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20xx年下半年英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題試卷及答案和解析 　　一、寫(xiě)作 　　Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use ofrobots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of humanbeings in industry as well as peoples daily lives. You are required to write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words. 二、聽(tīng)力場(chǎng)對(duì)話 　　Section A 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the fourchoices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre. 　　注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。 　　Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　1. A) Project organizer. 　　B) Public relations officer. 　　C) Marketing manager. 　　D) Market research consultant. 　　2. A) Quantitative advertising research. 　　B) Questionnaire design. 　　C) Research methodology. 　　D) Interviewer training. 　　3. A) They are intensive studies of peoples spending habits. 　　B) They examine relations between producers and customers. 　　C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products. 　　D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period. 　　4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity. 　　B) Checking charts and tables. 　　C) Designing questionnaires. 　　D) The persistent intensity. 　　Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 　　5. A) His view on Canadian universities. 　　B) His understanding of higher education. 　　C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education. 　　D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities. 　　6. A) It is well designed. 　　B) It is rather inflexible. 　　C) It varies among universities. 　　D) It has undergone great changes. 　　7. A) The United States and Canada can learn from each other. 　　B) Public universities are often superior to private universities. 　　C) Everyone should be given equal access to higher education. 　　D) Private schools work more efficiently than public institutions. 　　8. A) University systems vary from country to country. 　　B) Efficiency is essential to university management. 　　C) It is hard to say which is better, a public university or a private one. 　　D) Many private university in the U.S. are actually large bureaucracies. 　三、聽(tīng)力短文 　　Section B 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre. 　　Passage One 　　Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　9. A) Governments role in resolving an economic crisis. 　　B) The worsening real wage situation around the world. 　　C) Indications of economic recovery in the United States. 　　D) The impact of the current economic crisis on peopled life. 　　10. A) They will feel less pressure to raise employees wages. 　　B) They will feel free to choose the most suitable employees. 　　C) They will feel inclined to expand their business operations. 　　D) They will feel more confident in competing with their rivals. 　　11. A) Employees and companies cooperate to pull through the economic crisis. 　　B) Government and companies join hands to create jobs for the unemployed. 　　C) Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs. 　　D) Team work will be encouraged in companies. 　　Passage Two 　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 　　12. A) Whether memory supplements work. 　　B) Whether herbal medicine works wonders. 　　C) Whether exercise enhances ones memory. 　　D) Whether a magic memory promises success. 　　13. A) They help the elderly more than the young. 　　B) They are beneficial in one way or another. 　　C) They generally do not have side effects. 　　D)They are not based on real science. 　　14. A) They are available at most country fairs. 　　B) They are taken in relatively high dosage. 　　C) They are collected or grown by farmers. 　　D) They are prescribed by trained practitioners. 　　15. A) They have often proved to be as helpful as doing mental exercise. 　　B) Taking them with other medications might entail unnecessary risks. 　　C) Their effect lasts only a short time. 　　D) Many have benefited from them. 四、聽(tīng)力錄音 　　Section C 　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by threeor four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 　　Recording One 　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 　　16. A) How catastrophic natural disasters turn out to be to developing nations. 　　B) How the World Meteorological Organization studies natural disasters. 　　C) How powerless humans appear to be in face of natural disasters. 　　D) How the negative impacts of natural disasters can be reduced. 　　17. A) By training rescue teams for emergencies. 　　B) By taking steps to prepare people for them. 　　C) By changing peoples views of nature. 　　D) By relocating people to safer places. 　　18. A) How preventive action can reduce the loss of life. 　　B) How courageous Cubans are in face of disasters. 　　C) How Cubans suffer from tropical storms. 　　D) How destructive tropical storms can be. 　　Recording Two 　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. 　　19. A) Pay back their loans to the American government. 　　B) Provide loans to those in severe financial difficulty. 　　C) Contribute more to the goal of a wider recovery. 　　D) Speed up their recovery from the housing bubble. 　　20. A) Some banks may have to merge with others. 　　B) Many smaller regional banks are going to fail. 　　C) It will be hard for banks to provide more loans. 　　D) Many banks will have to lay off some employees. 　　21. A) It will work closely with the government. 　　B) It will endeavor to write off bad loans. 　　C) It will try to lower the interest rate. 　　D) It will try to provide more loans. 　　22. A) It wont help the American economy to turn around. 　　B) It wont do any good to the major commercial banks. 　　C) It will win the approval of the Obama administration. 　　D) It will be necessary if the economy starts to shrink again. 　　Recording Three 　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 　　23. A) Being unable to learn new things. 　　B) Being rather slow to make changes. 　　C) Losing temper more and more often. 　　