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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化類 閱讀理解精練（3） xx高考英語閱讀理解--政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化類 Americans get some of their news and entertainment from public television and radio. These public media receive money to operate from private citizens, organizations and government. Many of their programs are educational. But most of the American media are run by businesses for profit. These privately owned media have changed greatly in recent years. Newspapers, magazines and traditional broadcast television organizations have lost some of their popularity. At the same time, online, cable and satellite media have increased in numbers and strength. So have media that serve racial groups and those municating in foreign languages. In general, more media than ever now provide Americans with news and entertainment. At the same time, fewer owners control them. Huge panies have many holdings(股份). In some areas, one pany controls much of the media. One dramatic change in American media is the increased success of cable television. It es into most homes over wires. It does not use the public airwaves to present programs, as broadcast television does. Like broadcast television, most cable television programs perform advertisements. This is true although people must pay to see cable television in their homes. Thirty years ago, few people had cable. Today, about sixty-eight percent of American homes have cable television. Television by satellite also is gaining popularity. Over the years, traditional broadcast organizations have tried to appeal to as many watchers as possible. Many cable panies, however, present programs for one special group of viewers. For example, there are cable stations for people who like books, cooking, travel, golf or edy. 【小題1】Which of the following is true about American public media? A．They depend on the government. B．They are controlled by the government C．They are free D．They can earn money. 【小題2】Which of the following properly shows the change in these privately owned media? A．Newspapers are getting more popular. B．Satellite media is getting more popular. C．Traditional media also serve racial groups. D．Some media make their programs in foreign languages 【小題3】From the second paragraph, we learn that. A．broadcast TV and cable TV programs include sales messages B．more media are out of control C．American media is dramatic D．cable TV is free 【小題4】What would be the best title for the text? A．American news and entertainment B．Public television and radio media C．media in the United States D．Cable programs in the United States xx高考英語閱讀理解--政治經(jīng)濟(jì)文化類 While working in Southeast Asia in the mid 1990’s, I became a branch manager in a factory. At the beginning, I used human relations principles, such as putting myself into the others place to help gain trust. After a few months, I was told that the factory team members liked and trusted me. Then the owner, seeing how everyone thought well of me, believed that I could bee an instrument of change to carry out his several unpopular programs. The factory members resisted and eventually saw me as a puppet controlled by the owner. The more I insisted that they ‘follow orders’ the more they found ways to weaken the new changes. Finally, I was replaced by a manager who knew enough to please both masters. Even though the owner did not like the fact that his new changes were not immediately applied, the new manager gained his power by the support received from his team together with an intention to find a way. What I learned was that your team must always see you as supportive of their needs, even to the extent that the owner may not be pleased that you are unable to follow their wishes. At the end of the day, if your people do not follow you then you are no longer in charge and will be replaced. At first I blamed my boss for putting me in such a position. Then in honest reflection, I began to realize that he had probably hoped that I would have found some middle ground. What I could have done was to first obtain their advice about why they did not wish to follow the new policy changes, and then I should have used my influence with both the owner and team members to find a better way. Though, in fact it is a painful lesson for me, it has served me well along my career path! 【小題1】What can we learn from the passage? A．Obeying is the best quality. B．Giving is always a pleasure. C．Appreciating others will benefit a lot. D．Dealing with relationship is important. 【小題2】The underlined word “puppet” has the similar meaning to. A．instrument B．a(chǎn)ssistant C．wretch D．winner 【小題3】Which is the right order according to the passage? a. He was removed from his position. b. He got on poorly with the coworkers. c. He carried out the orders of the owner. d. He became a branch manager. f. He was believed in not only by coworkers but leaders. A．a(chǎn), b, d, c, f B．f, d, c, b, a C．d, f, c, b, a D．d, c, f, b, a 【小題4】From the third paragraph we can infer that . A．the new manager carried out the programs at once B．the new manager got on badly with workers C．workers need to be recognized and supported D．you should make full use of your power 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Early on Saturday morning, one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded hit central Chile. The powerful quake killed more than 800 people, destroyed or badly damaged 1.5 million homes and affected almost 2 million people. The 8.8-magnitude earthquake struck around 3:34 a.m., jolting(震搖) people awake all over the country. The earthquake came from underwater, off the coast of Chile. Fernando Abarzua was in one of the many buildings that collapsed(倒塌) there. “I was on the eighth floor and all of a sudden I was down here,” he said, adding that he was surprised to have escaped with no major injuries. The earthquake triggered(引發(fā)) a tsunami that swept across the Pacific Ocean, setting off warnings in 53 countries. In the end, the tsunamis waves caused major damage and several deaths in Chile but nowhere else. Dozens of aftershocks, or smaller earthquakes, rattled(使顫動(dòng)) the area in the days following Saturdays massive quake. Chile has a history of earthquakes. The largest recorded earthquake in the world—a 9.5-magnitude quake—struck the country in May 1960. Since 1973, there have been 13 quakes there with a magnitude of at least 7.0. As a result, Chiles newer buildings were built to withstand(經(jīng)受住) the shocks. That is one reason that Chiles