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扣考綱話題誦讀,固考基教材梳理,提考能技能速升,課后限時(shí)檢測(cè),析考點(diǎn)重難突破,話題16 世界與環(huán)境(2) [話題詞匯] 【常見(jiàn)單詞】 1．threaten v．威脅 2．cause v．導(dǎo)致 3．preserve v．維護(hù)，保護(hù) 4．responsibility n．責(zé)任 5．balance n．平衡 6．existence n．存在，生存,7．resource n．資源 8．endangered adj.瀕臨滅絕的 9．effective adj.有效的 10．limited adj.有限的 【常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)】 1．leave.behind 把……拋于腦后 2．make a difference 有影響 3．to make matters worse 使事情更糟糕的是 4．cut down砍倒 5．deal with處理,[經(jīng)典語(yǔ)篇] 【寫作要求】 (2015甘肅省蘭州第一中學(xué)高三月考)假設(shè)你是李華，你所在的學(xué)校最近浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重，比如長(zhǎng)流水、長(zhǎng)明燈等。為此學(xué)校倡導(dǎo)建設(shè)“節(jié)約型校園”。請(qǐng)以“How to build an economized campus”為題寫一篇英語(yǔ)作文，要點(diǎn)如下： 1．認(rèn)識(shí)到節(jié)約資源的重要性； 2．從“我”做起節(jié)約資源，及時(shí)關(guān)燈、隨手關(guān)水龍頭等； 3．號(hào)召師生共建節(jié)約型校園。 參考詞匯：水龍頭 tap,注意：1.詞數(shù)在100左右； 2．可適當(dāng)增減細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫；開頭已寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 3．不能使用真實(shí)姓名與學(xué)校。 How to build an economized campus Nowadays，waste on campus has become an increasingly seriousproblem.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,【參考范文】 How to build an economized campus Nowadays,waste_on_campus_has_become_an_increasingly_serious_problem.①We can often see many students leave the water running and some let the lights on for a long time，which causes a serious waste of resources. Therefore，its high time that we took some measures to deal with the problem.Firstly，we should realize that natural resources are limited.Many parts of our country are suffering from drought and power scarcity.Besides，everyone has the,responsibility to preserve natural resources.We should save every piece of paper，every drop of water and turn off the lights when leaving the room.②We can hope to build an economized campus through these measures.The small efforts by a single individual may make a huge difference.Let us work together to build an economized campus!,[一試身手] 【句型轉(zhuǎn)換】 1．將句子①改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 __________________________________________________ and let the lights on for a long time，which causes a serious waste of resources. 2．將句子②改為倒裝句。 _________________________________________ to build an economized campus.,Many students are seen leave the water running,Only through these measures can we hope,【完成句子】 1．許多樹已被砍倒。 Too many trees________________________. 2．這讓鳥類和動(dòng)物失去了它們的自然棲息地。 It has ______________________________ their natural habitats. 3．你做的一切，都會(huì)有影響。 What you have done __________________________.,have been cut down,caused birds and animals to lose,will make a difference,一、單詞速覽 1._________ n．舞臺(tái)；階段，時(shí)期 2．_________ adj. 先前的，以往的 3．_________ n. 格言，諺語(yǔ)，警句 4．_________ vt.& vi. 哀悼，憂傷 5．_________ n. 健壯，健康；適合 6．_________ adj. 積極的；正面的；肯定的 7．_________ vt.& n. 保證；擔(dān)保,stage,previous,saying,mourn,fitness,positive,guarantee,8．________ vt. (通常經(jīng)過(guò)努力)獲得；得到；達(dá)到 9． ________ n. 