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2019-2020年高考英語閱讀沖刺 閱讀理解15 A Be careful about those who use the truth to deceive. When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can create a false impression. For example, someone might say, "I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!" This guys a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. Hes really a big loser! He didnt say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. Thats called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest. Untrustworthy candidates (競(jìng)選者) in political campaigns often use this tactic (策略). Lets say that during Governor Smiths last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents (對(duì)手) runs an ad saying, "During Governor Smiths term, the state lost one million jobs!" Thats true. However an honest statement would have been, "During Governor Smiths term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs." Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. Its against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An ad might say, "Nine out of ten doctors remend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples." It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation. This kind of deception happens too often. Its a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well. 56. Which statement is true according to the article? A. There is no 100-percent truth. B. A truth is as dishonest as a lie. C. Lies are lies, and truths are lies, too. D. The truth can be used in dishonest ways. 57. The underlined word deceive is close in meaning to _____________. A. pretend B. hide C. fool D. sell 58. The best title for this passage should be _____________. A. A Special Lie B. How to Discover a Lie C. Half-truths D. White Lies B The teachers below are looking for a holilday to suit their students. Read the descriptions of the students and those of the holidays, and then choose the best answer to each question. Ms Robsons students are studying French and German. She would like to speak both languages at some point while theyre away. Hilarys students are fourteen years old. Some of them learn French, so she wants to find a holiday course which can offer individual (個(gè)別的) langauge lessons for those who would like to improve their French. Rosie has a small group of students. They all want to sail but unfortunately some of them are unable to swim, although theyre eager to learn. Mr Pearsons class has just started to learn German but he wants a holiday which mixes studying the language with plenty of free time to explore the foreign country. John has a class of eleven-year-olds who are crazy about sport. Hed like a course which organizes a plete programme including all kinds of sports, meals and entertainments. 1. 2 Summer Schools in the Czech Republic Spend a week in a sports centre 15 minutes south of Prague. Each day’s programme is organized by our professional trainers for children aged 10—14. Prices include breakfast, lunch and dinner as well as sightseeing trips. Summer In Austria We will arrange a programme to suit your students. All our courses take place at the university in Linz. Morning classes are held in German, evening lectures on Austrian history are in English. We offer an exciting programme of evening activities including music, dance and theatre. 3. 4. Greek Sailing Holidays Arrive by air and then hire one of our new boats with all the latest equipment to sail around the Greek islands. These boats sleep up to twenty students and two teachers. Trained sailing staff are available but you must be able to swim. Summer Courses in Finland If you love water sports you’ll love our one-week sports holiday on the Finnish lakes. There are opportunities to swim, sail and water-ski. Lessons are available if you need them. There is also a chance to learn Finnish at no extra cost! Everyone wele. 5. 6. Touring In France Fly to Paris and spend a few days sightseeing in this wonderful city before travelling on to Toulouse. All our tours have a French-speaking guide and acmodation is in fortable hotels. Prices include breakfast and evening meal only. Holiday Programmes in Germany We offer morning classes in the German language at all levels from beginners upwards. In the afternoon you are free to join our mountain walks or to go shopping in the nearby town. In the evening we organize a full programme of entertainments. All ages wele. 7. 8 Swiss Study Tours Using the excellent railway system we off an unusual holiday, sport and study programme. Your hotel is a train: eat and sleep on board and spend each day in a different part of Switzerland. Opportunities to speak French, German and Italian. Summer School In France We offer summer schools for students between the ages of 12 and 16. Live with a French family and choose from a range of different activities including horse-riding, indoor hocker, football, swimming and dry skiing. Private language lessons arranged if requested. 