用法。 ●教學(xué)地位分析 單詞和短語是構(gòu)成句子的最小單位，在語言學(xué)習(xí)中起至關(guān)重要的作用，所以理解和正確運(yùn)用英語單詞和短語是英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)所在。另外，讓學(xué)生正確理解和掌握語法知識(shí)是讓學(xué)生學(xué)好英語的關(guān)鍵，所以應(yīng)給學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)語境，讓學(xué)生理解該語法的應(yīng)用，而不要讓學(xué)生死記硬背語法條文，應(yīng)在理解的基礎(chǔ)上去運(yùn)用這些語法。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 As the saying goes, beauty is in the eye of the beholder(情人眼里出西施)．Different people have different views for beauty.Whether in ancient times or in modern times there are many beauties who people adore, only those who have inner beauty are remembered forever.So, what is beauty？What do you think of beauty? (老師讓xxx同學(xué)讀一讀他/她寫的短文)。 ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) 1．leave me breathless(P33)讓我喘不過氣來 leave me breathless是“l(fā)eave＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。 The long climb left Jane feeling breathless. 長時(shí)間的攀登使簡感到喘不過氣來。 leave sb./sth.＋(作賓語補(bǔ)足語) His words left us talking all the day. 他的話使我們談?wù)摿艘徽臁? How careless you are to leave your room unlocked. 沒鎖門你多粗心呀！ You can leave me to deal with the matter. 你可以讓我去處理這事。 【教師備課資源】 leave sb./sth.behind把某人/物拋在后邊，落下，遺忘 leave sth.aside不予考慮，擱置一邊 leave sb.alone不去打擾某人，讓某人獨(dú)自待著 leave sth.alone別碰某物leave for前往 leave off停止leave out遺漏，漏掉，排除 完成句子 ①He left the office，__________________(讓燈亮著)． ②They covered him with a blanket，______________(只露出眼睛)． 【答案】?、賚eaving the lights on?、趏nly leaving his eyes exposed 2．superior(P33) adj.級(jí)別或地位更高的；高傲的；上等的；優(yōu)秀的 n．長者；上級(jí)；優(yōu)勝者 Our football team has many superior qualities，pared with other teams. 我們的足球隊(duì)與其他隊(duì)相比擁有許多優(yōu)勢(shì)。 He echoed every word of his superior. 他隨聲附和他上級(jí)的每一句話。 be superior in 在……方面優(yōu)秀 be superior to 優(yōu)于……；勝過…… superiority n．優(yōu)越，優(yōu)越感 inferior adj.較差的，次的，比不上……的 be inferior to 比……差/次 Of the two books，I think this one is superior to that one.就這兩本書而言，我認(rèn)為這本比那本好。 This engine is superior in many respects to that one. 這臺(tái)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在很多方面比那一臺(tái)要好。 I always felt slightly inferior to her. 我總是感覺比她稍遜一籌。 【提示】　以ior結(jié)尾的形容詞無比較級(jí)，表示比較時(shí)用介詞to，不用than。常見的這類形容詞有： senior，junior，superior，inferior。例如：be senior to...比……年長，比……地位高；be junior to...比……年輕，比……地位低。 完成句子 ①他們的學(xué)生在數(shù)量上超過我們的。 Their students are ________ numbers ________ ours. ②她在中國文學(xué)方面比我強(qiáng)。 Her knowledge of Chinese literature ______________． 【答案】　①superior in；to?、趇s superior to mine 3．pared to 與……相比 How are tattoos seen nowadays as pared to the past？(P34)與過去相比，如今對(duì)紋身是什么看法？ pared with the sun，the moon is much smaller. 和太陽相比，月亮小多了。 pared to the children in the mountainous area，I feel I am so happy. 和山區(qū)的孩子相比，我感覺我已經(jīng)很幸福了。 pared to (with)“與……相比”，在句中作狀語，可位于句首或句尾，介詞to和with可通用。但作“把……和……比較”，“把……比擬為”時(shí)可用with 或to；而用于比較的情形時(shí)，常用with；用于比喻時(shí)常用to。