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2019-2020年高中英語小題狂刷07Unit4WarmingUpPre-readingReadingprehending（含解析）新人教版必修1 Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 1. A large number of churches fell into __________（毀壞）after the revolution. 2. He knew it was __________（無用）to protest. 3. Thousands of people died in the __________（災(zāi)難）. 4. Many people were ___________（困）in the building after the fire. 5. Hearing the joke, the students __________（爆發(fā)）into laughter. 【答案】 1. ruins 2. useless 3. disaster 4. trapped 5. burst Ⅱ. 選詞填空 dig out by the end of shake instead of smell a number of shelter extreme shocking shocked electricity 1. How many English words had you learned __________ last term? 2. Please throw the __________ fish away. 3. Without __________ our life would be quite different today. 4. When an earthquake es, people can feel the house __________. 5. It looks like rain. We’d better seek __________ from the rain. 6. More than a dozen people __________ of the avalanche（雪崩）alive. 7. __________ people gathered on the square watching the fireworks. 8. After hearing about this __________ news, they were __________ to open their mouths. 9. She lost her son, so she felt __________ sad. 10. Taking exercise every day makes him look younger __________ older. 【答案】 1. by the end of 2. smelly 3. electricity 4. shaking 5. shelter 6. were dug out 7. A number of 8. shocking; shocked 9. extremely 10. instead of Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. I’m sorry to say that our food is almost ______________ (沒有了). We can’t survive if there is no one to help us. 2. When she heard about the news that her father had died,she______________(突然大哭起來). 3. We______________(驚訝地了解到) that the hero was a child of only six years old. 4. Your letter______________(被掩埋) under a pile of papers on the desk. 5. It is reported that in the earthquake a sixteen-year-old girl spent a whole day____________(挖出) all nine family members_____________(困在廢墟中) alive. 6. _______________(他們目光所及之處),everything was destroyed during the earthquake. 7. Some parents are just too protective. They want to __________________(庇護(hù)他們的孩子免受) every kind of danger, real or imagined. 8. The little Chinese boy speaks English very well ___________________(好像是英國(guó)人). 9. You _______________(怎么仔細(xì)也不為過)in the crowded street. 10. Jane, ____________________(對(duì)地震的消息感到震驚),was at a loss for words. 【答案】 IV. 翻譯與仿寫 1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：活到老，學(xué)到老。 It is never ________________________________. 2. It seemed as if the world was at an end! 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：他們談起話來就像多年的老朋友。 They talked __________________________________ friends for years. 3. Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：讓他們待在地上吧。 ________________ on the ground. 4. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：她不管去哪里都拎著手袋。 She takes her handbag ________________________. 5. All hope was not lost. 翻譯： ________________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：并不是所有的學(xué)生都能懂得這個(gè)。 ________________________ understand this. 【答案】 1. 翻譯：在農(nóng)家大院里，雞甚至是豬都緊張得不想進(jìn)食。 仿寫：too old to learn 2. 翻譯：仿佛到了世界末日！ 仿寫：as if they had been 3. 翻譯：成千上萬個(gè)家庭遇難，許多孩子成了孤兒。 仿寫：Leave them 4. 翻譯：他們所見之處，幾乎一切都被毀了。 仿寫：everywhere she goes 5. 翻譯：并不是所有的希望都破滅了。 仿寫：All the students could not I. 閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A When an earthquake hit a small town, many houses fell down. After the earthquake, all the newspapers reported many-stories about some of the families who were in trouble. One Sunday, when I was reading a newspaper, a special picture touched me. It gave the clothing sizes of each family member. I thought that this would be a good chance to teach my children to help those who were less lucky than themselves. I said to my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old daughter, Meghan, ＂We have so much, but these poor people now have nothing. We’ll share what we have with them.＂ I filled a box with foods and clothes. While I was doing this, I encouraged the children to choose their toys and donate some of their less favorite things. Meghan watched quietly as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together. Then she walked away. A few minutes later she came back with Lucy, her much-loved doll. She put the doll on top of the other toys. ＂Oh, dear,＂ I said, ＂you don’t have to give Lucy. You love her so much. ＂ Meghan said, ＂Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make another little girl happy, too.＂ I looked at Meghan for a long moment. She taught me a lesson. It’s easy to give something that we don’t want any more, but hard to give what we cherish, isn’t it? Zxkk 1. According to the passage, the writer has___________ children. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. The underlined word ＂donate＂ probably means___________. A. 捐贈(zèng) B. 丟掉 C. 展出 D. 放好 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. An earthquake happened in the writer’s hometown. B. The writer let Meghan give her much-loved doll. C. The writer decided to buy some clothes for those people in trouble. D. The writer thinks it is more difficult to give what we love a lot. 4. What’s the best title of this passage? A. A Family Story. B. The Spirit of Giving. C. The Way of Helping Others. D. A Sad Experience. 【答案】 【語篇解讀】文章介紹作者看了報(bào)紙報(bào)道地震之后許多家庭陷入困境，她想借此機(jī)會(huì)讓孩子們學(xué)會(huì)關(guān)愛他人，結(jié)果女兒給自己上了一課。 B Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world—Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey—rats will soon be man’s new best friends. What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat. How does it work? First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信號(hào)). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person. Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linter at Cornell University — New York says, ＂Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.＂ Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity! The ＂rat project＂ is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, ＂It would be wonderful. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to and a rat would get out if it wasn’t safe.＂ Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building(but only after an earthquake, of course). 5. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will bee man’s best friends because they can __________. A. take the place of man’s rescue jobs B. find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings C. serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings D. get into small spaces 6. From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person is alive by __________. A. the noise made by the rat B. the rat’s unusual behavior C. the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back D. the smell given off by the person 7. In doing rescue jobs, __________. A. rats smell better than dogs B. dogs don’t need to be trained to smell people C. robots’ sense of smell can be affected by other smells around D. rats can see in the dark and smaller than robots 8. Rats have all the following advantages(優(yōu)點(diǎn)) EXCEPT that __________. A. they are more wonderful than other animals B. they are less expensive to train than dogs C. they don’t need electricity D. they are small and can get into small places 9. According to the passage, the ＂rat project＂ means to __________. A. use the dog to save lives after an earthquake B. use the rat to save lives after an earthquake C. use the rat to feel the ing earthquake D. use the robot to save lives after an earthquake 【答案】 【語篇解讀】地震過后的搜救工作往往會(huì)遇到很多問題，幸存者在哪兒？怎樣判斷殘?jiān)珨啾谙率欠襁€有生命的存在？我們知道有生命探測(cè)儀，有搜救犬，你聽說過搜救鼠嗎？令人厭惡的老鼠在探測(cè)生命跡象的時(shí)候卻具有更多的優(yōu)勢(shì)，本文意在介紹搜救鼠獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)。 5. B 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.可知，地震救援中，讓老鼠鉆入狹小的空間中去探測(cè)幸存者的位置。 6. C 【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.可知。 9. B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句和第五段內(nèi)容便知B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ. 語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 People 1 (live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred __2__(language) in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, 3 example, contains four to five hundred thousand words. 4 we do not need all these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. Before you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more. The words you know are 5 (call) your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary 6 (big). Read as many books as we can. There are a lot 7 books 8 (write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet 9 new word, look it up in your dictionary. Your dictionary is the 10 (much) useful book. 【答案】 【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文，介紹了世界各地的語言以及與語言學(xué)習(xí)的有關(guān)方法。 1. living 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。本句中動(dòng)詞live與people構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞短語living in different countries作定語修飾people，相當(dāng)于定語從句who live in different countries. 2. languages 考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。名詞＂language語言＂是可數(shù)名詞，前面有數(shù)詞fifteen hundred修飾，說明該名詞應(yīng)該使用復(fù)數(shù)形式languages。 3. for 考查固定搭配。短語for example例如，一本大字典包含40至50萬個(gè)詞條。本句中for example表示列舉。 4. But 考查連詞。大字典中有40到50萬詞條，但是我們根本用不到這么多的詞條，閱讀一本故事書通常只要2千個(gè)詞匯就可以了。上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以使用but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 5. called 考查語態(tài)。