邀請(qǐng) 10． ________ vi. 猛沖；突然出現(xiàn)；爆裂 11． ________ vi. 怒目而視；發(fā)出炫目的光 12． ________ vi.& vt. 撕；扯 n. (常用復(fù)數(shù))眼淚；淚珠 13． ________ n. (同一事物)不同種類；多種多樣 → _________ adj. 各種各樣的；多方面的 → __________ v. 變化；改變 14． _________vi.& vt. 表現(xiàn) → ___________ n. 行為；表現(xiàn),attain,invitation,burst,glare,tear,variety,various,vary,behave,behaviour,15．___________ n. 表演，演出；表現(xiàn)，業(yè)績(jī) → ___________ v. 演出，表演；做，履行；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) 16.___________ vt. 逗笑，逗樂(lè)；提供(消遣)，(使)娛樂(lè) → ___________ n. 消遣；娛樂(lè)，樂(lè)趣 → ___________ adj. 有趣的，引人發(fā)笑的 → ___________ adj. 愉快的；被逗樂(lè)的 17.___________ vt.& vi. 增強(qiáng)；鞏固 → ___________ n. 力量，力氣 → ___________ adj. 強(qiáng)壯的；堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的,performance,perform,amuse,amusement,amusing,amused,strengthen,strength,strong,18．___________ vi. 參加，參與 → ____________ n. 參與；分享；參股 → _____________ n. 參與者；關(guān)系者 19． ___________ vt. 教授，傳授；指示，命令；告示 → ____________ n. 指令，命令；指示；教導(dǎo)；用法說(shuō)明 → ___________ adj. 有益的；教育性的 20． ___________ adj. 看不見(jiàn)的；無(wú)形的 → ___________ adv. 看不見(jiàn)地；看不出地 → ___________ adj. 明顯的；看得見(jiàn)的 21． ___________ n. (戲劇、小說(shuō)等的)情節(jié)背景；場(chǎng)景；環(huán)境 → ___________ v. 設(shè)置背景,participate,participation,participant,instruct,instruction,instructive,invisible,invisibly,visible,setting,set,【看單詞，學(xué)構(gòu)詞】 在17.strength一詞中出現(xiàn)了名詞后綴－th，通常由形容詞＋th構(gòu)成抽象名詞。類似的課標(biāo)詞匯還有：warmth n．溫暖(warm溫暖的)；length n．長(zhǎng)度(leng＝long長(zhǎng)的)；depth n．深度(dep＝deep 深的)；width n．寬度(wide 寬的)等。,二、短語(yǔ)快譯 1.__________________ 支持，維護(hù) 2．__________________ 種種；各種各樣的 3．________________ 絆倒 4．__________________ 拿……開玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 5．__________________ 喜愛(ài)，鐘愛(ài) 6．__________________ 后來(lái)，過(guò)些時(shí)候 7．__________________ 想出；拿出 8．__________________ 組成；編造；化妝；彌補(bǔ) 9．__________________ 去世，亡故,stand up for,a variety of,trip over,make fun of,have affection for,later on,come up with,make up,pass by,10．_____________ 趕走；驅(qū)趕 11． _____________ 接納 12． _____________ 為……騰出地方 13． _____________ 闖進(jìn)；突然闖入 14． _____________ 對(duì)……怒目而視 15． _____________ 遞出；拿出；伸出,drive away,take on,make room for,burst in,glare at,hold out,三、句式構(gòu)建 1．do you think 作插入語(yǔ) Which of the events above ___________ will be the funniest？你認(rèn)為上面哪件事最有趣？ 2．the reason for./why.is that ＋從句 ___________ Crystal has become so famous ___________ he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him.克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思維非常敏捷，常常能就身邊的人或事即興編排笑話。,do you think,One reason,is that,3．it seems.that.看來(lái)似乎…… He said，“__________ appropriate _______he got his start in silent films！”他說(shuō)：“看來(lái)，他的確適合從無(wú)聲電影起家！” 4．whatever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 __________ the reason，research shows that in the end，the English saying，‘Laughter is the best medicine’，may be true after all.不管是什么原因，研究表明，英語(yǔ)格言“笑是靈丹妙藥”到頭來(lái)可能真的沒(méi)錯(cuò)。,It seems,that,Whatever,,(1)a variety of/varieties of 種種，各種各樣的 (2)various adj. 