句中as引導(dǎo)省略句即as (they are)，可換成when。 pare...with/to...把……與……相比 pare...to...把……比作…… pare my plan with/to his，and youll see which is better. 把我的計(jì)劃和他的比較一下，你就會(huì)看出哪個(gè)更好了。 The poet pares his lover to a rose. 詩人把他的愛人比作玫瑰花。 【對(duì)接高考】 (xx課標(biāo)全國卷)Film has a much shorter history，especially when ________ such art forms as music and painting. A．having pared to　　　B．paring to C．pare to D．pared to 【解析】　句子的主語是film，它和pare之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)形式，因此只能選擇D項(xiàng)?！皐hen pared to...”相當(dāng)于when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的省略，補(bǔ)全后為：when it is pared to...。句意：電影的歷史短得多，尤其是它與諸如音樂、繪畫等藝術(shù)形式相比較時(shí)。 【答案】　D 完成句子 ①和他的老房子比，她的新房子就像宮殿一樣。 ______________ the old one，her new house is like a palace. ②我們不能把這場戰(zhàn)爭比作那場戰(zhàn)爭。 We cant __________ this war ______ that one. 【答案】?、賞ared with/to?、趐are；to 4．consistent adj.一致的，始終如一的 ...she was stating that there was no consistent view on beauty.(P34)……她寫道，人們對(duì)美沒有一致的觀點(diǎn)。 There are no consistent ways in teaching English in a middle school.在中學(xué)英語教學(xué)中，教無定法。 This report is consistent with what we already know. 這個(gè)報(bào)道與我們所知道的是一致的。 A is consistent with B A和B是一致的，主語和賓語是同類事物 A and B be consistent in... A和B在……是一致的，主語和賓語不是同類事物 The results are entirely consistent with our early research.這些結(jié)果與我們?cè)缙诘难芯客耆呛稀? We must be consistent in applying the rules. 我們?cè)趯?shí)施這些規(guī)則時(shí)必須始終如一。 完成句子 ①他的論點(diǎn)始終如一。 He ____________ his argument. ②他的陳述與事實(shí)不符。 His story ________________ the facts. 【答案】?、賗s consistent in?、趇s not consistent with 5．Traditions and fashions，like society itself，change and adapt with time，so it_is_reasonable_that our ideas of beauty change as well.(P34) 傳統(tǒng)和時(shí)尚如同社會(huì)本身，與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，因此，我們的審美觀點(diǎn)也在改變是理所當(dāng)然的。 句中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。 it常常在下面的句型中作形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的從句：It is reasonable/clear/strange/obvious/true/possible/certain that...常譯為：那是有理由的/清楚的/奇怪的/顯然的/真的/可能的/肯定的/……。 Its true that we dont know what weve got until we lose it，but its also true that we dont know what weve been missing until it arrives. 的確只有當(dāng)我們失去時(shí)才知道曾擁有的是什么，同樣，只有當(dāng)我們擁有了才知道曾經(jīng)失去了什么。 it 常用作形式主語，代替不定式和主語從句。 ①It is＋adj.(hard/important/impossible/proper etc.)to do... ②It is said/reported/believed/suggested/wellknown that... ③It is a pity/fact/wonder/shame/surprise that... It is important for students to study English well. 學(xué)好英語對(duì)學(xué)生來說是很重要的。 It is important that you (should) stop smoking. 你應(yīng)該停止抽煙，這很重要。 完成句子 ①大家很清楚她在撒謊。 __________________ that she was lying. ②據(jù)說他正在國外學(xué)習(xí)。 ____________ he is studying abroad. 【答案】?、買t was obvious to everyone?、贗t is said that 6．influence n．[U]影響；作用[C]有影響的人或事物 v. 