本句中主語the words與動(dòng)詞call之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以使用過去分詞called表示被動(dòng)。句意：你所知道的詞被稱為你的詞匯量。 III. 短文改錯(cuò) 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。 修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意： 1. 每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 The other day, I take part in the National English Debating petition. I have a lot to share with you. At first, I feel really delighted what I’ve won the first prize in the petition, which makes me understood the true meaning of the proverb ＂no pains, no gains.＂ Furthermore, in the five-days petition, I established a closely friendship with students from all over the country, from who I’ve learned a great deal. More importantly, taking this petition have enabled me overe my fear of speaking in the public, thus developing my self-confidence. Additionally, I owe many thanks for my teacher and the judges, without whose help, I couldn’t have done such an excellent job. 【答案】 The other day, I part in the National English Debating petition. I have a lot to share with you. At first, I feel really delighted I’ve won the first prize in the petition, which makes me the true meaning of the proverb ＂no pains, no gains.＂ Furthermore, in the petition, I established a friendship with students from all over the country, from I’ve learned a great deal. More importantly, taking this petition enabled me overe my fear of speaking in the public, thus developing my self-confidence. Additionally, I owe many thanks my teacher and the judges, without whose help, I couldn’t have done such an excellent job. 第九處：去掉the in public是固定短語，意為＂在公共場(chǎng)合＂。故去掉the。 第十處：for→to owe one’s thanks to是固定短語，意為＂向某人表示感謝＂。故for改成to。 I. 單項(xiàng)填空 1. (xx天津) I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ___________. A. were injured B. would be injured C. had been injured D. would have been injured 【答案】D 2. (xx北京)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, ___________ he’s in his nineties. A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. in case 【答案】C 【解析】考查狀語從句。句意：即使是九十多歲了，我的爺爺仍然可以時(shí)不時(shí)地打打網(wǎng)球。as long as只要，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；as if似乎，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句；even though即使，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；in case以防，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。這里是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選C。 II. 完成句子 1. (xx江蘇改編) As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed ___________ (nation) in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from xx—2030. 2. (xx北京改編) ＂I know I was really lucky,＂ Paris says now. ＂Most people don’t ___________ (survivor) this. My team saved my life.＂ 3. (xx北京改編) The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may bee ___________ (extreme) good at achieving something other than what we really want. 4. (xx江蘇改編) Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only _____________(災(zāi)難). 5. (xx北京改編) Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for ___________ (survivor) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. 6. (xx北京改編) She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without ___________(遮蔽物) or enough food. 7. (xx天津改編) I feel that I’ve _______________________(給予第二次生命) to devote to something that is meaningful and enormous. 8. (xx江蘇改編) Since 1992 the number of people dying ___________(be) bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%. 9. (xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II改編) It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved ___________ (extreme) popular with the public. 10. (xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編) However, be careful not to go to ___________ (extreme). 11. (xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編) Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 ___________ (million) people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and munity events all over Washington State. 12. (xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II改編) These chemicals e from the ___________ (injure) parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. 13. (xx新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I改編) Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; ___________ (survive) is never certain. 14. (xx浙江改編) To get good and ___________ (use) results, ask them the same question. 15. (xx北京改編)The first thing he did was to find shelter ____________ the freezing wind and snow. 【答案】 1. nations 2. survive 3. extremely 4. disaster 5. survival 6. shelter 7. been given a second life 8. has been 9. extremely 10. extremes 11. million 12. injured 13. survival 14. useful 15. from