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Unit 1 Great scientists,Language points,1. What do you know about Dr. John Snow’s being well-known in London?,He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.,Questions,3. Did people know how to cure the disease?,2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?,They exposed themselves to cholera.,4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?,He knew he would never be controlled until its cause was found.,People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.,5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?,6. How serious was the disease outbreak in London?,The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.,The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.,7. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?,Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.,8. Where were many of the deaths in Broad Street?,9. Why did some houses have no deaths?,These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.,It seemed the water was to blame,10. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for the disease?,He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.,11. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?,12. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?,In addition, he found 2 other deaths.,13. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?,He announced that polluted water carried the disease.,14. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?,They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.,Students Doctors and nurses People in the neighborhood All his friends and relatives Gardeners Members of the Union of students,church patients a lecture school a meeting about the Union his wedding the botanical garden,attend,,,,,,,,,attend,* I may be late – I have got one or two things to attend to. * Mother had to attend to her sick son .,,eg: 1. The wolf opened its mouth to ______ a row of sharp teeth.,2. Don’t ______ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.,expose,expose,expose,People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003. Meaning?,“to show sth. that is usually covered; to leave unprotected; to put sth. in a harmful situation”,eg: The police began to look into the case, but the eyewitness was afraid to _______ the murderer. Meaning?,“to make known; to tell the truth”,expose,,* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will_____ you. He will ____ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a wonderful _____ for the pain.,cure,cure,cure,cure,* Although the boy was beyond _____, his parents tried to ____ him of bad habits. * The prices are going up every day, but there is no _____ for rising prices.,cure,cure,cure,,The wound on my arm has healed . He was healed of his sickness .,,heal,control,Complete the sentences in the first part with the words in the second part. “control” will be used between the 2 parts.,1. The Republican Party continued to ___. 2. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to ___. 3. Sarah just cannot ___ . 4. The buttons ____ .,B,A,C,D,Part 1,A. the spread of AIDS B. the House (議院) of the USA C. her temper D. the temperature in the building,Part 2,,Phrases of ‘control’,soil sponge water students air work / job a big company,sound knowledge heat time an article a small company the meaning (of a remark) water,absorb—take in/understand,,,,,,,,,,,be absorbed in = concentrate on eg. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently. absorb one’s attention eg. Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.,,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 嚴重急性呼吸道癥候群 Q: Which of the following definitions is suitable for each sentence?,Do you know the full name of SARS?,severe,A. unpleasant or dangerous weather B. very strict C. very bad or serious to worry about D. extreme criticism or punishment,1. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital. 2. I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldn’t go back home in time.,C,A,3. Come on! Don’t be so severe with the children. 4. His report contains severe criticism of the company’s actions.,B,D,,-- What is the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace? -- It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000. -- It was a valuable diamond necklace.,valuable,[諺]井干方知水可貴。 We never know ___ ____ of water ___ __ ___ __ ___. Q1: What’s the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or verb? What does “valuable” mean?,the value,till the,well is dry,* value (n.): the amount of money that sth. is worth * value (vt.): to decide that how much sth. is worth * valuable (adj.): worth a lot of money,eg: The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English is of great value to you. His research has been of no / little practical value. I value your friendship very highly. Q2: What is the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or a verb in the above sentences?,value (n.): the importance or usefulness of something * value (vt.): to think that something is important to you,Q3: In the text, “The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.” does “valuable” means “worth a lot of money”?,* valuable (adj.): important because there is only a limited amount available,泵 (油泵; 氣泵), 抽水機, 打氣筒,pump,If have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.) When my car was short of gas, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas .,pump,We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up. His heart was pumping fast. During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.,酒館 bar,旅館; 小店,pub, public house,blame sb. / sth. for… : to say or think that sb. or sth. is responsible for sth. bad eg: It’s not fair to blame me. It’s not my fault. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.,blame,* be to blame: be responsible for sth. bad eg. The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. * take the blame: to say that sth. is your fault eg. He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.,handle,handle v.,Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.,1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the companys accounts.,C,2. The children are so naughty that I cant handle them. 3. She handled a difficult argument skillfully.,F,E,4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you. 5. This shop handles paper and stationery. 6. He learnt how to handle the axe.,D,B,A,in addition also as well as besides,,used when adding another fact to what has already been mentioned,In addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges.,,,In addition,2. The two towns are linked by a railway.,1. A lot of links fitted together form a chain.,3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.,link,4. 研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了吸煙和心臟病之間的關(guān)系。 Researchers have detected a link between smoking and heart disease.,1. The captain announced that the plane was going to land. 2. The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain. 3. The army announced a cease-fire.,announce,4. It has been announced that Mr. A and Miss B will be married next week. Meaning? * to make known publicly; to give information using a loudspeaker, esp. at an airport or railway station,5. The announcer announces three programs a week. * to introduce a program on TV or radio,* train approach announcement * He waited for the announcement of the result of the competition. * make an announcement,announcement,1. -- Who instructs your class in history? -- Mr Black. He is our instructor. 2. She instructed me in the use of this telephone. 3. Ive been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.,(to teach; to order),instruct,detailed directions on procedure; an order; teaching,instruction,1. The boss gave me so many instructions at one time that I got muddled up. 2. We forgot to read the instructions. (an instruction book) 3. Under Berry’s instruction, I slowly mastered the art of glass blowing.,Speak out the phrases with “make” according to the pictures or the Chinese definitions.,交朋友,make friends,確保; 確定,make sure,下定決心,make up one’s mind,為.騰出空位,make room for,make a face,make the bed,一路前進;向前,make one’s way to,用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. These suggestions are very _________ (value) in your English studies. 2. The telephone rang, and he answered it ___________ (immediate). 3. In _________ (add) to English, he could also speak French. 4. He _________ (announcement) that he would give up the job soon. 5. The doctor __________ (instruct) him to go to bed and rest ten minutes ago.,instructed,valuable,immediately,addition,announced,下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并改正。 1. At least 300 employing workers got involved in the strike. 2. I wrote suggesting that he came for the weekend. 3. Neither I nor my wife understand what little Tracy is saying now. 4. He is too fat that he couldn’t get through the door. 5. The next five months will examine your powers of leadership.,employed,come,understands,so,test,根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的提示將下列句子翻譯成英語。,1. 如果有人該承擔(dān)責(zé)任, 那就是我. (blame) 2. 不要把皮膚直接暴露在陽光下. (expose . to),If anyone’s to blame, it’s me.,Don’t expose your skin to sunlight directly.,3. 黑色墻壁在白天吸收大量的熱. (absorb) 4. 此外, 你還可以利用業(yè)余時間學(xué)一門外語. (in addition),Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.,In addition, you can learn a foreign language in your spare time.,5. 這條絲綢之路在古代把中國和西方連接起來. (link . to) 6. 這種疾病就是通過咳嗽傳播的. (spread . through),The Silk Road linked China to the west in ancient times.,The disease is spread through coughing.,7. 他看到他父親時很吃驚。(過去分詞作表語) 8. 我每天早上吃一個煎雞蛋。(過去分詞作定語),He was astonished to see his father.,I have a fried egg every morning.,9. 我們決定馬上離開。(determine to) 10. 我無意暗示你錯了。(suggest),I don’t wish to suggest that you’re wrong.,We determined to leave at once.,