影響；對(duì)……起作用 With the influence of history，society and culture，there are no precise criteria which can be used to judge what is beautiful.(P34)受歷史、社會(huì)和文化的影響，沒有精確的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用來判斷什么是美。 The influence of the climate on agricultural production is great.氣候?qū)r(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的影響是巨大的。 Dont let me influence you. 別受我的影響。 have an influence on/over sb./sth.對(duì)……有影響 under the influence of 在……的影響下 influence sb.to do sth.影響某人做某事 The moon has an influence on the tides. 月亮對(duì)海潮有影響。 Under the influence of his father，he bees greatly interested in handwriting. 在他父親的影響下，他對(duì)書法很感興趣。 完成句子 ①她的作品已經(jīng)影響了數(shù)百萬人的生活。 Her writings have ________________________ the lives of millions. ②他們受到一個(gè)奇特教派的影響。 They had e ________________________ a strange religious sect. 【答案】　①had a great influence on?、趗nder the influence of 7．mitment n．責(zé)任；義務(wù)；承諾 Lifelong mitment and，indeed，the survival of society itself rely on people seeing beauty in difference and depth.(P34)人們畢生的責(zé)任，甚至社會(huì)自身的存亡都取決于人們對(duì)美的不同層面和深度的認(rèn)識(shí)。 Im overworked at the moment—Ive taken on too many mitments. 我目前勞累過度——我承擔(dān)了太多的責(zé)任。 He made a mitment to pay ￡100 to charity. 他承擔(dān)了捐贈(zèng)慈善事業(yè)100英鎊的義務(wù)。 make a mitment(to...)(對(duì)……)作出承諾 carry out ones mitment履行承諾 mitment to do sth.承諾做某事 She doesnt want to make a big emotional mitment to Steve.她不想對(duì)史蒂夫在感情上作出重大承諾。 e and look round our shop without mitment to buy something. 請(qǐng)隨時(shí)來我們店轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)，不一定非要買東西。 【教師備課資源】 mit vt.承諾；犯(錯(cuò)誤、罪行等)& vi.忠于，全心全意投入 mit oneself to (doing) sth.承諾(做)某事 mit to sb./sth.全身心地投入…… 【對(duì)接高考】 (2011湖北高考)Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big ________，but now I know it was the best decision I ever made. A．project B．mitment C．petition D．a(chǎn)mbition 【解析】　project工程，項(xiàng)目；mitment(對(duì)工作、活動(dòng)的)獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn)，(資金、時(shí)間、人力的)花費(fèi)、使用；petition競爭；ambition抱負(fù)，野心。 【答案】　B 完成句子 ①He refused to __________________. (做出承諾)． ②We must honour our ________________．(對(duì)他人的承諾)． 【答案】?、賛ake a mitment?、趍itment to others 8．die out(指家族、物種等)死光；滅絕；絕跡；(指習(xí)俗、做法等)消失；過時(shí) The human race would soon die out if we could only see beauty within a set of limited criteria.(P34) 如果我們只能夠用一套有限的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量美，人類不久將滅絕。 The old traditions are dying out.舊傳統(tǒng)正在消失。 With the forest being cut off，more and more rare animals and plants are dying out.隨著森林的被砍伐，越來越多的稀有動(dòng)植物正在瀕臨滅絕。 die off(家庭、種族等)相繼死亡；(草木)先后枯死 die away(聲音、光線、風(fēng)等)漸弱，漸息，平息 die down(火、光線、興奮、暴風(fēng)雨等)漸弱，漸息；(聲音)靜下來 die of指死于疾病、衰老、饑餓、悲傷等 die from指由于外傷、外界原因、粗心、不注意、勞累過度等而死 The breeze has died away.微風(fēng)漸漸止住了。 The fire died down.火慢慢熄了。 As he grew older，his relatives all died off. 隨著他年齡的增長，他的親人都一個(gè)一個(gè)地死去了。 