D) Losing the ability to get on with others. 　　24. A) Cognitive stimulation. 　　B) Community activity. 　　C) Balanced diet. 　　D) Fresh air. 　　25. A) Ignoring the signs and symptoms of aging. 　　B) Adopting an optimistic attitude towards life. 　　C) Endeavoring to give up unhealthy lifestyles. 　　D) Seeking advice from doctors from time to time. 五、Section A選詞填空 　　Section A 　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified bya letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on ,Answer Street 2 with a singleline through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 　　Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. 　　Lets say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of __26__ on your roller-skates brings a smileto your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a __27__ attitudetoward it. 　　This description of roller-skating __28__ the three components of an attitude: affect, cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; its great fun. These feelings __29__ the affectiveor emotional component; they are an important ingredient in attitudes. The knowledge wehave about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understandthe health __30__ that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes __31__ us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating. 　　Now, we dont want to leave you with the __32__ that these three components always worktogether __33__ . They dont; sometimes they clash. For example, lets say you love pizza(affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledgecomponent) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attituderesult in, eating pizza or __34__ it? The answer depends on which component happens to bestronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime, your emotions and feelingsprobably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for yourhealth. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where togo for dinner, however, the knowledge component may __35__ , and you decide to go whereyou can eat a healthier meal. 　　A.avoiding 　　B.benefits 　　C.highlight 　　D.illustrates 　　E.impression 　　F.improves 　　G.inquiring 　　H.perfectly 　　I.positive 　　J.prevail 　　K.primarily 　　L.prompt 　　M.specifications 　　N.strapping 　　O.typical 六、Section B段亂匹配 　　Section B 　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2. 　　The Changing Generation 　　[A] It turns out todays teenagers arent so scary after all. Results of USA WEEKENDS Teens& Parents survey reveal a generation of young people who get along well with theirparents and approve of the way theyre being raised. They think of their parents withaffection and respect. They speak with Mom or Dad when they have a problem. Most feel thattheir parents understand them, and they believe their family is the No. 1 priority in theirparents, lives. Many even think their parents are cool! Although more than a third have anobject in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, rarely is it anythingmore alarming than a diary or off-color (低俗的) book or CD. 　　[B] Such results may seem surprising against the background of shocking incidents that colorthe way the mass media portray the young. In October 2000, , the same month the surveywas taken, the Washington-based Center for Media and Public Affairs wrote in its publicationMedia Monitor that, in a recent month of TV news coverage of American youth, just 2% of teenswere shown at home, and just 1% were portrayed in a work setting. In contrast, the criminaljustice system accounted for nearly one out of every five visual backgrounds. No wonder parentsworry their own kids might spin out of control once they hit the turbulent waters ofadolescence. 　　[C] The overall facts ought to reassure us. The survey shows us that todays teens areaffectionate, sensible and far happier than the angry and tortured souls that have beenpainted for us by stereotypes. From other sources, we also know teenage crime, drug abuseand premarital sex are in general decline. We, of course, need to pay attention to youngsterswho are filled with discontent and hostility, but we should not allow these extreme cases todistort our view of most young people. 　　[D] My own research at the Stanford Center on Adolescence uses in-depth interviews with smallsamples of youngsters rather than large-scale surveys. Still, in my studies and others I haveread, I find the same patterns as in USA WEEKENDS survey. Todays teenagers admire theirparents and welcome parental guidance about important matters such as career choice—though certainly not Mom and Dads advice on matters of personal taste, such as music orfashion. When we ask teens to choose a hero，they usually select an older family member ratherthan a remote public figure. Most teens say they enjoy the company of both parents andfriends. 　　[E] Contrary to some stereotypes, most adolescents believe they must be tolerant ofdifferences among individuals (though they do not always find this easy in the cliquish (拉幫結(jié)派的) environment of high school). Many of them volunteer for community service withdisadvantaged people. One prevalent quality we have found in teens, statements aboutthemselves, their friends and their families is a strikingly positive emotional tone. By andlarge, these are very nice kids, and as the band The Who used to sing, "The kids are alright." 　　[F] How much is todays spirit of harmony a change from our more turbulent past? A meregeneration ago, parent-child relations were described as "the generation gap". Yet even thenreports of widespread youth rebellion were overdone: Most kids in the 60s and 70s sharedtheir parents, basic values. Still, it is true that American families are growing closer at the dawnof this new millennium (千年). Perhaps there is less to fight about, with the country in a periodof tranquility and the dangers of drug abuse and other unwholesome behavior well known. Perhaps in the face of impersonal and intimidating globalization, a young persons familyfeels more like a friendly haven than an oppressive trap. And perhaps parents are actingmore like parents than in the recent past. Within just the past five years, I have noticed parentsreturning to a belief that teenagers need the guidance of elders rather than the liberal, "anything goes" mode of child-rearing that became popular in the second half of the 20thcentury. 　　