59. Which holiday is the most suitable for Mr. Robsons students? A. 2 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 60. John is most likely to choose _______ for his class. A. 4 B. 3 C. 5 D.1 61. Holiday No.5 is suitable for ____________. A. Hilary B. Mr. Robson C. Rosie D. none 62. Rosie will most probably choose ____ for her students. A. 3 B. 4 C. 8 D. 7 C Some inventions are so useful, but seem so simple, that we wonder why no one thought of them long ago. Post-it Notes - the pieces of paper that you can fasten almost anywhere and then remove without leaving any sign that they were there - are an example of such an invention. Post-it Notes were invented about twenty years ago by Art Fry, a scientist at 3M Corporation. The idea for the product came from a frustrating (令人沮喪的) experience he often had while singing in his church choir（唱詩班）. Fry used pieces of paper as bookmarks to mark the places in his book of songs, but these bookmarks were always falling out. He knew he needed a bookmark that would stay where he put it, but that he could remove without damaging the pages. Around that time, Fry heard about a new adhesive (粘合劑) that a colleague (同事), Dr. Spence Silver, had created. This adhesive was special because it was sticky, but not too sticky. It was strong enough to hold papers together, but weak enough to not tear the paper when it was removed. Fry saw that the new adhesive could help solve his bookmark problem. One morning, Fry put some of the adhesive on the edge of a piece of paper. Just as he hoped, it made a perfect bookmark.. A short time later, Fry realized that his new invention had even more uses than being a great bookmark. He came to this realization when he wrote a note on one of his new "bookmarks" and attached (附著) it to a report he was going to give to a colleague. Soon, co-workers were asking Fry for more samples of his invention so that they could use the new type of notes themselves. Fry and some other people at 3M believed so much in the new product that they persuaded the pany to give away thousands of the "sticky pieces of paper" for trial use. When some salespeople at 3M went to offices and showed workers just how helpful the new type of notes could be, they immediately received many orders. As more and more people discovered how useful Post-it Notes could be, the product took off. 63. The invention of Post-it Notes showed that Art Fry . A. had a lot of knowledge B. was very hard-working C. was good at creative thinking D. loved his job in the church 64. In what way did Dr. Spence help Art Fry? A. They worked together and often discussed science. B. His invention of a special adhesive made Arts invention possible. C. He persuaded 3M Corporation to give away lots of Post-it Notes for tial use. D. He cooperated with Art by providing the new adhesive for Art. 65. Which of the following is a possible use of Post-it Notes? A. A note on a friends door. B.An e-mail to a friend. C. A postcard from abroad. D. An ad in a newspaper. 66. The underlined phrase "took off" means . A. started to leave the ground B. disappeared from the market C. had even more uses D. became popular very quickly D Read these two advertisements, and then answer the questions. When you stretch out in the sun you can do one of three things. You can use no sun tan oil. You can use an ordinary sun tan oil. Or you can use Bergasol. If you don’t use any sun tan oil at all when you’re in sun that is stronger than you’re used to, you will burn surprisingly quickly. If you use an ordinary sun tan oil you will protect your skin to a lesser or greater degree. How much depends on the ‘protection-factor (系數(shù)) number’ on the bottle. Some of these oils block out so many of the sun’s rays you can stay in the sun all day without burning—but you won’t go very brown, either. Bergasol will protect your skin like an ordinary sun tan oil. But Bergasol oil also has a tan accelerator (加速劑) which es from the oil of the Bergamot fruit. It speeds up the rate at which the sun acitvates the skin cells that produce melanin. And it is melanin which gives the skin its brown colour. So when you use Bergasol sun tan oil you go brown faster, and as the days pass the difference will bee more and more obvious. Unfortunately this special formulation isn’t cheap to prepare. So Bergasol is rather more expensive than ordinary sun tan oil. However the price looks more attractive as you do. bergasol It makes you go brown faster Protection Many people imagine that ‘cover-up’ means you don’t get a tan. Nothing to show for your holiday. What a shame. Not so. With ‘cover up’, you can get brown if you want to. The point of cover-up is to protect your skin from the harmful