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2019-2020年高中英語 素能提升演練(三) Unit3 譯林牛津版必修1 含答案 Ⅰ. 用下列句型翻譯句子 1. 一見到警察他們就跑掉了。(upon (doing)sth. ) ____________________________________________________________________ 2. 溫度越高，壓力就越大。(the more. . . the more. . . ) ____________________________________________________________________3. 我下午要找人修電視。(have sth. done) ____________________________________________________________________4. 無論什么時間，你到了那兒就給我打電話。(no matter what. . . ) ____________________________________________________________________5. 吃個蘋果就能挨到吃晚飯了。(keep+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)) ____________________________________________________________________6. 我昨天去了那兒，她也去了。(so的倒裝句) ____________________________________________________________________Ⅱ. 單項填空 1. I’m trying to lose weight because I’m so _________ of my body. A. guilty B. ashamed C. proud D. patient 2. They _________ a harmful chemical that caused my liver to fail. A. control B. include C. cover D. contain 3. He sighed again and the failure in physics seemed to have pletely _________ his confidence. A. damaged B. attacked C. shocked D. struck 4. ［xx信陽模擬］—Let’s go there by taxi. —It’s not far from here, I prefer _________. A. walking to take a taxi B. to walk rather than take a taxi C. walk to taking a taxi D. to walk rather than to take a taxi 5. ［xx合肥模擬］—Your grandfather is always full of _________. What’s the secret? —Playing Taiji every morning. A. power B. energy C. relief D. force 6. ［xx杭州模擬］The doctors are delighted to find that the patient is beginning to _________ from heart trouble. A. uncover B. discover C. recover D. cover 7. ［xx福州模擬］—Do you know if Linda is willing to take charge of the program? —_________, does it? A. It takes no time B. It counts for nothing C. It doesn’t make sense D. It doesn’t hurt to ask 8.—Why are you so frightened? —I saw two dark _________ enter the building. A. shades B. appearances C. shadows D. figures 9. David had promised me he would attend the meeting and _________. A. so did he B. so he would C. so would he D. so he did 10. There is _________ water and the farmers can use it to irrigate their fields. A. a great deal B. a large number of C. a plenty of D. a large amount of 11. Although we _________ many serious natural disasters, we are sure to overe all difficulties. A．give away B．a(chǎn)ffect with C．suffer from D．deal with 12. —Does the new teaching method work? —Yes. The students find it easier to _________ what is being taught. A．take in B．take off C．take up D．take on 13. She doesn’t think she is _________; it is said that _________ is the mother of success. A. a failure; failure B. failure; a failure C. a failure; a failure D. failure; failure 14. Eating well and _________ can keep you _________. A. more exercise; health B. exercising more; health C. exercising more; healthy D. more exercise; healthy 15. ［xx瀏陽模擬］—Put these glasses away before they _________. —OK. I will put them in the cupboard. A. have broken B. are breaking C. get broken D. will be broken Ⅲ. 閱讀理解 (Medical Xpress)— In a new study published in PLoS Medicine, researchers have shown that it is not only the American habit of “super-sizing” meals that is leading to obesity, but the number of snacks and meals that are being eaten throughout the day. The study, led by professor of nutrition Barry Popkin from the University of North Carolina, looked at data from food studies conducted as far back as the 1970s and discovered that Americans have increased their daily caloric intake. In 1977～1978, Americans were consuming on average 1, 803 kcal and in xx～xx that number had jumped up to 2, 374. The study examined the amount of calories in a specific amount of food, portion sizes that were consumed and how many snacks and meals were consumed within a day. Looking at the results, the researchers concluded that portion size and the amount of meals and snacks eaten are the biggest factors responsible for the change. According to the numbers, the number of daily meals and snacks in 1977 was 3. 