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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) BookI Unit22教學(xué)案 人教大綱版 理解:要點(diǎn)詮釋 單詞 1.prevent 講: v. 妨礙；阻礙；防止；預(yù)防 例：We should do our best to prevent accidents. 我們應(yīng)該盡力防止事故發(fā)生。 However,some psychologists warn that too much study can prevent a child from developing normally. 然而心理學(xué)家警告說(shuō)學(xué)生負(fù)擔(dān)太重會(huì)阻止孩子正常發(fā)育。 Her sudden arrival prevented him(from)going out. 她突然來(lái)到使他不能外出。 鏈接提示 prevent sb. (from)doing=stop sb. (from)doing=keep sb. from doing 阻止某人做某事 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，使用stop或prevent時(shí)，可省略from，用keep時(shí)不可省略from，因?yàn)閗eep...doing的意思為“某人一直做”；在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中都不可省略from。 練：—What _______ you to e to the party? —An unexpected accident _______ me going. A.prevented;forbad B.protected;forbad C.forbad;prevented D.stopped;kept 提示:該題考查動(dòng)詞搭配及意義的辨析。forbid sb. to do禁止某人做某事；prevent sb. (from)doing防止、妨礙某人做某事；stop sb. (from)doing讓某人停止做某事；keep sb. from doing不讓某人做某事；protect sb. from+n.保護(hù)某人躲開(kāi)某物。 答案:C 2.divide 講: v. 分；劃分；分開(kāi)；隔開(kāi) 例：How should we divide our work? 我們?cè)鯓臃止ぃ? The Red Sea divides Africa from Asia. 紅海把非洲和亞洲分開(kāi)。 Let’s divide ourselves into several groups. 咱們分成幾個(gè)小組。 鏈接提示 (1)divide...into...把……分成…… (2)divide sth.between/among sb.(在……之間)分配；分享；分擔(dān) (3)divide by用……除(盡)；因……分裂 (4)divide and rule分而治之 練：(1)He _______ his time between reading and writing. A.divides B.joins C.separates D.devotes 提示:從句意和結(jié)構(gòu)看，應(yīng)該使用divide，divide sth.between A and B把(時(shí)間、精力等)分別用于……。 答案:A (2)He divided the tools _______ the children,who were _______ three groups. A.between;separated from B.among;divided into C.in;divided into D.among;separated from 提示:divide among/between在……之間分；divide...into...把……分成……。 答案:B 3.risk 講: v.冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(或危險(xiǎn)) n. 危險(xiǎn)；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；危險(xiǎn)人物 例：He risked his life to save her. 他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去救她。 If you put money into gambling or horseraces,you risk losing it. 如果你把錢投到賭博或賽馬里，你就有輸?shù)舻奈ｋU(xiǎn)。 When you buy land,you take the risk that it will lose value. 你買地時(shí)，就承擔(dān)了土地貶值的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 Smoking can increase the risk of developing heart disease. 吸煙會(huì)增加得心臟病的危險(xiǎn)。 鏈接提示 (1)at risk(from/of sth.)有危險(xiǎn)；冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn) (2)at the risk of doing sth.冒著……風(fēng)險(xiǎn) (3)at risk to yourself/sb./sth.冒傷及……的危險(xiǎn) (4)run/take the risk of doing sth.冒……的危險(xiǎn)；冒險(xiǎn)做某事 練：The young man was brave enough to risk________ into______ prison by the enemy. A.putting;the B.to put;/ C.putting;a D.being put;/ 提示:risk后只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不可接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，排除B項(xiàng)；主語(yǔ)the young man與put之間有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選D。本題也可以從動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)put sb.into prison入手。 答案:D 短語(yǔ) 1.take turns 講:該短語(yǔ)的義項(xiàng)為“輪流”。 例：Mary and Helen took turns at sitting up with their sick mother. 瑪麗和海倫輪流熬夜陪伴他們生病的母親。 We took turns at driving the car. 我們輪流開(kāi)車。 鏈接拓展 (1)by turns 輪流=take turns at doing sth. She went hot and cold by turns. 她一會(huì)冷一會(huì)熱。 (2)It’s one’s turn to do sth.輪到某人做某事 It’s my turn to drive next. 下回該輪到我開(kāi)車了。 (3)in turn(s)輪流；依次；按順序 They sang on the stage in turn. 他們輪流在舞臺(tái)上唱歌。 (4)on the turn在轉(zhuǎn)變 Their opinions are on the turn. 他們的看法開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)變。 (5)out of turn不按順序；次序混亂 Please don’t speak out of turn. 請(qǐng)按順序講話。 (6)serve one’s turn適合自己的需要 I think this book will serve my turn. 