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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookI Unit2教學(xué)案 人教大綱版 理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋 1municate 講:v. 告知；交流；溝通；傳達(dá)；傳遞；傳染；傳播（疾?。? munication n. 傳達(dá)；交流；通訊；聯(lián)絡(luò)；信息 例：Through the Internet ,we can municate directly with the United Nations. 通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們可以直接與聯(lián)合國聯(lián)系。 Time devours all things.時間吞噬萬物。 He was eager to municate his idea to the group. 他急于把他的想法傳達(dá)給小組。 The disease is municated through dirty drinking water. 這種疾病通過不干凈的飲用水傳播。 Radio and television are important means of munication. 收音機(jī)和電視是信息交流的重要工具。 練：It’s no use trying to solve problems ______________.They wouldn’t listen to any suggestions. A. by the way of war B. by force C. by munication D. by means 提示:way之前用介詞in表示“用……方法”，排除A項(xiàng)；如果選用B項(xiàng)，句意與后一句不一致；故選C。 答案:C 2pare 講：v.比較；相比 例：Those present at the meeting pared the industry development in both countries. 與會者對兩個國家的工業(yè)發(fā)展作了比較。 It is interesting to pare their situation and ours. 把他們的狀況和我們的相比很有意思。 鏈接拓展 (1)pare A with B 把A與B相比較。指同類事物的具體比較。 pare John’s answer with Henry s ,which is better? 把約翰和亨利兩人的答案比較一下，哪個更好？ (2)pare A to B 把A比作B。含有比喻意味。 Shakespeare pared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把世界比作一個舞臺。 (3)pared to/with 與……比起來。常用作狀語，可位于句首或句末。 pared to/with many people ,she was indeed lucky. 和許多人比起來，她是幸運(yùn)的。 (4)pare with/to sb ./sth .與……類似（或相似） This school pares with the best in the country. =This school is as good as the best in the country. 這所學(xué)?？膳c全國最好的學(xué)校媲美。 練：(1)（xx湖北模擬）______________ with the size of the whole earth ,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. A. pare B. When paring C. paring D. When pared 提示:本題考查分詞的用法。句子主語ocean與pare之間存在被動關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞。When pared=When the biggest ocean is pared with...。 答案:D (2)In his novels ,he often pared one’s life ______________ a river. A. by B. with C. for D. to 提示:句意為:在他的小說中，他常把生命比作河流。pare...to...把……比作……。 答案:D 3.end 講:v.& n.結(jié)束 例：When will the meeting end ? 會議什么時間結(jié)束？ He ended his speech with “Happy New Year” to everybody. 他在演講結(jié)束時祝大家新年快樂。 鏈接拓展 end構(gòu)成的短語: (1)end in以……的結(jié)果 (2)end(up)with以……而結(jié)束 (3)at the end of在……的盡頭 (4)by the end of到……為止 (5)in the end最后 (6)without end無盡的；無限的 (7)put an end to結(jié)束/終止 (8)e to an end告終；完結(jié) (9)make(both)ends meet使收支相抵 練：You’ll ______________ in hospital if you drive so fast. A. die up B. end up C. turn up D. give up 提示:end up表示“終了、結(jié)束”。 答案:B 短語 1e about 講：該短語意為“（某事）發(fā)生”。 例：Do you know how the phrase came about? 你知道這個成語是怎樣產(chǎn)生的嗎？ How did it e about that you didn’t report this to us in good time? 你怎么沒及時向我們報告？ 鏈接提示 表示“發(fā)生”的詞(組)還有: happen ,take place ,break out ,occur。這些詞(組)均不能用人作主語，均無被動語態(tài)。 練：I really don’t know how ______________. A. was the difference e about B. the difference was e about C. did the difference e about D. the difference came about 提示:由于賓語從句中必須使用陳述語序，首先排除A、C項(xiàng)；由于e about不能用于被動語態(tài)，故選D。 答案:D 2.more or less 講:該短語意為“大約；差不多；幾乎”。 例：That table is more or less two meters long. 那張桌子大約兩米長。 I’ve more or less finished the book. 我差不多已經(jīng)讀完這本書了。 She could earn $200 a day ,more or less. 她一天大約能掙200美元。 鏈接提示　　 more or less是一個固定結(jié)構(gòu)，or不可換成and。more or less可以修飾數(shù)詞，意為“大約”；還可修飾動詞、分詞、形容詞，意為“或多或少，差不多，幾乎”。通常放在系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，或放在動詞之前，也可置于句末。 