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2019年高考英語一輪總復習 第一部分 重點全程攻略 Unit 2 The United Kingdom限時規(guī)范特訓 新人教版必修5 Ⅰ.閱讀理解(建議用時16′) [xx山東泰安模擬]Death rates for heart disease in Britain have dropped by more than 40 percent in a decade， UK scientists will report today. Wide uptake of cholesterol－busting statin drugs(降膽固醇藥), healthier lifestyles and better medical practices have seen a huge reduction in deaths caused by heart attacks, stroke and other cardiovascular(心血管的) problems. However, heart disease remains Britains biggest killer. The new study, by experts at Oxford University, shows there has been a 44.4 percent drop in death rates among men in the UK and a 43.6 percent drop among women linked to heart problems in the ten years to xx. The team pared death rate associated with cardiovascular disease across Europe. They found that Britain has one of the best records in Europe, with 342 deaths as a result of heart disease per 100,000 men in xx, and 232 per 100,000 women. Some nations—including Ukraine, Macedonia and Moldova—see more than 1,000 heart deaths per 100,000 of the population. Overall， heart disease causes 45 percent of all deaths across Europe, but only 27 percent in the UK. The study, led by Dr Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age. But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s. Dr Townsend said, “Cardiovascular disease results in 49 percent of deaths among women and 41 percent among men.” 篇章導讀：本文是一篇科普類閱讀文，文中講述英國的心臟病死亡率在近十年來下降了百分之四十多，但心臟病仍然是英國國民健康的最大殺手。 1．From the text we can know ________. A．heart disease no longer threatens the British B．the heart death rate among British men is lower than among women C．the old mainly dies of stroke in Europe D．the heart death rate in Ukraine is higher than that in Britain 答案：D 推理判斷題。由第五段第二句可知，英國男人在xx年因心臟疾病致死的死亡率是十萬分之342，女人的死亡率是十萬分之232。由第六段可知，烏克蘭的死亡率是十萬分之一千多。故選D項。 2．What does the word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Stroke. B．Cardiovascular disease. C．Lung disease. D．Heart attacks. 答案：B 詞義猜測題。由倒數第二段“The study, led by Dr Nick Townsend, showed that cardiovascular disease is mainly a disease of old age.”可知，研究表明，心血管病是種老年病。再根據最后一段中的“But researchers said that across Europe it still causes more than 1.4 million deaths in those aged under 75 and nearly 700,000 deaths in under 65s.”可知，it指的就是心血管疾病。故選B項。 3．How does the author support his idea? A．By analyzing data. B．By following processes. C．By describing his own experiences. D．By discussing research experiments. 答案：A 推理判斷題。根據第四段中可知，該研究結果及作者的觀點都是通過分析數據得出的。故選A項。 　 1．rate n. 率；比率 2.decade n. 十年 3．overall adv. 全部地；總體來說 4．mainly adv. 主要地；首要地 5．aged adj. ……歲的；年老的 1．be associated with 與……有關/有聯系 2．result in 導致 B If theres one thing the British are good at, its watching telly. You may think the Americans would beat us at that, but weve taken and turned it into an art form. Like most people, our favorite TV subject is ourselves, which has led to a number of shows aiming to be as British as possible. So if you want to learn how to be British, sit down to a few episodes of these distinctly British shows. DOCTOR WHO Political aside, Doctor Who owes its long television life not only to a brilliant central character, terrifying alien foes and intelligent scriptwriting, but also to a distinctly British way of doing things. If the Earth is the Doctors favorite planet, its clear that Britain is his favorite country. SHERLOCK The global popularity of the modernized Sherlock Holmes series has proven yet again that no amount of big blockbuster allgunsblazing cop shows can pete with the reserved and sharp detective work of one of Britains most wellloved characters. Benedict Cumberbatch has been rightly lauded for his depiction of the fastthinking private eye, which has proven again we British are good at more than drinking tea. BLACKADDER Similar to the Pythons, the brilliance of Blackadder is set in its genius application of witty and classically British humor. From the dulcet tones of lead man Rowan Atkinson to the clumsy sidekick Tony Robinson, theres no better show for telling what makes the British British and having a good laugh at it, including an entire season of pointing fun at the French, one of the most British activities. FRIENDS I know what youre thinking—Friends is an American show, about Americans living in America! How can it be distinctly British? But perhaps youre not aware that, apart from Season 1, Friends is written entirely by British writers, and if you watch the first season in parison to the others, the difference really shows. British sense of humor cant be replicated artificially. Its a fine art by a natural hand. As an English student, I figure—Friends is, and although they speak in American accents, a British! 篇章導讀：本文通過介紹英國四部十分受歡迎的電視劇來分析真正的英國人的國民性格。 4．If you hunger to laugh, ________ is the best choice. A．Sherlock B．Blackadder C．Friends D．Doctor Who 答案：B　細節(jié)理解題。根據文章BLACKADDER標題下的“...classically British humor”及“...theres no better show for telling what makes the British British and having a good laugh at it...”可知，《黑爵士》展示了經典的英式幽默，是讓你發(fā)笑的最佳選擇。故選B項。 5．What is stressed by the text? A．The British are crazy about teadrinking. B．Friends is actually made by the British. C．