各種不同的；各種各樣的 (3)vary vt. 改變；變更 vi.變化；不同 vary with. 隨著……而變化 vary from.to./between.and. 在……和……之間變化,【溫馨提示】 ①a variety of/varieties of“各種各樣的”，后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；②the variety of ＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意為“……的品種”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。,①(牛津P1956)There is a wide variety of patterns to choose from.有種類繁多的圖案可供選擇。 ②There are various ways of solving the problem. 有各種各樣解決問(wèn)題的方法。 ③The prices of some goods vary_with the season. 某些貨物的價(jià)格隨著季節(jié)的變化而變動(dòng)。 ④Class numbers vary_between 25 and 30. 班級(jí)的數(shù)目從25到30不等。,2．perform vt.& vi.演出，表演；做，履行；工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) (牛津P1275)The company has been performing poorly over the past year.這家公司過(guò)去一年業(yè)績(jī)欠佳。 (1)perform ones duty/promise/task 履行職責(zé)/履行諾言/執(zhí)行任務(wù) perform an operation 動(dòng)手術(shù) perform well/ badly 表現(xiàn)好/不好,(2)performance n. 履行，執(zhí)行；表演，表現(xiàn)；(機(jī)器的)性能 put on/give a performance 表演，演出 ①Well，dont forget to perform your duty next time. 好吧，下次要履行自己的職責(zé)。 ②She performed_the_experiment over and over，working till midnight.這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)她做了一遍又一遍，一直做到深夜。 ③They laid on an acrobatic performance for the children.他們?yōu)楹⒆觽儼才帕艘粓?chǎng)雜技表演。,3．a(chǎn)muse vt.逗笑，逗樂(lè)；提供(消遣)，(使)娛樂(lè) (教材P3)Crystal is popular with all age groups and has the ability to amuse people all over the world.克里斯托深受各年齡段的人的歡迎而且有能力使全世界的人開心。 (1)amuse sb./oneself with sth.以某事(物)逗樂(lè)某人/自己 (2)amusing adj. 好笑的，有趣的；引人發(fā)笑的 amused adj. (人、表情等)愉快的；被逗樂(lè)的 be amused at/by sth. 因某事(物)而高興 be amused to do sth. 因做某事而高興,(3)amusement n. 娛樂(lè) to ones amusement 令某人感到高興/可笑的是 ①(牛津P53)Im sure Ill be able to amuse myself for a few hours.我相信我能自?shī)首詷?lè)幾個(gè)小時(shí)。 ②His story kept the audience amused all the time. 他的故事讓聽(tīng)眾笑個(gè)不停。 ③I was very much amused to see the seal perform its tricks. ＝I was very much amused_at_seeing the seal perform its tricks.我被海豹的特技表演逗樂(lè)了。,④To_our_amusement，the actor jumped on and off the stage.可笑的是，演員在舞臺(tái)上跳上跳下。 4．participate vi.參加，參與；分享，分擔(dān) (教材P9)As you laugh，the muscles participating in the laugh become active.當(dāng)你笑的時(shí)候，參與笑的肌肉變得活躍。 (1)participate in 參加，參與 participate with sb.in sth. 與某人分擔(dān)/分享某事物 (2)participation n. 參與；分享 participation in 對(duì)……的參與；對(duì)……的參加 active participation 主動(dòng)參與；積極參加,①(牛津P1253)She didnt participate in the discussion. 她沒(méi)有參加討論。 ②She participated_with_her_husband_in his sufferings. 她分擔(dān)丈夫的痛苦。 ③Professors here want your contribution and active_participation_in the class all the time.這里的教授總是要求學(xué)生參與，積極在課堂上提出見(jiàn)解。,5．guarantee vt.& n．保證；擔(dān)保 (教材P9)Practising is the only way to guarantee a successful performance. 演練是保證演出成功的唯一的方法。 (1)guarantee sth./to do sth./that. 保證(做)某事/保證…… guarantee sb.sth. 確保某人(得到)某物 guarantee sb.against /from 保證……不……,(2)under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi) ①(牛津P778)The watch is still under guarantee. 這只手表仍在保修期內(nèi)。 ②Can you guarantee_me_a_job when I get there? 