練：If you ______________ finished ,I’ll start clearing up. A. more or less have B. more and less have C. have more and less D. have more or less 提示:全句意思為:如果你差不多吃完了，我就開始收拾了。 答案:D 3.bring in 講：該短語意為“吸引；引入；請……做；讓……參加；提出（新法案）；賺得；掙”。 例：Experts were brought in to advise the government. 政府請來專家出謀劃策。 They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports. 他們想提出一項(xiàng)限制武器出口的議案。 How much does she bring in now? 她現(xiàn)在掙多少錢？ 鏈接拓展 (1)bring about導(dǎo)致；引起 What brought about the change in his attitude? 是什么使他改變了主意？ (2)bring back把……送回；歸還；使回憶起；恢復(fù)；重新使用 The photographs brought back many of pleasant memories. 照片給人帶來很多美好的回憶。 Most people are against bringing back death penalty. 大多數(shù)人反對恢復(fù)死刑。 (3)bring down打垮；擊?。唤档?；減少；（飛機(jī)）著陸；擊落 We aim to bring down prices on all our puters. 我們打算降低我們所有計算機(jī)的價格。 Twelve enemy fighters had been brought down. 有十二架敵方的戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)被擊落。 (4)bring up撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；提起；提出 He was brought up by his grandparents in the countryside. 他是被鄉(xiāng)下的爺爺奶奶帶大的。 練：(1)Restaurants in this city not only provide job opportunities but ______________ lots of taxes as well. A. bring in B. bring about C. result in D. result from 提示:句意為:這個城市的飯店不但提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會，還帶來很多稅收。bring in吸引；引入；bring about導(dǎo)致；引起；result in導(dǎo)致；造成；result from是……的結(jié)果；由……造成。 答案:A (2)The Internet has brought ______________ big changes in the way we work. A. about B. out C. back D. up 提示:本題考查動詞短語的區(qū)別。bring about導(dǎo)致，引起；bring out說明，闡明，出版；bring back把……送回，歸還，使回憶起，恢復(fù)，重新使用；bring up撫養(yǎng)，培養(yǎng)，提起，提出。bring about符合句意，故選A。全句意思為:因特網(wǎng)給我們工作的方式帶來了很大的變化。 答案:A 4.more and more 講:該短語意為“越來越…… 例：More and more people are using the Internet. 越來越多的人在使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。 She is being more and more interested in going into politics. 她對從政越來越感興趣了。 We’re walking more and more slowly. 我們越走越慢了。 鏈接拓展 “the＋比較級...,the＋比較級...”相當(dāng)于漢語的“越……，（就）越……”。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩個變化按比例同時遞增或遞減。前一個“the＋比較級……”結(jié)構(gòu)為從屬分句，后一個“the＋比較級……”結(jié)構(gòu)為主句。主句為一般將來時態(tài)時，從句(前一個“the＋比較級...”結(jié)構(gòu))要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 The more you read ,the more you’ll get. 你讀的越多，就收獲越大。 The more difficult the problem is ,the more interested he bees. 題越難，他越感興趣。 練：(1) ______________ people in China prefer to choose a cheap wireless phone service known as “Little Smart”. A. More than B. More and more C. Many and many 　  D. More and many 提示:“比較級＋and＋比較級”可以用來表示持續(xù)不斷的變化。 答案:B (2) ______________ you use English , ______________ mistakes you’ll make while using it .Then you’ll be confident in using it. A. The more；the less B. The more；the fewer C. The more；the more D. More；fewer 提示:在the more...,the more...結(jié)構(gòu)中，the不可省略；mistakes是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，可以用more或fewer修飾，不可用less修飾；C項(xiàng)在意思上與后文不一致。 答案:B 5.at all 講：該短語意為“到底；真的；竟然”。 at all 可用于肯定句及疑問句，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用，常帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩，可譯作“到底、真的、竟然”等。 例：Did you sleep at all on the plane? 你在飛機(jī)上真的沒睡覺？ Do it well if you do it at all. 要做就要做好。 鏈接拓展 not at all可以用在否定句中，意思是“根本不、一點(diǎn)也不”；也可單獨(dú)使用，特別是在答語中，意思是“一點(diǎn)也不、沒關(guān)系、不用謝”。 He was not tired at all.他一點(diǎn)也不累。 I didn’t agree at all. 我根本就沒同意。 —Thank you very much for your help. 多謝你幫忙。 —Not at all ,it was a pleasure. 別客氣，不用謝。 練：—How much are these bananas ______________? —Five yuan. —Oh ,it’s not expensive ______________ . A. at all；at all B. all；in all C .in all；at all　　 D .at all；in all 提示:in all意為“總計、總共”；at all意為:①(用于否定句)全然、完全、根本、絲毫。