The British are always finding faults with the French. D．The British are good at producing and watching telly. 答案：D　細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段第一二句“If theres one thing the British are good at, its watching telly...but weve taken and turned it into an art form. ”可知，文章強調英國人擅長觀看并制作電視劇。故選D項。 6．The main purpose of the text is to ________. A．challenge the American show lovers B．advertise the British most loved shows C．provide some information about the British D．introduce the techniques of the British shows 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據文章第一段最后一句“So if you want to learn how to be British, sit down to ... British shows.”可知，文章通過一些英劇告訴讀者如何成為真正的英國人。由此可推知，本文的寫作目的是為讀者提供一些關于英國人的信息。故選C項。 7．What would the author be? A．A devoted British. B．A confident movie reviewer. C．A cool British shows hand. D．An English showmaking major. 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據文章第一段第二句作者使用第一人稱we，且并不認為英劇會被美劇打敗以及文中通過幾部英劇的介紹可知，作者對英劇感到十分自豪。由此可判斷，作者是一位忠實的英國人。故選A項。 1．distinctly adv. 明顯地；非常；清楚地 2．popularity n. 受歡迎；普及；流行 3．reserved adj. 內向的；寡言少語的 4．detective n. 偵探；警探 5．artificially adv. 人工地；人造地 1．be similar to... 與……相似 2．in parison to... 與……相比較 Ⅱ.七選五(建議用時8′) 根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others.__1__If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts. Dont get in the center of the conflict. Sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.__2__ You should focus on your own life issues. Be kind. __3__Life is full of conflicts and disagreements, thats why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example, kindness can lessen the conflict. Try to be a peacekeeper. Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts.“__4__”This saying is the life motto of a natural－born peacekeeper. Dont worry if you are not a natural－born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life. Walk off. When the conflict is gathering pace and you cant manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. __5__You should get away from the situation for a while. A．Conflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them. B．The greatest victory is a battle not fought. C．It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent. D．Let other people solve their problems without your presence. E．Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support. F．Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree. G．When someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person. 篇章導讀：文章介紹了幾種有效避免和應付沖突的方法。 1．F　只有知道了沖突的嚴重危害，我們才能去想法避免它。F項符合語境，故選F。 2．D　下文提到了“You should focus on your own life issues.”，故建議你不要涉及到沖突當中去，讓其他人解決他們自己的問題。 3．G　本段中的關鍵詞為kind，和kindly相呼應。 4．B　竭力維持和平友好，即“The greatest victory is a battle not fought.”。 5．C　由上文keep yourself away from stress可知，此處表示讓自己與對手保持距離或者遠離對手。故選C。 Ⅲ.語法填空(建議用時8′) 閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。 A father is very worried about his son, __1__ acts like a coward. So his father paid a visit to the master and __2__ (ask) him to train his son. The master said, “I promise Ill be able to train your child __3__ a real man in three months.” Three months later, his father came __4__(pick) the child. The master arranged a match between the child __5__ his coach to show the three－month training result. At Round One, the child __6__ (knock) down and fell to the ground. He stood up to meet the challenge. But he was knocked down again, and once again he stood up to fight...this was repeated six times. The master asked his father, “Do you think your childs __7__ (perform) is that of a man？” The father said, “I feel ashamed for __8__！ I never expected that he would be so weak after a threemonth __9__(train)．” The master said, “I dont agree with you, and I regret that you only see __10__ surface of things. You have not seen the courage and perseverance in your son. This is the very spirit of a man！” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章導讀：有位偉人曾說：成功就是歷經失敗還不屈不撓地站起來持續(xù)奮斗的能力。本文中的大師向我們揭示了這樣的人生哲理。 1．who　考查非限制性定語從句。who在從句中作主語。 2．asked　考查動詞的時態(tài)。and連接并列謂語；由paid可知，此句為一般過去時。 3．into　考查固定搭配。train sb. into sb.意為“把某人訓練成……的人”。 4．to pick　考查非謂語動詞。不定式to pick作目的狀語。 5．and　考查固定搭配。between表示兩者之間，常與and連用。 6．was knocked　考查動詞的語態(tài)。語意為“孩子被擊倒在地上了”。 7．performance　考查詞性轉換。名詞所有格相當于形容詞，故其后用名詞。 8．him　考查固定搭配。feel ashamed for sb.意為“為某人感到羞愧”。 9．training　考查介詞。after為介詞，故其后用training。 10．the　考查冠詞。特指這件事情的表面，故用定冠詞the。 Ⅳ.書面表達(建議用時20′) [xx成都檢測]假定你是王華，目前正在英國做交換生。你的英國朋友Debbie送了你一張Ceilidh Dance舞會票。現在，請給她寫封郵件致謝，并詢問有關情況(箭頭所指內容)。 注意：1.詞數100左右； 2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 [標準范文] Dear Debbie， Im delighted to receive your ticket for the Ceilidh Dance. I really feel grateful for your kindness and it surely makes my cultural experience here more colorful. Here, Id like to know some details about the dance party. First, could you give me a brief introduction of this dance so I can know something about it before attending it. Besides, Id like to know whether I need to bring anything like a bag or present and particularly what kind of clothes and shoes Im supposed to wear, the formal ones or the casual ones. Finally, Im wondering how I can get there and avoid being late. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Wang Hua