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2019-2020年高考英語考前熱身專練 社會現(xiàn)象、歷史類閱讀2 1、Whether we should allow marine (海洋的) parks to stay open has been widely debated in our munity recently. A variety of different arguments have been put forward about it. Smith, a sociologist, argued that dolphin parks provide the only opportunity for much of the public to see marine mammals. As this argument goes, most Australians live in cities and never get to see these animals. Marine parks allow the average Australian to appreciate our marine wildlife. However, in fact, there are many places where they can be seen in the wild. Moreover, these places do not charge an overpriced entry fee — they are free. Dr. Alison Lane, the director of the Cairns Marine Science Institute, insists that we need marine parks for scientific research. She argues that much of our knowledge of marine mammals es from studies which were undertaken at marine parks. The knowledge which is obtained at marine parks can be useful for planning for the preservation of marine mammal species. However, Jones, a zoologist, explains that park research is only useful for understanding captive animals and is not useful for learning about animals in the wild. Their diets are different, they have significantly lower life lengths and they are more likely to have a disease. In addition, marine mammals in dolphin parks are trained and this means that their patterns of social behaviour are changed. The Marine Park Owners Association holds that marine parks attract a lot of foreign tourists. This position goes on to state that these tourists spend a lot of money, increasing our foreign exchange earnings and assisting our national balance of payments. However, foreign tourists would still e to Australia if the parks were closed down. Indeed, surveys of overseas tourists show that they e here for a variety of other reasons and not to visit places like Seaworld. Tourists e here to see our native wildlife in its natural environment and not to see it in cages and concrete pools. They can see animals in those conditions in their own countries. In a word, perhaps an agreement cannot be reached now. However, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us? 1．Who support(s) the idea of closing marine parks? A. Most Australians. B. Alison Lane. C. Smith. D. Jones. 2．What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 3 ? A. The results from studies are valuable in animal preservation. B. Scientific research at the marine parks has its limitations. C. Captive animals have biology changes in marine parks. D. Human behavior causes harmful effects on the animals. 3．Which is NOT the reason to keep marine parks? A. For entertainment purpose. B. For scientific research purpose. C. For economic purpose. D. For political purpose. 4．The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by . A. pointing out the problems with keeping the marine parks B. using evidence he has collected at the marine parks C. discussing the advantages of animals natural homes D. questioning the way the animals are studied 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 【解析】 公園的原因有：娛樂功能，科學研究，經濟目的，但是沒有提到有政治目的，選D 4．細節(jié)題：從文章最后一段的句子：, a question does deserve our consideration: If we continue with our past crimes against these creatures, how will our future generations view us?可知作者想說服讀者接受這種論點主要是通過指出保留海洋公園的問題。選A 2、When did you last visit a shopping mall? In many places, the answer would be “l(fā)ast weekend.” Some people go even more often. Why? For one thing, malls offer goods and services that people need all in one place: food, clothing, things for their houses, entertainment, even medical services. So, are malls one of the highlights of modern civilization? Environmental activists would say No! They would go even further and say that consumer behavior is causing a huge environmental disaster. They cause consumers of ignorance of the side effect of their shopping—urban sprawl (擴大) . Social scientists agree that patterns of development have changed the landscape a great deal in the last half century. Before 1950, most people lived in towns or cities and either walked to work or took public transportation. Only very wealthy people had automobiles. Farmers lived in rural areas or isolated villages and came into town only when they needed things they couldn’t produce themselves. If you gazed at the landscape you would see towns surrounded by countryside. Then a massive change occurred. Automobiles became affordable and people were quick to adopt them. Now ambitious workers could live in the suburbs, the areas just outside cities, which started to grow rapidly. As long as there was lots of cheap land in the suburbs, no one paid much attention to the usage of that land. Malls, fast food restaurants, cinemas, and car dealerships spread out in large, flat buildings. These one–storey buildings and their parking lot took up a great deal space. Well– meaning farmers thought they were better off selling their land than growing crops. In ignorance, no one realized that once the land was built up in urban sprawl, the good farming land would be ruined forever. There was no way to preserve it. Only in recent years have people e to mourn the old way of life as they have developed insight into the problems. Now people realize that urban sprawl has e with serious environmental problems. The negative aspects of sprawl include air and water pollution, loss of agricultural land, traffic jams, and the death of businesses in the old town centers. Many scholars think the time has e to analyze the problems better so we can develop appropriate policies to control further sprawl. Some think the best way to do is to educate citizens about their priceless environment. 5．What is mainly discussed in the passage? A. Weekend Fun B. Urban Sprawl C. New Automobiles D. Isolated Villages 6．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the first paragraph? A. Scientists B. Activists. C. Farmers. D. Malls 7．Who do environmental activists blame for environmental problems? A. Endangered animals. B. Shopping mall owners. C. Unthinking shoppers. D. Ambitious farmers. 8．What do scholars think should be done about urban sprawl? A. Understand the situations better. B. Follow customary policies. C. Start school in shopping malls. D. Charge polluters a lot of money. 9．What is the scholars’ attitude toward urban sprawl? A. Respectful. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Doubtful. 【答案】 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．B about their priceless environment. ”可知，權威人士認為只有更好地分析問題讓市民引起重視，才能夠制定相關的政策解決問題，故A項正確。A 9．推理判斷題。根據最后一段最后兩句“Many scholars think. . . their priceless environment”可知他們是不贊同城市擴張的。選B 3、Are you carrying too much on your back at school? I’m sure lots of children of your age will say “Yes”. Not only the students in China have this problem, but children in the United States also have heavy school bags. Doctors are starting to worry that younger and younger students are having back and neck problems as a result of school bags being too heavy for them. “It’s hard for me to go upstairs with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rick Hammond, an 11-year-old student in the US. Rick is among students who have mon school bags with two straps (帶子) to carry them, but many other students choose rolling bags. But even with rolling bags, getting up stairs and buses is still a problem for children. Many of them have hurt their backs and necks because of the heavy school bags. But how much is too much? Doctors say students should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body weight. Scott Bautch, a back doctor, said children under Grade 4 should stay with 10%. But it is also important that older children don’t stay with over 15%, because their bodies are still growing. “Children are losing their balance and falling down with their school bags,” he said. Parents and teachers are starting to tell children to only take home library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using pieces of paper or thin workbooks for students to take home. One of the best answers is, as some children said, to have no homework at all! 10．From the passage we can know that . A. only children in China carry too heavy school bags B. both children in China and the US carry too heavy school bags C. children in other countries don’t carry too heavy bags D. only children in the US carry too heavy school bags 11．Children feel it hard for them to go upstairs because ________. A. they are too young B. they don’t know how to go upstairs C. their school bags are too heavy D. their parents don’t always go upstairs with them together 12．If a child carries a heavy school bag, . A. his back and neck will be hurt B. his head and arms will be hurt C. his hands will be hurt D. his feet will be hurt 13．According to the doctor, Scott Bautch, if a child in Grade 5 weighs about 30 kilos, the school bag he carries should not be over ________. A. 5 kilos B. 3 kilos C. 5.5 kilos D. 4.5 kilos 14．Some students think the best answer to his problems is that . A. they should have a little homework to do after they get home B. their teachers had better not ask them to do any homework C. they should only take home library books they will read that night D. they should use thin workbooks instead of thick ones 【答案】 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．B 的背部可能會出現(xiàn)問題。故A正確。 13．D 計算題。根據Doctors say students should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body weight(重量).、可知學生的書包的重量最好不要超過體重的百分之15.如果體重是30公斤，書包最多4.5公斤。故D正確。 14．B 細節(jié)題。根據文章最后一句One of the best answers is, as some children said, to have no homework at all!可知沒有家庭作業(yè)是最好的解決方法。故B正確。 4、It is natural that young people are often unfortable when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways, that they are too serious and too strict with their children, and that they seldom give their children a free hand. It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust and they tend to forget how they themselves felt when young. For example, young people like to act on the spot without much thinking. It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation. Old people worry more easily. Most of them plan things in advance, at least in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something unexpected. When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it. Young people often make their parents angry with their choices in clothes, in entertainment and in music. But they do not mean to cause any trouble: it is just that they feel cut off from the older people’s world, into which they have not yet been accepted. That’s why young people want to make a new culture of their own, and if their parents don’t like music or entertainment or clothes or their way of speech, this will make the young people extremely happy. Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents to say “yes” to what you do. All you want is to be left alone and do what you like. It is natural enough , after being a child for so many years, when you were pletely under your parents’ control. If you prefer to control your life, you’d better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do. 15．_______ are to blame for the quarrels between parents and their children, according to this article. A. Parents B. Young people C. Neither parents nor their children D. Both Parents and their children 16．According to the passage, young people prefer to ______. A. ask for advice before they really start to do anything B. do things without thinking carefully ahead. C. be very strict with themselves D. think in the same way as their parents do 17．If a young man intends to control his own life, it’s better for him to _________. A. do everything according to his own wish. B. do everything the way his parents do. C. do everything beyond hid parents’ control. D. hold himself responsible for everything he does. 【答案】 15．D 16．B 17．D 5、Everyone knows that the French are romantic, the Italians are fashionable and the Germans are serious. Or do they? Are these just stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character? And if there is, can it affect how a nation succeed or fail? At least one group of people is certain that it can. A recent survey of the top 500 entrepreneurs (實業(yè)家) in the UK found that 70 percent felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public. Britain is hostile to success, they said. It has a culture of jealousy (嫉妒) . As a result, the survey said, entrepreneurs were “unloved, unwanted and misunderstood”. Jealousy is sometimes known as the “green-eyed monster” and the UK is its home. Scientists at Warwich University in the UK recently tested this idea. They gathered a group of people together and gave each an imaginary amount of money. Some were given a little, others a great deal. Those given a little money were given the chance to destroy the large amounts of money given to others—but at the cost of losing their own. Two thirds of the people tested agreed to do this. This seems to prove the entrepreneurs were right to plain. But there is also conflicting evidence. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) recently reported that the UK was now the world’s fourth largest economy. That is not bad for people who are supposed to hate success. People in the UK also work longer hours than anyone else in Europe. So the British people are not lazy, either. “It’s not really success that the British dislike,” says Carey Cooper, a Professor of management at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology. “It’s people using their success in a way that seems arrogant (傲慢) or unfair or which separates them from their roots.” Perhaps it is the entrepreneurs who are the problem. They set out to do things in their way. They work long hours. By their own efforts they bee millionaires. But instead of being happy they plain that nobody loves them. It hardly seems worth following their example. If they were friendlier, people would like them more. And more people want to be like them. 18．What does the underlined “it” in the second paragraph refer to__________? A. One group of people B. A great survey C. A nation D. National character 19．Most entrepreneurs surveyed believe that . A. the British public are hardworking B. they are not popular simply because they are successful C. love of success is Britain’s national character D. they are considered as “green-eyed monsters” 20．What does the result of the Warwich University test show_________? A. Most people would rather fail than see others succeed B. Two thirds of the people tested didn’t love money C. An imaginary amount of money does not attract people D. Most people are willing to enjoy success with others 21．The writer of the passage seems to suggest that . A. jealousy is Britain’s national character B. British entrepreneurs are not fairly treated C. the British dislike the entrepreneurs because they do not behave properly D. the scientists at Warwich University did a successful test 22．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Everyone knows that the French are romantic, the Germans are fashionable and the Italians are serious. B. About 350 entrepreneurs in the UK felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public. C. The British people are not lazy and they work longer hours than anyone else in the world. D. Carey Cooper said that the British really dislike success. 【答案】 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．B that seems arrogant (傲慢) or unfair or which separates them from their roots.””可知，英國人并非不喜歡他人的成功，而是不喜歡人們以成功自居的傲慢態(tài)度和不公正的行為，故選C。 22．根據第二段“A recent survey of the top 500 entrepreneurs (實業(yè)家) in the UK found that 70 percent felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public.”可知，500位企業(yè)家中的70%是350人，故選B。 6、Is it necessary for a young man to have an apartment as a prerequisite（先決條件） for marriage? Housing has bee a major obstacle（障礙） for Chinese young men hoping to start a family. China may breed a new group of bachelors, men caught in the trap of unaffordable houses. Since early xx, the housing market has once again bee a hot pot at boiling point. Even with allowance（津貼） and special government policies, home prices in Chinas first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai are riding the crest（波峰）of a rising wave. According to the "xx China Marital Status Report" released on Dec 15, xx, about 70 percent of women interviewed said that housing, a stable ine and some savings were the main requirements for marriage. From the report, we can see that housing is given top priority（優(yōu)先權） and that women see an apartment as essential(必不可少的) to show that the man is responsible and can provide for his family. Personality and morals lay outside the top three matrimonial （婚姻的）requirements. Some women and their families hold the traditional position and take it for granted that the home issue should be the mans responsibility, which doesn’t agree with the contemporary independent spirit of women and gender equality. These marriage values reflect the fact that many women consider marriage another form of "social welfare". Things may be different overseas. Social housing, provided by European authorities, offer the less wealthy people their own piece of real estate. Such housing is usually apartments in tall buildings with 10 or more floors on the outskirts of town, whose main advantage is the low rents. For many Americans, houses dont pose an obstacle to getting married. They often buy a house after the wedding, because more and more people are reconsidering their real estate worship, and going back to a more rational(理性的) mode of consumption. In Japan, renting is the custom for newly married young couples. Few young couples can afford to purchase property. Up to 67.1 percent of young couples choose to rent. Generally speaking, renters account for most people younger than 40 in Japan. Young people should be free to enjoy being young, without the huge pressure of trying to buy property. Society should help create an environment for them to grow up. Dont let the poor bachelor group bee a suffering layer（層） of our society. 23．Which of the following is Not True according to the text? A. Home prices have been extremely high since early xx. B. In the modern society, women don’t want to be independent. C. Chinese government has already done something to control home prices. D. Lots of Chinese young men couldn’t get married because of their economic capability. 24．What does the underlined word “outskirts” probably mean? A. urban areas B. rural areas（鄉(xiāng)下） C. suburbs D. downtown areas 25．Why do many women take housing as one of the main requirements for marriage? A. Because they can’t afford a house. B. Because they enjoy their social welfare. C. Because their families want them to marry men with houses. D. Because they think it’s a symbol of the men’s sense of responsibility. 26．The author uses the examples of European countries, America and Japan to show that __________? A. new couples in those countries like to rent houses B. the situation is different in some foreign countries C. it’s better to live in those countries th