②(用于疑問句)究竟、到底。③(用于條件狀語從句)既然、果真。 答案:C 句型 1.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型及其各種結(jié)構(gòu) 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom? 喬在浴室里找不到的是什么？ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)如下: (1)基本結(jié)構(gòu):It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其余部分 (2)被強(qiáng)調(diào)句子是一般疑問句時，強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):“Is/Was it ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分(用陳述語序)？” (3)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是特殊疑問詞時，強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):“疑問詞＋is/was ＋that＋其他部分（陳述語序）？” (4)強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞時，強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu):“引導(dǎo)詞＋it is/was＋that＋從句其他部分”。 (5)對not...until結(jié)構(gòu)中until部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，not需要放在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分，句式為:“It is/was not until...that＋主句部分（用肯定形式）”。 例：It was we that/who had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午是我們在會議室開的會。 Was it in the meeting room that you held the meeting yesterday afternoon? 你們昨天是在會議室開的會嗎？ Where was it that you held the meeting? 你們是在哪里開的會？ He asked where it was that you held the meeting. 他問你們是在哪里開的會。 It was not until you told me that I knew what he said at the meeting. 直到你告訴我，我才知道他在會上講了什么。 鏈接提示 (1)做強(qiáng)調(diào)句型選擇題時，要區(qū)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和定語從句的區(qū)別:一般來說，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型可以還原成一個陳述句；而定語從句不能直接還原。 (2)近幾年經(jīng)常采取強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問詞或名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞等測試形式。 練：（xx北京西城目標(biāo)檢測）—Was it what he said or something that he did ______________ made you cry so sadly ,Sarah? —No ,not really. A. which B. that C. when D. what 提示:that引導(dǎo)的是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是what he said or something that he did。 答案:B 2.with＋名詞或代詞＋賓語補(bǔ)足語 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: With so many people municating in English every day ,it will bee more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 有那么多的人每天用英語交流，精通英語將會變得越來越重要。 “with＋名詞或代詞＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”稱作“with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”。該結(jié)構(gòu)常用作伴隨狀語，也可用作定語。該結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞、動詞不定式或介詞短語。 例：She likes to sleep with the window open. 她喜歡開著窗戶睡覺。 With everything done ,we went home. 把所有的事做完以后我們就回家了。 Don’t stand with your hands in your pockets. 站著的時候別把雙手插在口袋里。 鏈接提示　　 在with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中用-ing形式，不定式和過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別: (1)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示動作正在進(jìn)行，而且和賓語之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。 He lay there ,with his eyes looking at the ceiling. 他躺在那兒眼睛盯著天花板。 (2)動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)表示動作暫時沒有發(fā)生，有將來的含義，其動作一般發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作之后。 With so much homework to do ,he had to stay at home. 有許多的作業(yè)要做，他不得不留在家里。 (3)過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示動作已經(jīng)完成，而且和賓語是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。 He lay there with his eyes fixed upon the ceiling. 他躺在那兒眼睛盯著天花板。 With all his homework done ,Tom went out to play football. 把所有的家庭作業(yè)都做完之后，湯姆出去踢球去了。 