8 but rose to 4. 8 in xx. However, the top 10 percent of surveys showed that the number of meals and snacks was as high as seven per day. It appears that in the last few years, portion size seems to be stabilizing, however the total number of calories consumed is increasing. A main reason behind this is the daily consumption of more than 220 more calories consumed daily from soft drinks than in years past. While much diet and health advice over the years has suggested eating more frequent small meals, it appears the idea of eating more frequently is understood but the foods chosen are not correct. Eating small, frequent meals can boost your metabolism(新陳代謝) and control hunger more than eating three big meals a day, however, if these smaller meals are high-calorie and salty options, the benefits are not seen. According to the Centers for Disease Control, as many as 25 percent of Americans are obese and these findings suggest that a new focus needs to be placed on portion size and snacking habits in order to reduce those numbers. 1. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. American snacking habits to blame for obesity. B. American meals. C. American favourite diets. D. American meals and snacks. 2. How does Barry Popkin know Americans have increased their daily caloric intake? A. By paring some data. B. By doing some experiments. C. By making a survey among people. D. By observing the restaurants. 3. Why is the total number of calories consumed increasing though portion size may not change? A. Because more soft drinks are consumed by people. B. Because more fat is consumed by people. C. Because the restaurants offer more dishes. D. Because the restaurants offer larger meals. 4. According to the passage, what is good to people? A. Eating less. B. Eating more frequently. C. Eating meals full of high calories and salt. D. Eating small, frequent meals full of low calorie and little salt. Ⅳ. 任務(wù)型閱讀 請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。 It’s difficult to find true friends these days. A lot of people tend to backstab (背后傷人). Some make friends just to use them. Others promise to be your friends but they are never there when you need them the most. They appear only when they need something from you. Once you find a friend who is worth keeping, make sure to take care of what you have with that person. How? Here are some tips on how to make your friendship last forever: 1. Call for no reason. Call just to say “hi” or just to ask “What’s up? ” You don’t need a huge or an important reason to call a friend. If you can’t call, just send an e-mail. This would send a message that you remember your friends on a random (隨意的) time of the day. 2. Know when to say I’m sorry and thank you. Don’t let pride get in the way, especially when you’re at fault. The word “sorry” already has saved a lot of friendships. Show appreciation for the things, big or little, which your friend does for you. Did she listen to you when you were plaining about that Physics exam? Did he offer his shoulders to you to cry on when your boyfriend broke your heart? Say thank you. It’s that easy. 3. Avoid(避免) hurtful words. If you have nothing good to say, don’t talk at all. Don’t risk hurting your friend’s feelings by saying hurtful words that, most of the time, you don’t really mean. If you’re a true friend, you will be careful with your words. 4. Be honest. Don’t lie to a friend. Trust is the foundation of a true friendship. Write them a note from time to time. Also, try to be thoughtful (體貼的). Give simple gifts that will make their day. Create a pilation(專輯) of their favorite songs for them. Treat them to a cheap meal. Remember that even the sweet, simple things matter. 