rays of the sun—the ones which, according to the experts, make your skin look older. That’s what Solex Cover-up is all about—protection for your skin. It has a Sun Protection Factor of 8, which makes it suitable for anyone. Find out how it works for you by consulting the Solex is. With Solex Cover-up, you can tan as slowly as you like. As gently as you like. And with much less chance of peeling. Your tan will look better. Your skin will stay young longer. Solex Cover-up. Solex Gentle tan…full protection 67. The underlined word "tan" is closest in meaning to ________________. A. brown B. protection C. light D. health 68. Both Bergasol and Solex serve to ______________. A. treat various kinds of skin disease B. help people enjoy the sun C. help people get sun tan without being burnt D. paint the skin with a brown color 69. Whats special about Bergasol? A. It is more expensive than ordinary sun tan oil. B. It has a tan accelerator that makes the skin go brown faster. C. It has a protection-factor of 8, which makes it suitable for anyone. D. It protects the skin from the harmful rays of the sun. 70. Which of the following decides how well your skin may be protected? A. The price. B. Melanin. C. Cover-up. D. SPF number. E "It was all his own idea," says Pat Peters, the 38-year-old wife of Palo Alto, California high school football coach Bob Peters, 39. Bob had just drawn up a "motherhood contract"-a document (文件) stating that for 70 days this summer he would take over the care and feeding of the couples four children, plus all household chores(雜務(wù)). Although he didnt even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was quite confident. (He thought the experience would make a nice book.) After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to give up. "I was beaten down, pletely humbled," admits Peters. Three weeks later he spoke to the local press (also part of the bargain), stating, "Not only is motherhood a difficult task, not only is it never-ending, it is an impossible job for any normal human being." Bob and Pat were high school sweethearts. After they were married in 1960, she worked as a secretary to help put him through university. Since then Bob has been the football and wrestling coach at Palo Altos Cubberley High while Pat raised the kids. Then two years ago Pat went back to work as a secretary at Cubberley. "I had been around children so much," she sighs (嘆氣), "I couldnt talk to a grown-up." She continued to run the household, however-until Bob signed the contract, whereupon she decided to relax and enjoy it. Although Peters had consulted (咨詢) with his schools home economics teachers and the head of the cafeteria (食堂), his meals were sometimes a disaster. "I tried to slip the butter Id forgotten under the eggs after they were frying," he says. For the last three weeks, the family ate out a lot-sometimes having Macdonalds hamburgers for lunch and dinner. As for housekeeping, a home economics teacher had told Bob that a room always looks clean if the bed is made. "I found an easier way-I shut the doors," he says. Soon the kids were wearing the same clothes for a week. "I made them wear their shirts inside out, and when we went to pick up Pat at work they turned them right side out so they would look clean." Now that Bob has publicly admitted he was wrong, he is routinely (日常地) sharing the child-raising and household tasks with Pat. The tentative (暫定的) title of his book about the summer is taken from something he shouted at the kids one day: _______ 71. The couple signed the contract because __________. A. Pat plained a lot about her doing the housework all by herself B. Bob loved taking care of children and wanted his wife to have a good rest C. they agreed that husband and wife should share household tasks D. Bob thought it easy to take care of the family and wanted the experience for a book 72. It was agreed that if Bob failed to keep to the contract, he would have to __________. A. pay a certain amount of money B. do all the housework for years C. say sorry to his wife D. admit publicly he was wrong about motherhood 73. What can we learn about Pat Peters? A. She was hard-working and selfless. B. She was pretty and kind-hearted. C. She was tired of the child-raising and household tasks. D. She did not love Bob any longer. 74. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Bob managed to keep the kids clothes clean. B. Bob tried to cook good meals for his children. C. Bob frequently took the kids out to eat because he was too busy at work. D. Bob taught the kids to make their beds every day. 75. Which of the following can best end the news story? A. "My experience of being a mother." B. "Im proud of you all, my dear!" C. "Wait till your mother gets home!" D. "Motherhood: an impossible job for anyone." 56~60 BBBCD 61~65 DBCBA 66~70 DACBD 71~75 DDABC