練：（1）（xx江蘇南通九校聯(lián)考）______________ the problem of land erosion getting more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it. A. As B. With C. When D. If 提示:as是介詞，意為“隨著……”；as也有此意，但as是連詞，后須接句子。C、D兩項(xiàng)不合題意。 答案:B (2)（xx福建模擬）It was a pity that the great writer died ______________ his works unfinished. A. for B. with C. from D. of 提示:句意為:這個大作家沒能完成他的著作就去世了，真是太遺憾了。with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作伴隨狀語。 答案:B (3)With so many books ______________ I couldn’t go to surf the Internet. A. read B. reading C. to read　 D. being read提示:句意為:由于有許多書要讀，我不能夠去上網(wǎng)。讀書這個動作還沒發(fā)生，故選C。 答案:C 辨析 1.besides,except,except for 和except that besides意為“除……之外，尚有……或外加……”。 except將一個或幾個人或物從同一類或普通的種類中除外，意為“除……之外”，指“不包括……”。其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或wh-從句。 except for說明整個基本情況后，對細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正，后接名詞。 except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必須接句子。它用來表示理由或細(xì)節(jié)，修正前面所說的情況。 即時練習(xí): (1)We all succeeded ______________ Tom ,so he is also glad. (2)We all succeeded Tom ,so he is very sad. (3)He is a good man ,hot temper. (4)Your article is quite good there are several spelling mistakes. (5)Your article is quite good several spelling mistakes. 答案:(1)besides　(2)except　(3)except for (4)except that　(5)except for 2.a number of ,the number of a number of只能用作定語，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，意為“許多；若干”(=many)。number前可用large ,small等修飾詞。當(dāng)它修飾主語時，謂語動詞與它修飾的主語一致。 the number of 的意思是“……的數(shù)量；號碼”。當(dāng)它與后面的名詞連用時，中心詞是the number。如果用作主語，即使后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語也要用單數(shù)。 即時練習(xí): (1) ______________ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year. (2)We have lived here for ______________ years. (3) ______________ jobless people grows in the country at present. (4) ______________ students are playing football on the playground. (5) ______________ students in our class is over 70. 答案:(1)The number of　(2)a number of　(3)The number of　(4)A number of　(5)The number of 誘思:實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥 【例1】（xx北京模擬）I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ______________ . A. going on　B. goes on C. went on　 D. to go on 提示:本題考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。依據(jù)該結(jié)構(gòu)的使用規(guī)則，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。從句意判斷，本句表示的是說話時的情況，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞。故選A。 答案:A 講評:with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中既可以使用現(xiàn)在分詞，也可以使用動詞不定式或過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。解題時要依據(jù)它們所表示的被動或主動以及現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭幼鬟x擇答案。 【例2】（xx江西模擬）Please tell me how the accident ______________.I am still in the dark. A. came by B. came upon C. came to D. came about 提示:e by(為看望某人)作短暫拜訪，設(shè)法得到(或獲得)；e upon偶然遇見，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)；e to合計，共計，總共；e about發(fā)生。 答案:D 講評:解考查動詞短語的選擇題時，理解題意并明確各個短語的意思是解題的關(guān)鍵。 【例3】（xx山東模擬）—______________ that he managed to get the information? —Oh ,a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it　 B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 提示:根據(jù)答語Oh ,a friend of his helped him判斷，此題應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)。此題為強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“特殊疑問詞＋is/was it＋that...?”。 答案:C 講評:解本題時，首先應(yīng)該從強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)入手，然后注意特殊疑問詞的選擇，答語中的a friend of his helped him是選擇疑問詞的關(guān)鍵。