5. Know how to keep a secret and show your friends that they can depend on you to be there whatever happens. If you promise to keep the secret for your friends, just do it. Don’t be a kiss-and-tell type of person who tells everybody what a friend shares. 6. Never be mean with your time. Spare some time to see your friends however busy you are. You can always spare an hour or two after school or work to visit them. Weekends are a great time, too, to bond and hang out with your friends. If you are the type of person who knows how to take care of friendship, you definitely are a keeper! Title How to treat your friendship in a right way (1)_________ for being difficult to find true friends ▲Some will backstab or treat friends as (2) _________. ▲Some never help you when you are in (3)_________ but only take something from you. Ways of(4) _________ friendship ▲Call for no reason or just (5) _________ your friend to show that you remember him at any time. ▲Say sorry when you are wrong and express (6) _________for his help at the right time. ▲Be careful with your words in case you (7) _________ your friend’s feelings. ▲Be a person of (8) _________ and care about friends with simple gifts. ▲Don’t (9) _________ your promises by letting out your friends’ secrets, but show that you are loyal. ▲Be (10) _________ with your time and visit your friends even if you are very busy. 答案解析 Ⅰ. 1. Upon seeing the police, they ran away. 2. The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure is. 3. I will have my TV set repaired this afternoon. 4. Call me when you get there no matter what the time is. 5. Have an apple to keep you going till dinner time. 6. I went there yesterday, so did she. Ⅱ. 1. 【解析】選B。根據(jù)句意可知，“我”正努力減肥。因為我對自己的體形感到羞愧。guilty內(nèi)疚的，有罪的；ashamed慚愧的，感到難為情的；proud自豪的；patient耐心的。 2. 【解析】選D?？疾閯釉~辨析。句意：它們含有一種有害的化學(xué)藥品，這種藥品造成了我的肝衰竭。control控制；include包括，指整體中包含部分；cover覆蓋，行走，采訪；contain包含，包括，指物體中含有某種成分，符合句意。 3. 【解析】選A。句意：他又嘆了口氣，物理考試的失敗好像徹底挫敗了他的信心。damage損害；attack攻擊；shock使震驚；strike打，擊。 4. 【解析】選B。prefer to do. . . rather than do. . . 是固定句型，符合題意，即：我寧愿走也不坐出租車。 5. 【解析】選B。考查名詞辨析。energy在這里意為“精力”，符合語境中的“精力充沛”。power指能力；電力；也可指權(quán)力等；force指武力，強(qiáng)制力；relief輕松，緩解。 【變式備選】 —Your grandfather has built his_________ after his illness. What’s the secret? —Playing Taiji every morning. A. power B. energy C. strength D. force 【解析】選C。strength“體力”。上句句意：你的祖父病后已經(jīng)恢復(fù)了體力……。 6. 【解析】選C?？疾閯釉~辨析。recover from從……中恢復(fù)(健康等)。句意：醫(yī)生們高興地發(fā)現(xiàn)病人開始從心臟病中恢復(fù)過來。 7. 【解析】選D?？疾榍榫敖浑H。句意：——你知道琳達(dá)是否愿意負(fù)責(zé)這個項目嗎？——問一下也無妨，不是嗎？It doesn’t hurt to ask意為“又不是不能問；問一下也無妨”； It counts for nothing意為“那不算什么”；It doesn’t make sense意為“沒有意義；講不通”；It takes no time意為“那不花時間”。 8. 【解析】選D。考查名詞辨析。figure的意思是“身影”。shade樹蔭，幽靈；appearance外貌，外觀；shadow影像，幻影。 9. 【解析】選D。so he did意為“他的確這樣做了”，符合題意，即：大衛(wèi)答應(yīng)我來參加會議，他確實這樣做了。 10. 【解析】選D。a large amount of接不可數(shù)名詞；a great deal后應(yīng)有of，a large number of后接可數(shù)名詞，C項應(yīng)該是plenty of。 11. 【解析】選C。句意：盡管我們遭遇了許多嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，但我們一定會克服所有的困難。suffer from遭受；give away泄露；affect with不是固定短語; deal with處理。 12. 【解析】選A。句意：——這條新教學(xué)方法管用嗎？——是的。學(xué)生們覺得更容易掌握被教授的知識。take in吸收，掌握；take off起飛；take up從事；take on呈現(xiàn)。 13. 【解析】選A?？疾槊~。a failure為“失敗的人或事”，而failure意為“失敗”時為不可數(shù)名詞，后半句意為“失敗是成功之母”。 14. 【解析】選C?？疾閍nd連接的兩個并列結(jié)構(gòu)，形式要一致，所以排除A、D。而keep后接形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，所以排除B項，故選C。 15. 【解析】選C。get broken被打壞，before是連詞，引導(dǎo)的從句后用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。 Ⅲ. 1. 【解析】選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段、第三段的最后一句以及下文可知，本文主要講了美國人的肥胖是由于快餐和大餐造成的。故選A。 2. 【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，Barry Popkin是參考了一些數(shù)據(jù)得出的結(jié)論。故選A。 3. 【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句可知，人們每天多攝入的220多卡的熱量主要來自軟飲料。故選A。 4. 【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句可知，少吃，經(jīng)常吃可以促進(jìn)新陳代謝控制饑餓，但是如果這些小餐是高熱量和高鹽的，也不會有益。由此可知選D。 Ⅳ. (1)Reasons (2)tools (3)need (4)keeping (5)e-mail (6)thanks (7)hurt (8)honesty (9)break (10)generous