你可以確保我到那兒就可以找到一份工作嗎？ ③The insurance policy guarantees us all against loss. 保險(xiǎn)單保證我們大家免受損失。,高考鏈接 (2014江西高考)I dont believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ________ me. A．convince B．inform C．guarantee D．refuse 【解析】 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不相信你所說(shuō)的，但是如果你能證明它，你也許能夠________我。由句中的“但是如果你能證明它”可判斷此處應(yīng)填convince(說(shuō)服)。inform通知；guarantee保證；refuse拒絕。 【答案】 A,6．instruct vt.教授，傳授；指示，命令；通知，告知 (教材P11)He has instructed students from over 70 different countries.他指導(dǎo)過(guò)來(lái)自70多個(gè)不同國(guó)家的學(xué)生。 (1)instruct sb.to do sth. 指導(dǎo)某人做某事 instruct sb.in (doing)sth. 教授某人(做)某事 instruct sb.that. 通知某人…… (2)instruction[常用復(fù)數(shù)]命令，指示 [復(fù)數(shù)]說(shuō)明書，使用指南 [U]指導(dǎo) obey/follow instructions 遵從指令/指示 under ones instruction 在某人的教導(dǎo)下,(3)instructive adj. 有教育意義的，有啟發(fā)性的 instructor n. 指導(dǎo)員，教練 ①(牛津P916)You will be instructed where to go as soon as the plane is ready.飛機(jī)一準(zhǔn)備好就會(huì)通知你去何處。 ②My job is to instruct_her_in_English. 我的工作是教她英語(yǔ)。 ③Ive instructed_them_to keep the room locked. 我已吩咐他們那個(gè)房間要上鎖。 ④What the instructor says is often instructive. Under_his_instruction,_we have all made progress. 教練的話通常是有道理的。在他的指導(dǎo)下，我們都取得了進(jìn)步。,7．burst vi.猛沖；突然出現(xiàn)；爆裂 vt.使破裂，使破口 (教材P15)Servant bursts in，next to Queen，empty－h(huán)anded and looking worried.仆人沖上舞臺(tái)，來(lái)到王后身邊，兩手空空，神色焦慮。 burst into tears/laughter ＝burst out crying/laughing 突然大哭/大笑起來(lái) burst in/into 突然進(jìn)入 burst out 突然激動(dòng)地喊叫；闖出來(lái)；突發(fā) burst open 猛然打開,【溫馨提示】 burst out表示“爆發(fā)”，一般在其后接動(dòng)名詞，而burst into表示“突然發(fā)作”，后面一般接名詞。,①(牛津P216)The door burst open.門突然開了。 ②As soon as she saw her mother，she burst_into_tears like a child. ＝As soon as she saw her mother，she burst out crying like a child.一看到母親，她就像小孩一樣大哭了起來(lái)。 8．glare vi.怒目而視；發(fā)出炫目的光 (朗文P956)She glared at him accusingly. 她用責(zé)備的目光怒視著他。,[單詞對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)] Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．The store over there has a ________ (各式各樣)of toys. 2．He will ________(保證)us possession of the house by May. 3．Nails that project may ________ (刮壞)your clothes. 4．She rushed downstairs and ________(沖進(jìn))into the kitchen. 5．Smith ________(行為)like a perfect gentleman. 6．Every effort was made to ________(加強(qiáng))unity. 7．She ________(瞪著)at me if I go near her desk.,8．Can you ________(達(dá)到)the goal you have set yourselves? 9．I suggest that you ________(撕毀)up the letter and start over again. 10．My students turned in a good ________ (表演)at the English evening. 【答案】 1.variety 2.guarantee 3.tear 4.burst 5．behaves 6.strengthen 7.glares 8.attain 9.tear 10.performance,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket because it offers a great ________ of goods. A．variety B．connection C．combination D．mixture 【解析】 句意：越來(lái)越多的人選擇在超市購(gòu)物，因?yàn)樗峁└鞣N各樣的商品。a variety of“各種各樣的”，符合句意。 【答案】 A,2．Though many people are ________ by the ________ performances of cheerleaders, they dont think highly of them. A．