用die相關(guān)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①The wild population of koalas is in danger of ____________． ②Her voice ______________ as she saw the look on the boss face. ③When you saw him，his anger had __________ a bit. ④Winter is ing and the leaves of the tree are __________． 【答案】?、賒ying out　②died away?、踕ied down ④dying off 9．a(chǎn)cpany vt.伴隨；陪伴；為……伴奏；附有；帶有；配有 Physical beauty must also be acpanied by an attraction to something deeper within a person.(P34) 外在美也一定要有一個(gè)人的內(nèi)在魅力來伴隨。 I must ask you to acpany me to the police station. 我得要求你陪我去一趟警察局。 We need a piano to acpany our singing in the concert.音樂會(huì)上我們需要一架鋼琴給我們的演唱伴奏。 acpany sb.to...陪同某人到…… acpany sth.by sth.……伴隨某事發(fā)生 be acpanied by sb.在某人的陪同下 acpany sb.at/on sth.用……給某人伴奏 【教師備課資源】 pany n．陪伴；公司；商號(hào) in pany with sb./sth.與某人一起；與某事同時(shí)發(fā)生 keep sbpany 陪伴某人 完成句子 ①學(xué)生們由老師們陪伴著去了劇院。 The pupils ______________ the teachers ______ the theatre. ②媽媽要我陪她去超市。 Mom asked me to __________ the supermarket. 【答案】?、賥ere acpanied by；to?、赼cpany her to 10．range n．變化范圍；等級(jí)；類別；射程 v．(在一定的范圍內(nèi))變化，變動(dòng) This particular kind of attraction is found in a wide range of personal qualities...(P34) 這種特殊的魅力存在于不同的人格個(gè)性特征中…… The annual range of temperature is from －10℃ to 40℃. 全年的溫度在－10 ℃至40 ℃之間。 The temperature ranges between 30 and 40 degrees centigrade.溫度在攝氏三十度與四十度之間。 within range of...在……范圍之內(nèi) range over 范圍，涉及到 range from...to...在……和……之間變化 range between...and...在……和……之間 range in age/size 年齡/尺寸的范圍在 His lectures ranged widely over a variety of topics. 他的講座廣泛涉及了各種話題。 The population of these cities ranges between million 3 and 5 million inhabitants. 這些城市的人口在300萬到500萬之間。 【對(duì)接高考】　 (xx湖北高考)This restaurant has bee popular for its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. A．division B．a(chǎn)rea C．range D．circle 【解析】　句意：這家餐館受人喜愛是由于它做的各種各樣的食物適應(yīng)各種類型的人群。a range of強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)系列，而a wide range of 意為各種各樣的。 【答案】　C 完成句子 ①有60名學(xué)生，年齡在10至15歲之間。 There were 60 students whose ages ____________ 10 ______ 15. ②這些鞋的價(jià)格從25美元至100美元不等。 These shoes __________ price from $25 to $100. 【答案】?、賠anged from；to　②range in 11．more than 不僅僅；不只是 It takes more than a casual glance to appreciate and it is much more important than physical beauty.(P34) 內(nèi)在的美并不僅僅是隨便地看一眼就能欣賞的，它比外在的美更重要。 more than＋數(shù)詞 超過…… more than＋形容詞/動(dòng)詞 非?！? more than＋從句 超出(某人的力量、知識(shí)等)范圍 His report lasted more than three hours. 他的報(bào)告持續(xù)了三個(gè)多小時(shí)。 What he did more than surprised me. 他做的事使我非常吃驚。 The beauty of our city is more than I can describe. 我難以用言語描繪我們城市的美。 【教師備課資源】 “than”短語面面觀： other than除了 less than少于 rather than而不是 no less than不少于 no more than僅僅，只不過 not more than 不超過…… 說出下列句子中more than的漢語意思 ①Dont tell them any more_than they need to know.________ ②China Daily is more_than a newspaper.It helps us to improve our English.________ ③There are more_than 5，000 students in my school.