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2019-2020年高考英語 語法專題復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 Heroes教案6 北師大版必修1 語法剖析  一般過去時 用法 例句 表示過去某一時刻發(fā)生的動作或情況。常與two days ago,yesterday,last week,the other day,in 1990,during the night,in ancient times等表示過去的時間狀語連詞。 Where did you go just now?  I worked in that factory last year. My mother fell ill the other day. The Red Army came into being in 1927. 表示在過去一段時間內(nèi),經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。常與every day,often,sometimes 等時間狀語連用； used to + 動詞原形或 would + 動詞原形常用來表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的行為。 When I was a child,I often played football in the street. We sometimes went to school by bus last year. I used to smoke a lot but now I don’t now. We would ask our teachers for advice when we had questions. 表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動作。 The monkey jumped off the tree,picked up a big stone and threw it at us. 在時間 、條件、讓步狀語從句中用一般過去時表示過去將來的動作。 He said he would e to see me if he got here. He bought some books when he went to Paris. 過去進(jìn)行時 用法 例句 表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作,過去進(jìn)行時常和表示過去時的時間狀語詞組或從句連用。 I was watching TV at 8 o’clock last night. The students were reading loudly when I came into the classroom. My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station. 表示說話人過去對主語的行為表示贊嘆,厭惡等。常與always,constantly,continually等副詞連用。 The manager was always thinking of his work at that time.（表贊賞） The naughty boys were constantly making trouble.（表不滿） 表示過去將來發(fā)生的動作。一般限于一些表示移動,方向的動詞。 He said that he was ing to see me the next week. Nobody knew whether he was leaving for the countryside. 描述事件發(fā)生的背景。 The sun was shining,the wind was blowing,and a group of soldiers were marching. 現(xiàn)在完成時 用法 例句 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。通常與表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間副 詞just,already,before,yet,never,ever等狀語連用。 I have never heard of that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. —Have you milked the cow yet? —Yes,I have done that already. I’ve just lost my science book. 表示過去已經(jīng)開始,持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)?？梢院捅硎緩倪^去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的一段時間的狀語連用。 如:for和since,及so far,now,today,this week（month,year）等。 I haven’t seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years? 現(xiàn)在完成時還可以用在時間和條件狀語從句中,表示將來某時完成的動作。 I’ll go to your home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the morning,we’ll go to the park. 需要注意以下幾個方面： (1)have been（to）和have gone（to）的區(qū)別: have/has been（to）表示“曾經(jīng)去過”某地,說話時此人很可能不在那里,已經(jīng)回來。側(cè) 重指經(jīng)歷。 have/has gone（to）表示某人“已經(jīng)去了”某地,說話時此人在那里,或可能在路上,反正不在這里。 試比較: He has been to Beijing.他曾去過北京。 （人已回來,可能在這兒。） The sea refuses no river.海不拒河水；大海有能容之量。 He has gone to Beijing.他已經(jīng)去了北京。 （人已走,不在這兒。） (2)表示短暫時間動作的詞,如e,go,die,marry,buy等的完成時不能與for,since表 示一段時間的短語連用。常用的瞬間動詞可轉(zhuǎn)換為:buy—have,borrow—keep,leave/go—be away,begin—be on, finish—be over, bee—be,marry—be married,die—be dead 等。 這本書他買了三天了。 He has bought/got the book for 3 days.（） He has had the book for 3 days.（√） He bought the book 3 days ago.（√） (3)常用句型: ①It is the first/second time...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分,用現(xiàn)在完成時。 ②This is the 最高級+名詞that...結(jié)構(gòu),that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. This is the best film that I’ve（ever）seen. This is the first time that）I’ve heard him sing. 一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時之比較 時態(tài) 定義 各自的時間狀語 共有的時間狀語 不同點(diǎn) 一般過去 時表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作。 yesterday,last week,ago,in1980,in October,just now等表示具體的時間狀語。 thismorning,tonight,ths April,now,once,before,already,recenly, lately等等。 只與具體的時間狀語連用。 現(xiàn)在完成時 表示過去發(fā)生的動作,強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。 for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/unti,uptonow,inpast years,always等表示不確定的時間狀語。 只與模糊的時間狀語連用,或無時間狀語。 分析比較下列例句: I saw this film yesterday.　　　　 I have seen this film. （強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動作發(fā)生過了。） （強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。） She returned yesterday. She has returned from Paris. （她是昨天回來了。） （她已從巴黎回來了。） He has been in the League for three years. He joined the League three years ago. （在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)。） （三前入團(tuán),joined為短暫行為。） 注意:句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday,last week,in 1960）時,不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時,要用過去時。 例如: （錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.