a(chǎn)mused；amused B．a(chǎn)musing；amusing C．a(chǎn)musing；amused D．a(chǎn)mused；amusing 【解析】 句意：盡管很多人對(duì)啦啦隊(duì)有趣的表演感到好笑，但他們對(duì)啦啦對(duì)的評(píng)價(jià)并不高。amused“感到有趣的”，常修飾人；amusing“有趣的，引人發(fā)笑的”，常修飾物。 【答案】 D,3．(2012浙江高考)Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn. A．operation B．growth C．performance D．character 【解析】 句意：如果你能對(duì)所學(xué)的知識(shí)養(yǎng)成思考的習(xí)慣的話，你作為學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)將會(huì)很優(yōu)秀。A選項(xiàng)表示“手術(shù)，操作”；B選項(xiàng)表示“生長(zhǎng)，成長(zhǎng)”；C選項(xiàng)表示“表現(xiàn)，表演”；D選項(xiàng)表示“性格，特點(diǎn)”。根據(jù)句意可知選C項(xiàng)。 【答案】 C,4．Mr. Zhang is the best music teacher in our school, but he has hurt his left foot and cannot ________ tomorrows concert. A．take part B．play a part in C．participate as D．participate in 【解析】 考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：張老師是我們學(xué)校最好的音樂(lè)老師， 但他傷了左腳不能參加明天的音樂(lè)會(huì)。participate in參加， 符合題意。participate as作為……參加； take part少了介詞in; play a part in在……中起作用。 【答案】 D,5．In the factory, the helmets the workers wore varied ________ color according to their different posts. A．from B．in C．with D．a(chǎn)longside 【解析】 考查介詞辨析。句意：在工廠里， 工人們戴的頭盔根據(jù)他們不同的職位而發(fā)生變化。in表示“在……方面”， 故B正確。 【答案】 B,6．Hearing his words，the boys burst ________. A．in a laughter B．into laughter C．in a laugh D．into laugh 【解析】 句意：聽(tīng)到他的話，這些男孩子放聲大笑起來(lái)。burst into laughter“放聲大笑”。 【答案】 B,7．The company ________ that they would deliver my order within two days，which made me satisfied. A．a(chǎn)ttempted B．guaranteed C．impressed D．predicted 【解析】 句意：這家公司保證他們會(huì)在兩天內(nèi)把我訂的貨送到，這讓我非常滿意。guarantee“保證”。 【答案】 B,8．A real understanding of our friendship is easier to ________ if we communicate with each other regularly. A．a(chǎn)ttract B．a(chǎn)ttain C．a(chǎn)ttack D．a(chǎn)ttach 【解析】 句意：如果我們經(jīng)常交流，我們就不難真正理解我們之間的友誼。attain意為“達(dá)到，獲得”，符合句意。attract吸引；attack攻擊；attach使依附，附加，依戀，均不符合句意。 【答案】 B,9．If we cant ________ the subject of astronomy，we wont get the job opportunities on space stations. A．master B．control C．tolerate D．instruct 【解析】 句意：倘若我們沒(méi)有掌握天文學(xué)，我們將不能得到在太空站工作的機(jī)會(huì)。master意為“掌握”，符合題意。control控制；tolerate容忍；instruct命令，指示。 【答案】 A,10．He didnt shout，but he just ________ me silently. A．looked at B．glared at C．knocked at D．wondered at 【解析】 句意：他沒(méi)有大喊大叫，只是默默地怒視著我。look at 看；knock at 敲(門等)；wonder at 對(duì)……感到驚訝；glare at 對(duì)……怒目而視。 【答案】 B,分析3個(gè)高考短語(yǔ) 1．make fun of拿……開玩笑；取笑，嘲弄 (教材P2)While this kind of humour may sound cruel，it usually only works if both the comedian and the audience have affection for or admire the person being made fun of.這種幽默聽(tīng)起來(lái)可能有點(diǎn)刻薄，但通常只有當(dāng)喜劇演員和觀眾都喜歡或者崇拜這個(gè)被取笑的對(duì)象時(shí)，這種幽默才奏效。,(1)Its great fun to do sth. 做……真有趣 What (great)fun it is to do.! 做……多有趣??！ for fun/for the fun of it/(just)in fun 鬧著玩地；開玩笑似的 (2)play a joke/jokes on 開……的玩笑 play a trick/tricks on 捉弄，開玩笑 make a fool of 捉弄……；愚弄……,①(牛津P711)It wasnt serious—it was all done in fun. 那不是認(rèn)真的——全是鬧著玩的。 ②Dont egg him on to play_a_trick_on/make_a_fool_of others. 不要慫恿他捉弄?jiǎng)e人。 2．