我認(rèn)為這本書會(huì)適合我的需要。 練：You’ve missed your ______ to speak and you have to wait for another turn. A.turn B.chance C.order D.opportunity 提示:從后面一句話所提供的another turn“另一輪次”分析，此處應(yīng)該使用turn。 答案:A 2.cut off 講：該短語(yǔ)的義項(xiàng)有“砍下來(lái)；切斷；阻礙；阻擋；堵塞”。 例：The new factory cut off our view of the hills. 新建的工廠擋住了我們觀山景的視線。 The army was cut off from its base. 那支部隊(duì)與基地失去了聯(lián)系。 練：He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he was ______ from the outside world. A.cut out B.cut off C.cut up D.cut through 提示:本題考查根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選用cut短語(yǔ)的能力。解題時(shí)應(yīng)首先弄清各短語(yǔ)的含義，然后根據(jù)語(yǔ)境作出選擇。cut out剪下，刪去；cut off砍下來(lái)，切斷，斷絕；cut up切碎，摧毀；cut through抄近路，裁剪。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選B項(xiàng)。全句意思為“他住了六個(gè)月的醫(yī)院，他感到好像與外界隔絕了”。 答案:B 句型 “問(wèn)路及應(yīng)答”的交際用語(yǔ) 講：注意觀察下面教材原句: —Excuse me,can you tell me where the roller coaster is? —Go straight down this road,and then turn left. 鏈接提示 問(wèn)路: (1)Excuse me.Can you tell me the way to...? Excuse me.Which road goes to/leads to...? Excuse me.Does this road lead to...,please? Excuse me.Where can I find...,please? Excuse me.Am I going in the right direction? 應(yīng)答: (2)Go down this street/road and turn right/left at... Go straight ahead and... It’s south/north of the... It’s in that direction. It’s just across the street. It’s about...minutes’/hours’ walk. 練：—Excuse me,can you tell me how to get to the airport? —______. A.Certainly,you can take a No.3 bus B.No,I don’t know how C.Yes,you could go by bus D.Along this road 提示:先回答能不能幫忙，再告訴對(duì)方怎么走。C、D項(xiàng)不是地道的交際英語(yǔ)。 答案:A 辨析 1.feel like,would like (1)feel like中的like是介詞，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。該結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)提出意愿或希望，意思是“想要(做某事);愿意”。 (2)would like中的like是動(dòng)詞，后接名詞、不定式或不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)I ______ not ______ to go for a walk with you.I ________ staying at home reading this novel. (2)I ______ you to help my brother with his English. (3)Do you ______ having something to eat? (4)— ______you ______ to join us in the travel? —Yes,I ______ to. 答案:(1)would,like;feel like (2)would like (3)feel like (4)Would;like;would like 2.divide,separate divide vi.&vt.分開(kāi)；分成……份 常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ):divide...into...把……分成幾份；divide up分開(kāi)。 separate v.分離；分手；隔開(kāi) 常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ):separate...from...把……和……分開(kāi)。 adj.分開(kāi)的；各自的。 即時(shí)練習(xí): (1)He ______ the apple in half. (2)He ______ the profits with his partners. (3)She ______ her spare time between reading books and walking. (4)We talked until midnight and then ______. (5)As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends. (6)England is ______ from France by the Channel. (7)He decided to ______ the large house into flats. 答案:(1)divided (2)divided (3)divided (4)separated (5)separated (6)separated (7)divide 誘思:實(shí)例點(diǎn)撥 【例1】 (xx上海模擬) He got well-prepared for the job interview,for he couldn’t risk _____ the good opportunity. A.to lose B.losing C.to be lost D.being lost 提示:risk后不能接動(dòng)詞不定式，只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，he與lose之間有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式。故選B。 答案:B 講評(píng):有些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，有些動(dòng)詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，有些動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞意思不同，在平時(shí)要準(zhǔn)確記憶。 【例2】 (xx全國(guó)模擬Ⅱ) —Would you like some more tea? —______,please. A.No mor B.Just a little C.I’ve had enough D.Yes,I would 提示:本題考查交際用語(yǔ)。由please可知，答話人接受了對(duì)方的提議，所以要作出肯定的回答。 答案:B 講評(píng):交際用語(yǔ)一定要符合語(yǔ)境，一定要使用地道的英語(yǔ)，避免使用漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ)。