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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ) Unit5 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 新人教版選修8 Ⅰ.用所給的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. The pencil was not ________， so he ________ it with a________. (sharpen) [答案]　sharp　sharpened　sharpener 2. In the final ________，I think we must try to ________the causes of his many shallow and wrong ________that he showed to the pupils. (analysis) [答案]　analysis　analyze　analyses 3. His family’s wealth is ________into four parts, but they don’t think the ________is fair. (divide) [答案]　divided　division 4. She used to suffer from ________ but now she ________herself to try to lose weight. (starve) [答案]　starvation　is starving 5. While working out the problem, you should pay more attention to the ________. You must measure the length ________in order to get the ________number. (accurate) [答案]　accuracy　accurately　accurate Ⅱ.完成句子 1. The game ______________(因下雨中斷了)． [答案]　was interrupted by the rain 2. I didn’t see your car，so I ________________(認(rèn)為你出去了)． [答案]　assumed that you’d gone out 3. My teacher is always smoking in class, ________________(不管學(xué)生的健康)． [答案]　regardless of the health of the students 4. You can’t even cut up meat with the knife，it ____________ (需要磨一下)． [答案]　needs sharpening 5. Efforts ____________(維護(hù)和平) have failed. [答案]　to preserve the peace 6. The book gives a ________________(貧困及其根源的詳細(xì)分析) [答案]　detailed analysis of poverty and its causes Ⅲ.完形填空 (xx年浙江) In the depths of my memory, many things I did with my father still live. These things have e to represent, in fact, what I call__1__and love. I don’t remember my father ever getting into a swimming pool. But he did__2__the water. Any kind of __3__ride seemed to give him pleasure.And he loved to fish；sometimes he took me along. But I never really liked being on the water, the way my father did. I liked being in the water, moving through it，__4__it all around me. I was not a strong __5__，or one who learned to swim early, for I had my __6__. But I loved being in the swimming pool close to my father’ s office and__7__those summer days with my father, who would e by on a break. I needed him to see what I could do. My father would stand there in his suit, the__8__person not in swimsuit. After swimming, I would go inside his office and sit on the wooden chair in front of his big desk, where he let me__9__anything I found in his top desk drawer. Sometimes，if I was left alone at his desk__10__he worked in the lab，an assistant or a student might e in and tell me perhaps I shouldn’ t be playing with his__11__. But my father always__12__and said easily，“ Oh，no，it’ s__13__.”Sometimes he handed me coins and told me to get __14__an ice cream... A poet once said，“ We look at life once，in childhood；the rest is__15__.”And I think it is not only what we“ look at once, in childhood” that determines our memories, but who，in that childhood，looks at us. 解讀：兒時(shí)的美好回憶總讓人終生難忘，慈祥、寬容而又與眾不同的父親給作者幼小的心靈留下了深深的愛的烙印。本文是唱給父親的贊歌。 1. A. desire　 B. joy C. anger D. worry [解析]　下文敘述的是作者與父親度過的“愉快”時(shí)光，所以選擇此項(xiàng)，空后的love也有提示。A項(xiàng)在文章中沒有信息支持，C、D兩項(xiàng)與下文的內(nèi)容不符。 [答案]　B 2. A. avoid B. refuse C. praise D. love [解析]　根據(jù)下一句的內(nèi)容可知雖然作者不曾記得父親下過游泳池，但是父親的確“喜歡”水。C項(xiàng)表示“贊揚(yáng)”，在文章中沒有提到。 [答案]　D 3. A. boat B. bus C. train D. bike [解析]　此處談?wù)摰氖桥c水有關(guān)的事情，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有此項(xiàng)與水有關(guān)。 [答案]　A 4. A. having B. leaving C. making D. getting [解析]　作者喜歡在水中走動(dòng)，讓周圍都“有”水。B項(xiàng)表示“聽任”，語(yǔ)意不恰當(dāng)；后兩項(xiàng)表示動(dòng)作，與本句的語(yǔ)境不符。 [答案]　A 5. A. swimmer B. rider C. walker D. runner [解析]　此處敘述的是作者在水中的情況，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有此項(xiàng)與水有關(guān)。 [答案]　A 6. A. hopes B. faiths C. rights D. fears [解析]　本句的前半句提到作者不是游泳好手，由此可知作者心懷“恐懼”。前三項(xiàng)都與本句的前半句在語(yǔ)意上不符合。 [答案]　D 7. A. spending B. saving C. wasting D. ruining [解析]　文章敘述的是作者對(duì)過去美好時(shí)光的回憶，因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有此項(xiàng)最能表達(dá)作者的意圖。B項(xiàng)表示“節(jié)省”，語(yǔ)意不通。 [答案]　A 8. A. next B. only C. other D. last [解析]　第二段的開頭一句提到作者從不記得父親下過游泳池，由此可知他是“唯一”不穿游泳衣的人。 [答案]　B 9. A. put up B. break down C. play with D. work out [解析]　作者的父親允許作者“玩弄”他抽屜中的任何東西。第11個(gè)空格前面的playing with也是暗示。put up表示“張貼”，break down表示“壞掉”，work out表示“做出”，都不符合所給語(yǔ)境。 [答案]　C 10. A. the moment B. the first time C. while D. before [解析]　此處表示的是動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，即作者的父親在實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作的同時(shí)作者獨(dú)自一人在父親的辦公桌旁。A項(xiàng)表示“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于as soon as，B項(xiàng)表示“第一次……的時(shí)候”，D項(xiàng)表示“在……之前”，都與本句的語(yǔ)境不符。 [答案]　C 11. A. fishing net B. office things C. wooden chair D. lab equipment [解析]　根據(jù)前面的at his desk可知，他們告訴作者不應(yīng)該玩弄父親的“辦公用品”。A項(xiàng)在文章中沒有信息支持；上文提到的是作者在玩弄父親抽屜中的東西，因此C項(xiàng)不恰當(dāng)；作者當(dāng)時(shí)是在辦公室里，而不是在父親的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里，所以D項(xiàng)不正確。 [答案]　B 12. A. stood up B. set out C. showed up D. turned out [解析]　每逢有人干涉作者時(shí)，作者的父親總是“出來”制止。作者的父親當(dāng)時(shí)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中，所以A項(xiàng)不正確；B項(xiàng)表示“出發(fā)；動(dòng)身”，D項(xiàng)表示“結(jié)果是，證明是”，不符合語(yǔ)境。 [答案]　C 13. A. fine B. strange C. terrible D. funny [解析]　作者的父親是在庇護(hù)作者，認(rèn)為孩子這么做沒有什么過錯(cuò)，別人不應(yīng)該干涉，所以選擇A。 [答案]　A 14. A. the student B. the assistant C. myself D. himself [解析]　作者的父親有時(shí)候給作者幾個(gè)硬幣讓作者自己買冰淇淋吃。 [答案]　C 15. A. memory B. wealth C. experience D. practice [解析]　根據(jù)下一句中的memories可知其余的都是“回憶”。后三項(xiàng)都與下一句內(nèi)容不符。 [答案]　A Ⅳ.閱讀理解 (xx年湖北，A) My grandfather came from Hungary and was the only one in his family who settled down in the United States. The rest of his family remained in Europe. When World War I broke out, he seemed to have bee another man, downhearted. Such obvious change was not born out of concern for his welfare, but out of fear: if his only son, my uncle, had to go to war, it would be cousin fighting against cousin. One day in 1918 ，my Uncle Milton received his draft_notice. My grandparents were very upset. But my mother, at the age of 10 ，felt on top of the world about her soldier brother going off to war. Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends, my uncle bought them all service_pins,_which meant that they had a loved one in the service. All the little girls were delighted. The moment came when my uncle and the other soldiers, without any training but all in uniforms, boarded the train. The band played and the crowd cheered. Although no one noticed, I’m sure my grandmother had a tear in her eye for the only son. The train slowly pulled out, but not about a thousand yards when it suddenly paused. Everyone stared in wonder as the train slowly returned to the station. There was a dead silence before the doors opened and the men started to step out. Someone shouted, “The war is over ！” For a moment, nobody moved, but then the people heard someone bark orders at the soldiers. The men lined up in two lines, walked down the steps, and with the band playing，marched down the street, as returning heroes, to be weled home.My mother said it was a great day, but she was just a little disappointed that it didn’t last a tiny bit longer. [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)往往給人類帶來痛苦和災(zāi)難。1918年第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，導(dǎo)致親戚朋友相互殘殺，強(qiáng)迫服兵役是司空見慣的事情，不管有無培訓(xùn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，都要求參軍。文章從我外祖父精神狀態(tài)的變化側(cè)面說明了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)給人們帶來的痛苦。 1．What the grandfather was most worried about was______. A. the spread of the world war B. the safety of his two cousins C. a drop in his living standards D. his relatives killing each other [解析]　事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段．..if his only son，my uncle，had to go to war，it would be cousin fighting against cousin.可知，外祖父最擔(dān)憂的是親人之間的相互殘殺。 [答案]　D 2．The underlined phrase“draft notice” means“________”． A. order for army service　 B. train ticket for Europe C. letter of rejection D. note of warning [解析]　猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)第二段第三句中．..her soldier brother going off to war.和下文內(nèi)容可以推測(cè)出，此處的draft notice指的就是“服兵役命令”。故選A。 [答案]　A 3．What did the“ service pins” ( in Para. 2 ) stand for in the eyes of the little girls? A. Strength. B. Courage. C. Victory. D. Honor. [解析]　猜測(cè)詞義題。根據(jù)第二段第四句Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends，my uncle bought them all_service_pins，which_meant_that_they_had_a_loved_one_in_the_service.All the little girls were delighted.可以分析出，在小姑娘們看來，我的舅父的入伍給她們帶來了榮耀。因此service pins是指新入伍的士兵佩戴的有別針的徽章。此處的意思就是“榮譽(yù)，面子”的意思。 [答案]　D 4．Which of the following words can best describe the ending of the story? A. Disappointing. B. Unexpected. C. Uncertain. D. Inspiring. [解析]　推理判斷題。文章最后一段的描寫出人預(yù)料：人們送別親人出征，火車緩緩駛走約1000碼遠(yuǎn)卻又慢慢退回來，士兵們下車，有人高喊：“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束了！”這是在場(chǎng)的所有人們的心聲，真的如此該多令人又驚又喜啊！可惜，這個(gè)場(chǎng)面僅延續(xù)了一小會(huì)兒。 [答案]　B [長(zhǎng)難句解讀]　1.If his only son，my uncle，had to go to war，it would be cousin fighting against cousin.如果他唯一的兒子——我的舅父必須參戰(zhàn)的話，那將會(huì)是兄弟之間的相互殘殺了。 句中my uncle是同位語(yǔ)，cousin fighting against cousin指兄弟間的相互殘殺。 2．Realizing how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends，my uncle bought them all service pins，which meant that they had a loved one in the service.我舅父意識(shí)到被他妹妹和她所有的朋友們關(guān)注的時(shí)候，他給她們買了部隊(duì)里用的徽章，這就表明她們有一個(gè)所愛的人在部隊(duì)服役。 可中how he was regarded by his little sister and all of her friends是賓語(yǔ)從句，which meant that they had a loved one in the service是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 B (xx年廣東) Napoleon，as a character in Tolstoy’s War and Peace, is more than once described as having “fat little hands.”Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse. ”He is said to be “undersized，” with “short legs” and a “round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts—but his choice of facts: other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring mander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy’s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose—and that is the point. It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar (沙皇), who has e with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry: doesn’t he have more army? He，not the Tsar，is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war！” he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon “walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.” Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russian’s... face，” Tolstoy writes, and “taking him by the ear pulled it gently...” To have one’s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why don’t you say anything？said he，as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon. Tolstoy did his research，but the position is his own. 5. Tolstoy’s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is________. A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian history C. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details [解析]　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy’s description—it seems not that far off from historical accounts—but his choice of facts”可知，他的作品是建立在自己對(duì)事實(shí)進(jìn)行選擇的基礎(chǔ)上。 [答案]　C 6. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because________. A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms B. the Tsar’s peace terms were hard to accept C. the Russians stopped his military movement D. he didn’t have any more army to fight with [解析]　根據(jù)第二段中的“Napoleon is very angry：doesn’t he have more army？He，not the Tsar，is the one to make the terms.He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped.”可知拿破侖生氣的原因。 [答案]　C 7. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do? A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him. C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration. [解析]　推理判斷題。從第三段最后一句可以推斷出拿破侖期望俄羅斯使者說些什么。 [答案]　B 8. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is________. A. illmannered in dealing with foreign guests B. fond of showing off his iron will C. determined in destroying all of Europe D. crazy for power and respect [解析]　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的描述可見Tolstoy想把拿破侖描述為一個(gè)沒有教養(yǎng)的人。 [答案]　A 9. What does the last sentence of the passage imply? A. A writer doesn’t have to be faithful to his findings. B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way. C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes. D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings. [解析]　推理判斷題。最后這句話是說作者往往用自己的方式描寫歷史上的英雄人物。 [答案]　B Ⅴ.話題寫作訓(xùn)練 讀寫任務(wù) 閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。 Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we e to realize that those challenges are the very things that shape us and make us who we are, and that it is the same with the challenges that e with friendship. When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two choices. We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing presenting the challenge isn’t worth the trouble and call it quits. Although there are certainly times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most cases all that is needed is mitment and munication. When we are mitted to something, it means that no matter how painful or how unfortable something is, we will always choose to face it and work through instead of running away from it. munication is making a space for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong. If you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt” rather than “You hurt my feelings” you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster. In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are：small hurdles you need to jump or get through on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only serves to make us stronger. It’ s all part of growing up. It happens to everyone，and some day you will look back on all of this and say, “Hard as it was, it made me who I am today. And that’s a good thing.” 【寫作內(nèi)容】 1．以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn)； 2．然后以約120個(gè)詞就“在生活或?qū)W習(xí)中如何面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)”這個(gè)主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)： (1)在生活或?qū)W習(xí)上，你曾經(jīng)遇到過什么比較大的挑戰(zhàn)？ (2)你是如何面對(duì)這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)的？你成功了嗎？ (3)對(duì)你面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的經(jīng)歷，你有何感悟？ 【寫作要求】 1．可以使用實(shí)例或其他論述方法支持你的觀點(diǎn)，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子； 2．文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。 【參考范文】 The passage tells us that when we are faced with challenges, all we need is mitment and munication. After dealing with many challenges, we will e to realize that it is challenges that shape us. Life is full of challenges. In my study, I always meet with new challenges. When I was in Senior One, I used to fail my math exams.This was a serious problem because math is a very important subject.However, I did not quit. I listened to the teacher attentively in class. I also bought some reference books and did as many exercises as I could. Besides, I turned to my teacher and classmates for help. In the end，after several months’ hard work, I passed the final exam. Looking back on this, I realize that whatever challenges I am faced with, I will spare no effort and never give up. I’m sure to get final victories and bee what I should be.