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2019-2020年高考英語 語法專題復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 Lifestyles教案7 北師大版必修1 語法剖析 一般現(xiàn)在時 謂語形式 (1)謂語是系動詞be。 (2)謂語是行為動詞。 一般現(xiàn)在時句中，如果主語是第三人稱時，動詞要進(jìn)行變化： ①一般情況下，動詞后面直接加-s。例如：works,gets,says,reads ②以ch,sh,s,x或o結(jié)尾的動詞，在后面加-es。例如：goes,teaches,wases ③以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，把y變?yōu)閕再加-es。例如：studies,tries,carries 用法 用法 例句 表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作及現(xiàn)在存在的特征或狀態(tài)；常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。 She is often late for school. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 表示客觀規(guī)律、正確事實(shí)或科學(xué)真理、格言及客觀存在。 The earth moves around the sun. Failure is the mother of success. All the living things on the earth depend on the sun. 表示主語現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、能力、性格或個性。 The boy is always ready to help others. He writes good English but does not speak well. 表示計劃或安排要做的動作（有時間狀語）,限于begin,e,leave,go,arrive,start,move,stop,open,close,return等一類動詞。 The plane takes off at ten o’clock. They leave for Shanghai next Sunday. The film starts at eight o’clock this evening. 在有連詞if,unless,before,when,as soon as,once,however等引起的時間（條件、讓步）狀語從句,需用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。 If you work hard,you’ll succeed in passing the exam. We’ll go out for a walk as soon as the rain stops. 一般現(xiàn)在時還可用在戲劇、電影的劇本解說、體育比賽的解說以及圖片的說明等場合。 Tom carries the ball to the left. The picture shows us how they built the motorwaylast year. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 構(gòu)成：動詞原形-ing (1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-ing。例如：go—going,stand—standing (2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞，去掉e,再加-ing。例如：arrive—arriving (3)少數(shù)幾個以-ie結(jié)尾的動詞，須將ie變成y,再加-ing。例如：die—dying　lie—lying (4)以元音+輔音結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫輔音字母，再加-ing。例如：stop—stopping 用法 用法 例句 表示現(xiàn)在（指說話人說話時）正在發(fā)生的事情。 Tom is playing basketball now. We are waiting for you. 表示目前一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作,說話時動作未必正在進(jìn)行。 Mr Green is writing another novel. She is learning piano under Mr Smith. 與always,constantly,forever 等詞連用,表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài),往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩,如贊嘆或厭惡等。 She is always changing her mind.（表示厭煩） You should not be constantly making the same mistake. 表示在最近計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作。常限于go,e,leave,start,arrive,return,stay,do,have,wear等表移動、方向的詞。 We are starting the work in a few days. My friends are ing to see me tomorrow. The plane is taking off in a few minutes. 一般將來時 構(gòu)成 用法 例句 shall/will+動詞原形 表示單純的將來；必然的將來；表示意愿、決心 We shall know more and more as time goes on. No one knows what will happen in the future. I will explain it once again if you listen to me. be going to +動詞原形 表示計劃、打算；表示客觀跡象 What are you going to be in the future? Look! The clouds are gathering.It is going to rain. be about to + 動詞原形 表示即將或正要去做……,不與時間狀語連用, 但可和when 從句連用。 I am about to go to the cinema. The train is about to leave. be to +動詞原形 表示預(yù)定要做……；（表命令、禁止）應(yīng)該…… All these are to be answered for! You are not to smoke in the meeting-room. be doing 表示按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動,常限用于go,e,start,leave,reach,arrive,return,move等位移動詞。 They are leaving for Shanghai next week. When are you going abroad?