________ ④I am more_than happy to receive your letter.________ 【答案】?、俪觥秶、诓粌H僅是?、鄢^；多于 ④非常 12．mand n．& v．命令，指揮 He used to be a general in mand of the army，but now he is a doorkeeper.(P35) 他過去是統(tǒng)領(lǐng)軍隊(duì)的將軍，但現(xiàn)在他是門衛(wèi)。 His mands were quickly obeyed. 他的命令很快就得到了執(zhí)行。 He can mand great sums of money. 他可以支配大筆的款項(xiàng)。 He manded his men to retreat. 他命令手下的人撤退了。 in/under (the) mand of 由……指揮；由……統(tǒng)帥 at ones mand 任由某人支配；愿服從某人指揮 have/take mand of 指揮 have a good mand of 精通；對(duì)……運(yùn)用自如 mand sb.to do 命令某人做某事 mand thatclause 命令……(從句中用虛擬語氣) She has a good mand of spoken English. 她的英語口語很熟練。 I mand you to start at once.我命令你立即動(dòng)身。 ①我聽從您的吩咐——您要我做什么？ Im ____________ —what would you like me to do? ②有1 200人歸他指揮。 He has ____________ 1，200 men. ③委員會(huì)命令他們停建那棟大樓。 The mittee ____________ stop constructing that building. 【答案】?、賏t your mand?、趍and of　③manded them to/manded that they(should) 　 觀察從Reading中選取的句子，體會(huì)would與used to的用法。 ①In 19thcentury Europe，women used to wear corsets to achieve a body shape that is no longer considered healthy. ②Men would wear woollen shawls across their shoulders. [自我總結(jié)] 1．would與used to都可用來表示__________或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常常可換用。 2．would 與used to都不能用來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的______頻度或與______的一段時(shí)間連用。 【答案】　1.過去經(jīng)常性　2.具體；具體 would與used to 1．would的用法 would意為“總是、往往、總要、慣于、就會(huì)”，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，通常表示過去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。would通常用于以下兩種句型： 【句型1】　sb.＋would＋動(dòng)詞原形＋…… 這是would的肯定句，意為“某人就會(huì)(總要、總是)做……” He would sometimes work into the night. 以前他有時(shí)工作到深夜。 【句型2】　sb.＋wouldnt＋動(dòng)詞原形＋…… 這是would的否定句，表示拒絕、無此習(xí)慣或不可能，意為“不肯”。 He wouldnt give the names of his partners. 他不肯講出他同伴們的名字。 2．used to 的用法 used to意為“過去常常”，其中to是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束，只能用于一般過去時(shí)，含有較強(qiáng)的“今昔對(duì)比”的意味。used to構(gòu)成否定式和疑問式時(shí)通常有兩種方式：即借助助動(dòng)詞did或直接將used用作助動(dòng)詞。 He usednt (didnt use) to e.他過去不常來。 You used to go there，usednt (didnt) you? 你過去常到那兒去，是嗎？ used to通常用于以下三種句型： 【句型1】　sb.＋used to＋動(dòng)詞原形＋... 這是used to的肯定句，意為“某人過去常常做……”，只用于一般過去時(shí)。 She used to be a Chinese teacher. 她過去是一名語文老師。 【句型2】　Did＋sb.＋use to＋動(dòng)詞原形＋...? 這是used to的一般疑問句，意為“某人過去做……嗎？” Did they use to play football？他們過去踢足球嗎？ 【句型3】　sb.＋didnt＋use to＋動(dòng)詞原形＋... 這是used to的否定句，意為“某人過去不做……”。 I didnt use to like opera，but now I do. 我過去不喜歡歌劇，但現(xiàn)在喜歡了。 3．would與used to在用法上的異同 (1)would 與used to都可用來表示過去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常?？梢該Q用。 When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer.小時(shí)候，每到夏天我們都要去游泳。 He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books.過去，他通常把掙來的錢全花在買書上。 (2)would與used to都不能用來表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的具體頻度或具體的一段時(shí)間。例如，不能說： I would/used to