[G] But missing from all these data is the sense that todays young care very much about theircountry, about the broader civic and political environment, or about the future of their society. They seem to be turning inward—generally in a pro-social manner, certainly with positivebenefits for intimate relationships, but too often at the expense of a connection with thepresent and future world beyond, including the society they will one day inherit. 　　[H] Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the "laws of life" that teens from twocommunities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John TempletonFoundation in Radnor, Pa. In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of theteenagers, we found lots of insight, positive feeling and inspirational thinking. But we alsofound little interest in civic life beyond the tight circles of their family and immediate friends. 　　[I] For example, only one boy said he would like to be president when he grows up. When I wasin high school, dozens in my class alone would have answered differently. In fact, other recentstudies have found there has never been a time in American history when so small aproportion of young people have sought or accepted leadership roles in local civicorganizations. It is also troubling that voting rates among our youngest eligible voters—18- to24-year-olds—are way down: Little more than one in four now go to the polls, even in nationalelections, compared with almost twice that many when 18-year-olds were first given the vote. 　　[J] In our interviews, many students viewed politics with suspicion and distaste. " Mostpoliticians are kind of crooked (不誠(chéng)實(shí)的)" one student declared. Another, discussing nationalpolitics, said, “I feel like one person cant do that much, and I get the impression most peopledont think a group of people can do that much." Asked what they would like to change in theworld, the students mentioned only personal concerns such as slowing down the pace of life, gaining good friends, becoming more spiritual, becoming either more materially successful orless materially oriented (depending on the students values), and being more respectful of theEarth, animals and other people. One boy said, "Id rather be concentrating on artistic effortsthan saving the world or something." 　　[K] It is fine and healthy for teens to cultivate their personal interests, and it is good newswhen young people enjoy harmonious relations with their family and friends. But there is alsoa place in a young life for noble purposes that include a dedication to the broader society, alove of country and an aspiration to make their own leadership contributions. 　　[L] In the past, the young have eagerly participated in national service and civic affairs, oftenwith lots of energy and idealism. If this is not happening today, we should ask why. Oursociety needs the full participation of its younger citizens if it is to continue to thrive. Weknow the promise is there—this is a well-grounded, talented, warm-hearted group ofyoungsters. We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyondtheir immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world. 　　注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。 　　36. Not many young people eligible for voting are interested in local or national elections thesedays. 　　37. Parents are concerned that their children may get involved in criminal offences once theyreach their teens. 　　38. Even during the turbulent years of last century, youth rebellion was often exaggeratedin the media. 　　39. Teenagers of today often turn to their parents for advice on such important matters ascareer choice. 　　40. The incidence of teenage crime and misbehavior is decreasing nowadays. 　　41. Young people should have lofty ideals in life and strive to be leaders. 　　42. Some young people like to keep something to themselves and dont want their parents toknow about it. 　　43. It is beneficial to encourage young people to explore the broader world and get ready tomake it a better place. 　　44. Many teenagers now offer to render service to the needy. 　　45. Interviews with students find many of them are only concerned about personal matters. 七、Section C 仔細(xì)閱讀 　　Section C 　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with asingle line through the centre. 　　Passage One 　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage. 　　Manufacturers of products that claim to be environmentally friendly will face tighter rules onhow they are advertised to consumers under changes proposed by the Federal TradeCommission. 　　The commissions revised "Green Guides" warn marketers against using labels that make broadclaims, like "eco-friendly". Marketers must qualify their claims on the product packaging andlimit them to a specific benefit, such as how much of the product is recycled. 　　"This is really about trying to cut through the confusion that consumers have when they arebuying a product and that businesses have when they are selling a product," said Jon Leibowitz, chairman of the commission. 　　The revisions come at a time when green marketing is on the rise. According to a new study, the number of advertisements with green messages in mainstream magazines has risen since1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.4%. In 2009, the number dropped to 9%. 　　But while the number of advertisements may have dipped, there has been a rapid spread ofecolabeling. There are both good and bad players in the eco-labeling game. 　　In the last five years or so, there has been an explosion of green claims and environmentalclaims. It is clear that consumers dont always know what they are getting. 　　A