take on承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；具有；流行；接納；雇用；穿上 (教材P11)In an interview，he told us that he is always happy to take on new foreign students. 在一次采訪中，他告訴我們他總是樂(lè)意接收新的外國(guó)學(xué)生。,take down 取下，記下，拆卸 take in 接受；理解；拘留；欺騙；讓……進(jìn)入 take off 起飛；脫下；離開 take over 接管；接收 take up 拿起；開始從事；占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間等) ①I could hardly take in what the old man said. 我?guī)缀趼?tīng)不懂老人說(shuō)了什么。 ②The plane took_off from the airport and headed south towards Hong Kong.飛機(jī)從機(jī)場(chǎng)起往南飛往香港。,③Johnson took_over the chairmanship of the committee yesterday.約翰遜昨天接任委員會(huì)主席一職。 ④You should take_up my suggestion and start saving money.你應(yīng)該接受我的建議，開始存錢。 3．hold out 伸出，拿出；堅(jiān)持，不退讓；支撐，維持；抱有(希望等) (教材P15)holds out a roll of toilet paper拿出一卷衛(wèi)生紙,hold back 隱瞞；退縮；阻止，抑制 hold on 別掛斷；等一等；堅(jiān)持 hold on to 堅(jiān)守；保留(房屋、財(cái)產(chǎn)等)；抓住 hold up 舉起，拿起；支撐；攔住，耽擱 hold down 抑制；壓制；保有,①(牛津P840)They managed to hold on until help arrived.他們?cè)O(shè)法堅(jiān)持住直到救援到來(lái)。 ②The police were convinced the man was holding something back.警察確信那人隱瞞了情況。 ③The train was_held_up by heavy fog. 火車因大霧而受阻。 ④He held_on_to the rock to stop himself slipping. 他緊緊抓住巖石以免自己往下滑。,[短語(yǔ)對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)] Ⅰ.選詞填空 stand up for；a variety of；make fun of；come up with; pass by；take on；make room for；burst in；glare at；hold out 1．Its wrong to ________ people just because theyre old. 2．He is unwilling to ________ heavy responsibilities. 3．How long will our food supplies ________？ 4．We all must ________ democracy and human rights. 5．The police ________ (through the door)and arrested the gang.,6．They stood there，________ each other. 7．The factory is enlarged to ________ more machinery. 8．Peggy has ________ this fantastic idea for a party. 【答案】 1.make fun of 2.take on 3.hold out 4.stand up for 5.burst in 6.glaring at 7.make room for 8．come up with,Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．(2014鹽城模擬)I dont know what to__________at the university. I cant make any forecasts about my future. A．take in B．take over C．take off D．take up 【解析】 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我不知道大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)什么， 我不能對(duì)未來(lái)做任何預(yù)測(cè)。take in吸收， 欺騙， 理解； take over接管； take off脫下， 起飛； take up占據(jù)， 從事， 故選D。 【答案】 D,2．(2014姜堰中學(xué)模擬)When he first got to the city, he was often________ for his strong accent. A．made fun B．played a joke C．made fun of D．made jokes 【解析】 make fun of sb.“取笑某人”；play a joke on sb.“開某人的玩笑”；make jokes about“拿……來(lái)開玩笑”。故C項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境和短語(yǔ)搭配。 【答案】 C,3．—Does he know how to work out the problem? —Yes, he has ________ a good idea to solve it. A．come up with B．kept up with C．caught up with D．put up with 【解析】 句意：——他知道怎么解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？——知道，他已經(jīng)想出了一個(gè)好辦法來(lái)解決它。come up with a good idea想出了一個(gè)好辦法。keep up with跟上；catch up with趕上，追上；put up with忍受，容忍，忍得住。 【答案】 A,4. —Is Peter there? —________，please.Ill see if I can find him for you. A．