quake—though 500 times stronger—has caused much less damage than the earthquake that struck Haiti in January. On Sunday, Bachelet ordered troops in Chile to help hand out food, water and blankets and to clear rubble(瓦礫堆)from the roads. Temporary hospitals were planned for the hardest-hit areas. She later requested help from the international munity. On Monday, the United Nations prepared earthquake relief efforts as well as 30 tons of food and other help. Even before Bachelets request, President Obama announced that the U.S. was prepared to help. “The United States stands ready to assist in the rescue and recovery efforts,” he said. 60. The passage mainly tells us . A. how the world helped Chile after its earthquake B. a massive（巨大的） earthquake rocked Chile and the response to it C. hundreds of people died after the Chile’s earthquake D. the poorest country-Chile was destroyed pletely 61. According to the passage, we know Fernando Abarzua is . A. brave B. devoted C. lucky D. kind 62. Which of the following could be the main and direct reason that caused less damage in Chile than that in Haiti? A. Help came in time. B. Chiles people had got the news before the earthquake. C. Chile is richer than Haiti. D. Most of the buildings in Chile can bear the shocks. 63. The passage most probably appears . A. in a newspaper B. in a magazine C. in a history book D. in an advertisement 閱讀理解。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 I got my first drivers license (執(zhí)照) in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte，North Carolina.Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman.Henry and I were living in Baltimore，Maryland.Two weeks before my 20th birthday，Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon.When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina drivers license，ready to renew，the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr.Henry Smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said. I argued，pointing to a very large belly (肚子) of mine，“I am married.I am having a baby.Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive？”He answered coldly，“ Its the law，madam.” Henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.“No，”I said.I refused to have him sign for me.So I left without a Maryland license. I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mail—using my name Susan Brown.And thus it was for the next twelve years.Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license.By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland，and I had to take the Maryland drivers exam.Since then I just go in and renew every four years—sign the name Susan Brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive. 本文講述了美國不同的州法律不一樣。在北卡羅萊納州，中學(xué)時(shí)就可拿駕照，而在馬里蘭州21歲才能申請駕照。 1．Susan got her first drivers license______. A．before she got married to Henry B．when she was twenty years old C．a(chǎn)fter she finished high school D．when she just moved to Maryland 答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段第一、二句話可知，蘇珊在上中學(xué)時(shí)拿到的第一個(gè)駕照，四年后換證時(shí)，她已結(jié)婚了。由此可知A項(xiàng)正確。 2．Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because______. A．she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law B．she lacked driving experience in Maryland C．she was to give birth to a baby soon D．she insisted on signing for herself 答案：D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段可知，她拒絕丈夫替她簽名注冊，因此她沒拿到駕照。由此可知正是因?yàn)樗龍?jiān)持自己簽名注冊，使她沒換證成功。 3．We can infer from the text that in the U．S.______. A． American males should serve in the army B．different states may have different laws C．people have to renew their licenses in their home states D．women should adopt their husbands family names after marriage 答案：B。推理判斷題。由馬里蘭州和北卡羅萊納州的法律來看，不同的州有不同的法律。 閱讀理解。 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New York—he in puters, she in special education. “Teaching means everything to us，” Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton s foundation (基金會(huì)) that mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，” Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder.” Five years later, now retired and with that brochure still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination library. The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts. The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a looksee. “We didnt want to give the children rubbish，” says Linda. The books—reviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dollywood board members—included classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of .” The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people sit there and wait to die，” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.” 本文講述了Tim心臟手術(shù)后，對人生的目標(biāo)有嚴(yán)肅認(rèn)真的思考，術(shù)后，參加Dolly Parton的基金會(huì)，并與妻子Linda成立了Richter家庭基金會(huì)，每月花400美元給學(xué)齡前兒童買書。 4．What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life? A．His health problem. B．His love for teaching. C．The influence of his wife. D．The news from the Web. 答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第一段第二句話“In April...leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose”可知A項(xiàng)正確。 5．What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library? A．Give out brochures. B．Do something similar. C．Write books for children. D．Retire from being a teacher. 答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段第二句話“I thought，maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire”可知B項(xiàng)正確。 6．According to the text, Dolly Parton is ________. A. a wellknown surgeon B. a mother of a fouryearold C. a singer born in Tennessee D. a puter programmer 答案：C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第二段第一句話“...a program started by Dolly Partons foundation that mailed a book to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of sevier，Tenneasea”中的singer可知C項(xiàng)正確。 7．Why did the Richters go to Dollywood? A. To avoid signing up online. B. To meet Dollywood board members. C. To make sure the books were the newest. D. To see if the books were of good quality. 答案：D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文倒數(shù)第三段第一、二句話可知，書的質(zhì)量是Richter夫婦關(guān)心的問題。因此他們沒有在網(wǎng)上報(bào)名，而是親自去多莉塢看看。因此可知D項(xiàng)正確。 8．What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraph? A. He needs more money to help the children. B. He wonders why some people are so busy. C. He tries to save those waiting to die. D. He considers his efforts worthwhile. 答案：D。推理判斷題。Tim最后說：有些人坐著等死，而另一些人在剩余的時(shí)間內(nèi)盡可能的忙碌。由上文可知，Richter夫婦對自己所做的事情很滿意，并且其他人也非常感激，由此可推出D項(xiàng)正確。