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二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,解題指導(dǎo) 括號(hào)內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞排除了詞類轉(zhuǎn)換和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的可能性后，就需要填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞了。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種形式：-ing，-ed；to do。 (1) 作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞-ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，to do表示具體的情況。 (2) 作定語(yǔ)，to do只能作后置定語(yǔ)，一般表示動(dòng)作還沒(méi)有發(fā)生。 (3) 作介詞賓語(yǔ)用-ing。 (4) 作目的狀語(yǔ)或者在形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)，一般用to do。 (5) 作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，常用分詞。與邏輯主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞-ing；是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞-ed。 (6) 像interesting和interested這樣配對(duì)的形容詞化的分詞，-ing形式表示“令人……”，也是主動(dòng)含義， - ed表示“感到……”，表示被動(dòng)含義。 下面請(qǐng)注意運(yùn)用本技巧解答下列題目： 1. 2014 新課標(biāo)2卷的第3、6、7三題。 2. 2015新課標(biāo)2卷的第1、4、6題。 3. 2008廣東卷（改編）的第1、9題。,Test 4 2014新課標(biāo)2卷,One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 .(be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2 some of them looked very anxious and 3 . (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 4 the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. 1. being. 介詞后應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞ing形式。 2. and. 該空是純空格題型，又是較長(zhǎng)的句子，優(yōu)先考慮并列連詞或引導(dǎo)詞。因?yàn)槎禾?hào)前有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，逗號(hào)后也有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，并且前后兩句話完整，判斷此空填并列連詞。根據(jù)句意，用and。 3. disappointed. 因?yàn)閍nd前是形容詞anxious，所以and后也應(yīng)是形容詞，表示“人感到失望的”，用過(guò)去分詞。 4. to. next to表示“挨著”的意思。,being,and,disappointed,to,A boy on a bike 5 . (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6 . (stop) until we reached the next stop. 5. caught. 簡(jiǎn)單句應(yīng)有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以此空應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 6. to stop. 本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞refused，所以此空用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，refuse后接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。,caught,to stop,Still, the boy kept 7 (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “ 8 anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” 7. riding. 一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句如果沒(méi)有連接詞，只能有一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，本句已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞kept，所以此空用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，keep doing表示“繼續(xù)做……”，ride與the boy是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。 8. Did. 根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)法和疑問(wèn)句形式，可以判斷此空填疑問(wèn)句的助動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，可知用過(guò)去式的助動(dòng)詞Did。,riding,Did,A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It’s 9 (I)”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers 10 .(sudden) became friendly to one another. 9. me/mine. 此空應(yīng)用I的正確代詞形式。如果用me，則理解成It’s me who lost a suitcase.；如果用mine，則理解成It (The suitcase) is mine.，mine是名詞性物主代詞，代指my suitcase。 10. suddenly. 修飾動(dòng)詞became用副詞形式。,me/mine,suddenly,Test 5 2015新課標(biāo)2卷,The adobe dwellings (土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 .most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 . (able) to “air condition” a house without 4 . (use) electric equipment. 1. built 動(dòng)詞build和定語(yǔ)The adobe dwellings是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞built作定語(yǔ)。 2. the 形容詞最高級(jí)most modern前加the。 3. ability 代詞their后接名詞，所以用able的名詞形式ability。 4. using 介詞without后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，use去掉字母e再加-ing。,built,the,ability,using,Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 . (cool) the house during the hot day; 5. slowly 用slow的副詞形式slowly修飾動(dòng)詞give out。 6. to cool 形容詞加enough后接不定式。,slowly,to cool,7 the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures. 7. at at the same time是固定詞組。 8. goes 根據(jù)上下文，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。這種循環(huán)日復(fù)一日。,at,goes,As 9 (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 9. natural 形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞architects。 10. how 根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用how修飾形容詞thick，連接賓語(yǔ)從句。,natural,how,Test 6 2008廣東卷（改編）,Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. Behind these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop 1 . (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help 2 rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about 3 day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected. 1. to help. plucking up a crop to help it grow的意思是“拔苗助長(zhǎng)”，其中的不定式to help it grow為目的狀語(yǔ)。 2. his. 因前面提到的是a short-tempered man，以及下文的his crop，故此處用 his 表示“他的”。 3. it / this. 用以指代 help his rice crop grow up quickly 這件事,to help,his,it/this,One day, he came up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few 4 (inch). He did so the next day. He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, 5 he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 6 (high). 4. inches. a few表示“一些”，后接可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞。 5. but. 前后意思轉(zhuǎn)折。 6. higher. 根據(jù)句意可知。指莊稼比“被拔”之前“長(zhǎng)高”了。,inches,but,higher,His son heard about this and went to see the crop. 7 .(unfortunate) the leaves of the crop began to wither. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 8 (nature) course. 7. Unfortunately.用副詞形式，表示“不幸地”。注意：句首單詞要大寫(xiě)。 8. natural. 用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)，故用形容詞形式。natural course 指自然生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程。,Unfortunately,natural,9 (Be) too anxious to help an event develop often 10 . (result) in the contrary to our intention. 9. Being.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。注意：句首單詞要大寫(xiě)。 10. results. 因主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)。result in 為固定搭配，意為“導(dǎo)致……結(jié)果”。,Being,results,6. higher. 根據(jù)句意可知。指莊稼比“被拔”之前“長(zhǎng)高”了。 7. Unfortunately.用副詞形式，表示“不幸地”。注意：句首單詞要大寫(xiě)。 8. natural. 用于名詞前作定語(yǔ)，故用形容詞形式。natural course 指自然生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程。 9. Being.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。注意：句首單詞要大寫(xiě)。 10. results. 因主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞，故謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)。result in 為固定搭配，意為“導(dǎo)致……結(jié)果”。,Thank You!,