Hold up B．Hold on C．Hold out D．Hold off 【解析】 本題考查的是打電話時(shí)的用語(yǔ)，“Hold on”意為“別掛”。 【答案】 B,5．The veteran workers are doing their best to pass ________ their technical knowhow(技能) to the younger generation. A．off B．on C．a(chǎn)way D．through 【解析】 pass on傳授；pass off逐漸消失，冒充；pass away去世，消磨掉；pass through穿過(guò)，通過(guò)，經(jīng)歷。 【答案】 B,6．The officer ordered the policeman to ________ that tall man in a black hat.He thought the man might be the murderer wanted. A．watch out for B．come up with C．get along with D．stand up for 【解析】 句意：這位軍官命令警察要關(guān)注那位戴黑色帽子的男性。他認(rèn)為那個(gè)人可能是要找的兇手。watch out for密切關(guān)注；come up with提出；get along with 取得進(jìn)展；stand up for 支持。根據(jù)句意故選A。 【答案】 A,剖析2個(gè)高考句型 1．(教材P1)Which of the events above do_you_think will be the funniest? 你認(rèn)為上面哪件事最有趣？ 句法分析：此句為特殊疑問(wèn)句，do you think為插入語(yǔ)。which of the events above是句子的主語(yǔ)，如果特殊疑問(wèn)詞不是句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意插入語(yǔ)后用陳述句語(yǔ)序。,在句中經(jīng)常作插入語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：think, hope, believe, suppose, guess, say, suggest等。常見(jiàn)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)有： (1)特殊疑問(wèn)詞 (作主語(yǔ))＋插入語(yǔ)＋疑問(wèn)句剩余部分(語(yǔ)序不變)? (2)特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋插入語(yǔ)＋句子其他部分(陳述語(yǔ)序)? (3)do you suggest 作插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的句子應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形”。,①What do you suppose is the right solution? 你認(rèn)為什么是正確的解決方案？ ②Whom_do_you_think they will make captain of the team? 你認(rèn)為他們會(huì)選誰(shuí)當(dāng)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)？ ③Where do you suggest we (should)_spend_our_ holiday? 你建議我們?nèi)ツ睦锒燃伲?2．(教材P3)One_reason Crystal has become so famous is_that he is very quick thinking，and is often able to come up with new jokes about the people and things around him. 克里斯托之所以如此出名，原因之一就是他思維非常敏捷，常常能就身邊的人或事即興編排笑話。 句法分析：句中Crystal has become so famous是定語(yǔ)從句修飾reason，意為“……的原因”。The reason why.is that.是特定句式，why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，也可用for which或省略；that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)reason的具體內(nèi)容。,This/That is why. 那是……的原因；那是為什么…… This/That is because. 那是由于/因?yàn)椤?①The reason why/ for which/(不填) she did it is that she wouldnt let her parents feel disappointed. 她做那件事的原因是不想讓父母失望。 ②The reason that/which/(不填) he gave you was reasonable.他給你的理由是合理的。 ③He got up late.That_was_why he was late for class. 他起晚了。那就是他遲到的原因。 ④He was late for class.That_was_because he got up late.他遲到了。那是因?yàn)樗鹜砹恕?高考鏈接 (2010上海高考)One reason for her preference for city life is ________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A．that B．how C．what D．why 【解析】 題干看似很長(zhǎng)，其實(shí)不難看出它是對(duì)常用句型“The reason why.is that.”的考查，如果考生對(duì)這一句型掌握得很牢固很熟練，就可以很容易地判斷出正確選擇是A。 【答案】 A,[句型對(duì)點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)] Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．The reason ________ Im calling you now is ________ I have an important thing to tell you. A．why；that B．that；because C．for which；because D．which；that 【解析】 考查定語(yǔ)從句。The reason why/for which.is that.意為“……的原因是……”，why/for which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾reason，that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。句意：我現(xiàn)在打電話給你的原因是我有重要的事情要告訴你。 【答案】 A,2．________ be sent to work there? A．Who do you suggest B．Who do you suggest that should C．Do you suggest who should D．Do you suggest whom should 【解析】 do you suggest為插入語(yǔ)，排除C和D兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)中that多余。A項(xiàng)省略了should，故A項(xiàng)正確。 【答案】 A,3．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants. A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever 【解析】 復(fù)合關(guān)系代詞whatever引出的從句可在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)。 【答案】 B,Ⅱ.完成句子 1．不管他們說(shuō)什么，做你認(rèn)為對(duì)的事情。 Do what ______________ is right __________. 2．他沒(méi)到會(huì)的原因是因?yàn)樗恢馈?____________ he was absent from the meeting ________ he didnt know. 3．你認(rèn)為我們從事這項(xiàng)工作什么東西最要緊？ What ______________ matters when we take up the work? 【答案】 1.you think；whatever they say 2.The reason why；was that 3.do you think,,[教材語(yǔ)法集訓(xùn)] 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(Ⅰ) 單項(xiàng)填空 1．Children are not permitted__________the film designed for adults. A．to see B．seeing C．seen D．to be seen,【解析】 考查permit的用法。句意：兒童不準(zhǔn)看那部專為成年人拍攝的電影。permit sb. to do sth. 的被動(dòng)形式為sb. be permitted to do sth. , 故答案選A。 【答案】 A,2．Many restaurant workers are accustomed________tips on to－go orders, so even if you give only a couple of dollars, Im sure it will be appreciated. A．to receive B．to not receive C．to receiving D．to not receiving 【解析】 考查固定用法。句意：許多餐館工作人員習(xí)慣了訂餐時(shí)不付小費(fèi)， 所以即使你僅僅給他幾美元， 我確信他也會(huì)很感激。固定表達(dá)be accustomed to習(xí)慣于， 其中to為介詞， 后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。結(jié)合句意可知答案為D。 【答案】 D,3．This restaurant，________ by an old couple, has an inviting, homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack. A．owning B．to own C．having owned D．owned 【解析】 A項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞或者動(dòng)名詞一般式的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；B項(xiàng)為不定式一般式的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；C項(xiàng)為現(xiàn)在分詞或者動(dòng)名詞完成式的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；D項(xiàng)為過(guò)去分詞。分析題干可知，own與restaurant之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此，空格處應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去分詞。 【答案】 D,4．Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one ________ first is the library. A．repaired B．being repaired C．repairing D．to be repaired 【解析】 句意：這個(gè)城市的許多大樓需要修理，而先要被修理的那座大樓是圖書館。repaired是過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)和完成；being repaired現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示進(jìn)行和被動(dòng)；repairing是現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)和正在進(jìn)行；to be repaired是動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示將來(lái)和被動(dòng)。根據(jù)題干的語(yǔ)境，選項(xiàng)必須既表被動(dòng)又表將來(lái)，